Licenze Open Source, API, interoperabilità, motori di una nuova web economy

www.sourcesense.com

www.reteitalianaopensource.it

Luca Bonesini

Tech, fun, sales, and...

Informatico, Lanciatore di giavellotto,
Programmatore, Suonatore di
chitarra basso, Sistemista,
Imprenditore, IT Manager, Marito,
Tecnico di prevendita, Mountainbike-ista,
Webmaster, Padre2, Venditore,
Cantore, Markettaro
http://lbonesini.it
@lbonesini
http://it.linkedin.com/in/lucabonesini/

l.bonesini@sourcesense.com
+39 366 688 7125

1989

1997

2002

La mia carriera

www.sourcesense.com


2009

2010

Sourcesense

“Making sense of Open Source”

Partner

Gruppo

Open Source

Clienti

Hibernate Search Project
Apache/UIMA project
JBoss GateIn Portal
Lucene/Solr
Committers
Apache Chemistry
Lucene/Infnispan
Apache Jackrabbit
integration
OpenSSO-Alfresco
Lead developer
Contributors

www.sourcesense.com


Le licenze Open Source

www.sourcesense.com


Licenze software, quali regole?

Fonte Chamindra de Silva

www.sourcesense.com


Licenze Open Source

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opensource.org

Il termine “Open Source”nasce nel febbraio 1998 a
Palo Alto (CA), con la Open Source Initiative
(E.Raymond, B.Perens)
La OSI mantiene l'elenco delle licenze OS
riconosciute ed approvate (Open Source Definition),
secondo i 10 criteri OSI
Da non confondere con la Free Sofware Foundation
(fsf.org), fondata nel 1985 da R.Stallman (e altre
ancora: “Debian Free Software Guidelines” e “Definition
of Free Cultural Works”). Principi simili,

implementazione differente.

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Licenze Open Source

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1. Free Redistribution
The license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away the software
as a component of an aggregate software distribution containing programs
from several different sources. The license shall not require a royalty or other
fee for such sale.

2. Source Code
The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in source
code as well as compiled form. Where some form of a product is not distributed
with source code, there must be a well-publicized means of obtaining the
source code for no more than a reasonable reproduction cost preferably,
downloading via the Internet without charge. The source code must be the
preferred form in which a programmer would modify the program. Deliberately
obfuscated source code is not allowed. Intermediate forms such as the output
of a preprocessor or translator are not allowed.

i 10 criteri

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3. Derived Works
The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them
to be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original software.

4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code
The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified form
only if the license allows the distribution of "patch files" with the source code
for the purpose of modifying the program at build time. The license must
explicitly permit distribution of software built from modified source code. The
license may require derived works to carry a different name or version number
from the original software.

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5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups

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The license must not discriminate against any person or group of persons.

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6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor
The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the program
in a specific field of endeavor. For example, it may not restrict the
program from being used in a business, or from being used for
genetic research.

7. Distribution of License
The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the
program is redistributed without the need for execution of an
additional license by those parties.

8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product
The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program's
being part of a particular software distribution. If the program is
extracted from that distribution and used or distributed within the
terms of the program's license, all parties to whom the program is
redistributed should have the same rights as those that are granted
in conjunction with the original software distribution.

9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software
The license must not place restrictions on other software that is
distributed along with the licensed software. For example, the
license must not insist that all other programs distributed on the
same medium must be open-source software.

10. License Must Be Technology-Neutral
No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual
technology or style of interface.


Le licenze OS

Quante sono?

Le più popolari, le comunità più attive

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Apache License, 2.0 (Apache-2.0)

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BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" license (BSD-3-Clause)

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BSD 2-Clause "Simplified" or "FreeBSD" license (BSD-2-Clause)

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GNU General Public License (GPL)

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GNU Library or "Lesser" General Public License (LGPL)

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MIT license (MIT)

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Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL-2.0)

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Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL-1.0)

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Eclipse Public License (EPL-1.0)

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Le licenze OS

Quante sono?

Le altre...
S p e c ia l p u rp o s e lic e n s e s

Non-reusable licenses

Apple
E d u c a tio n a l C o m m u n ity Lic e n s e , V e rs io n 2 .0 (E C L- Public Source License (APSL-2.0)

Computer Associates Trusted Open Source

2 .0 )

Superseded licenses
Apache Software License 1.1

Licenses that have been voluntarily
retired
Intel Open Source License (Intel)

License 1.1 (CATOSL-1.1)

IP A F o n t Lic e n s e (IP A )
N A S A O p e n S o u rc e A g re e m e n t 1.3 (N A S A -1.3 )
O p e n F o n t Lic e n s e 1.1 ( O F L-1.1)
O th e r/M is c e lla n e o u s lic e n se s

(Apache-1.1)

