The passage contrasts the Cowboy West and Industrial East during the late 19th century in the United States. It provides a timeline from 1857-1890s highlighting key events, people, and developments that characterized the changing landscape and society in these two regions during this period of expansion and industrialization. Major topics covered include westward expansion, the transcontinental railroad, industrialization and the rise of big business, conflicts with Native Americans, the labor movement, and social/political issues surrounding voting rights.

1. The Cowboy West
And The Industrial East
by Baker Lawrimore
http://www.forgecattle.com/Cowboy%20Up.JPG

2. Military
Homestead Act Political
During the 1860s, many men
wanted to go to move west Exoduster Social
due to its wonderful land. The
An African
Homestead Act gave 160
American who
acres of land for free to any
moved from the
member of a family that is
post-reconstruction
head of the household. From
South to Kansas
1862-1900 about 600,000
after the passing of
families took this offer and
the Homestead Act
moved west.
in 1862
1857 1862 1862 1864
Frederick Law Sand Creek Massacre
Olmstead
Most of the Cheyenne thought they
A landscape were under government protection
architect heading and returned to Colorado’s Sand
the movement for Creek Reserve. General SR Curtis
planned urban sent a message to militia Colonel
parks. Made plans John Chivington saying he didn’t want
for Central Park, peace until the Native Americans
NY City suffered more. On November 29th,
(Greensward) with Chivington & his troops attacked
Calvert Vaux. Also Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians
planned the killing over 150 people, mostly
landscaping at women and children.
Asheville’s own
Biltmore Estate. http://www.museumsyndicate.com/images/1/8307.jpg