CUA Office Public License Version 1.0 (CUA-

Common Public License 1.0

MITRE Collaborative Virtual

(CPL-1.0)

Workspace License (CVW)

OPL-1.0)
EU DataGrid Software License (EUDatagrid)
Entessa Public License (Entessa)

Artistic license 1.0 (Artistic-

Frameworx License (Frameworx-1.0)
IBM Public License (IPL-1.0)

A rtis tic lic e n s e 2 .0 (A rtis tic -2 .0 )

LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL-1.3c)

O p e n S o ftw a re Lic e n s e (O S L-3 .0 )

Motosoto License (Motosoto)

License, Version 1.0 (ECL-

Q P u b lic Lic e n s e (Q P L-1.0 )

Multics License (Multics)

1.0)

Naumen Public License (Naumen)

Educational Community

Nethack General Public License (NGPL)
Nokia Open Source License (Nokia)

(EFL-1.0)

OCLC Research Public License 2.0 (OCLC-2.0)

Lucent Public License

PHP License (PHP-3.0)

License (SISSL)
Uncategorized Licenses
Boost Software License (BSL-1.0)
CeCILL License 2.1 (CECILL-2.1)
Common Public Attribution License

Eiffel Forum License V1.0

Lic e n s e s th a t a re re d u n d a n t w ith m o re p o p u la r
lice n s e s

Sun Industry Standards Source

1.0)

A d a p tiv e P u b lic Lic e n s e (A P L-1.0 )

zlib /lib p n g lic e n s e (Z lib )

Jabber Open Source License

1.0 (CPAL-1.0)
European Union Public License
(EUPL-1.1)
GNU Affero General Public License

Python License (Python-2.0) (overall Python

("Plan9"), version 1.0 (LPL-

A ttrib u tio n A s s u ra n c e Lic e n s e s (A A L)

license)

1.0)

E iffe l F o ru m L ic e n s e V 2 .0 (E F L-2 .0 )

CNRI Python license (CNRI-Python) (CNRI

F a ir Lic e n s e (F a ir)

portion of Python License)

Mozilla Public License 1.0

H isto rica l P e rm is sio n N o tic e a n d D is cla im e r

RealNetworks Public Source License V1.0

(MPL-1.0)

RL)

(RPSL-1.0)

Mozilla Public License 1.1

MirOS Licence (MirOS)

Ricoh Source Code Public License (RSCPL)

(MPL-1.1)

A c a d e m ic F re e Lic e n s e (A F L-3 .0 )

(H P N D )
Lu c e n t P u b lic L ic e n s e V e rs io n 1.0 2 (LP L- 1.0 2 )
Th e P o s tg re S Q L Lic e n s e (P o s tg re S Q L)

Sleepycat License (Sleepycat)

Open Software License 1.0

Sybase Open Watcom Public License 1.0

(OSL-1.0)

(Watcom-1.0)

Open Software License 2.1

U n iv e rsity o f Illin o is /N C S A O p e n S o u rc e Lic e n s e
(N C SA )
X .N e t L ic e n s e (X n e t)

ISC License (ISC)

Sun Public License (SPL-1.0)

Vovida Software License v. 1.0 (VSL-1.0)

v3 (AGPL-3.0)
Microsoft Public License (MS-PL)
Microsoft Reciprocal License (MS-

Non-Profit Open Software License
3.0 (NPOSL-3.0)
NTP License (NTP)
Reciprocal Public License 1.5 (RPL1.5)
Simple Public License 2.0 (SimPL-

W3C License (W3C)

(OSL-2.1)

wxWindows Library License (WXwindows)

Reciprocal Public License,

Open Group Test Suite License

Zope Public License (ZPL-2.0)

version 1.1 (RPL-1.1)

(OGTSL)

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2.0)


Licenze software, quali vincoli?

Fonte Chamindra de Silva

www.sourcesense.com


L'Open Source per OSI

Perché occuparsense?

Open source is a development method for
software that harnesses the power of
distributed peer review and transparency
of process.
The promise of open source is better
quality, higher reliability, more flexibility,
lower cost, and an end to predatory
vendor lock-in.
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L'inventario? Impossibile.

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Sistemi operativi: AROS BSD Darwin eCos FreeDOS GNU Haiku Inferno
Linux Mach MINIX OpenSolaris Plan 9 ReactOS
Sviluppo: Basic For Qt Eclipse FreeBASIC Free Pascal GCC Gambas Java
LLVM Lua NetBeans Open64 Perl PHP Python ROSE Ruby Tcl
Community/organizzazioni: Apache Software Foundation Android
Open Source Project Blender Foundation Eclipse Foundation FreeBSD
Foundation freedesktop.org Free Software Foundation Europe India
Latin America FSMI GNOME Foundation GNU Project Google Code KDE
e.V. Linux Foundation Mozilla Foundation Open Knowledge
Foundation Open Source Geospatial Foundation Open Source
Initiative Software Freedom Conservancy SourceForge Symbian
Foundation The Document Foundation Ubuntu Foundation Xiph.Org
Foundation XMPP Standards Foundation X.Org Foundation

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Open Source. E poi?

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Open Source=Innovazione

E se non ci fosse?

Internet, BBS, Linux, web, browser, social web, web 2.0,
dotcom, Google/alternative a Google, Social Network
(MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, G+, etc.), Online
media (Youtube, Hulu, Last.fm, etc.), Blog, RSS, Mashups
(Maps, Flickr, Amazon), Structured/Linked Data,
Opendata, NoSQL, OpenAPI, Semantic web,
Geo/Location-aware services, Real-time web,
Recommendations engine, Cloud, Mobile web, Mobile
App, Augmented reality, Internet of Things, etc. etc.
Non solo software: media, hardware, automotive,
healthcare, books, school, art... economy.

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Aziende Open Source

Business principale

Red Hat Sun Microsystems/Oracle Novell Digium Jaspersoft
Zimbra IPBrick International Ingres Untangle Liferay
Openbravo SugarCRM Alfresco Pentaho Compiere/Consona
Cleversafe Fonality GroundWork Open Source Opengear
EnterpriseDB Continuent Hyperic MuleSource xTuple Vyatta
Openmoko SpringSource/Vmware StarPound Technologies
Nuxeo Open-Xchange Acquia Actuate Astaro Canonical
ClearCenter Continuent Digium LucidWorks DotNetNuke
Uucalyptus eRacks Fluendo eBox Intalio IPBrick JumpBox
KnowledgeTree Likewise Magnolia Mandriva Mindtouch
MuleSoft MySQL/Oracle Talend Untangle Zarafa Zenoss
Zmanda

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Aziende che contribuiscono all'OS

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Open Source
Open Standard

Interoperabilità
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Innovazione

Innovazione = bu$in€ss

OAGi OASIS
W3C IETF IEEE
ETSI Ecma OGF
IEC ISO ITU
CENELEC CEN
BSI UNI CEI
DKE DIN
AFNOR GIETS
LDTI

Open Source. Open Standard. Innovazione.

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Qualche punto di partenza...

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OpenNebula, standards-compliant, virtualized enterprise data centers

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Ubuntu Unity, desktop interface

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OpenClinic, electronic data capture (EDC) and clinical data management (CDM)

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OpenStack, cloud operating system

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Kitware, software process, scientific computing, computer vision, medical
computing, informatics, and data management
OpenDaylight, framework to enable the creation of innovative, transparent
software-defined networks (SDNs)

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ForgeRock, identity and access management

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Facebook Open Compute hacking the conventional computer infrastructure

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Hadoop, distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of
computers
Android, mobile platform

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...per arrivare a

Fonte IBM

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Ma come?

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API

No, non queste!

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API

API

Application Programming Interface

“In informatica, si indica ogni insieme di procedure
disponibili al programmatore, di solito
raggruppate a formare un set di strumenti
specifici per l'espletamento di un determinato
compito all'interno di un certo programma.

Spesso con tale termine si intendono le librerie
software disponibili in un certo linguaggio di
programmazione” (fonte wikipedia).

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API Economy

Le API sono considerate
il nuovo canale
(“business channel”)
per interagire con
partner e clienti
La API Economy è la
somma delle
“transazioni digitali”
tra le parti che ne
consegue.

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API per Enterprise e PA
Entro il 2016
il governo
USA renderà
tutti i dati
pubblici
“machine
readable”.
Entro il 2015
il governo UK
renderà i
suoi 25
servizi più
importanti
accessibili
via API.

Fonte MuleSoft

www.sourcesense.com


Come fare?

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Per fare la API Economy
occorre pubblicare una
API
Hai bisogno di una
strategia API (“API
Strategy”)
Scegli una piattaforma
che ti consenta di
connettere i tuoi asset ai
tuoi clienti (open source, open
standard... ricordi?).

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Riassumendo
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Web API: REST, XML, JSON, Oauth

API as a Service
API Management
Monetization: free, consumer pays,
consumer gets paid, indirect
API Integration
API Ecosystem
Trends: aggregation, reciprocity,
backend as a service, real-time
Opportunities: 3D Printing,
Automobiles, Home, Buildings,
Quantified Self

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Qualche esempio

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Esempio

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Luca Bonesini
Phone
Email
Web

www.sourcesense.com

+39 366 688.7125
l.bonesini@sourcesense.com
www.sourcesense.com


Licenze Open Source, API, interoperabilità, motori di una nuova web economy

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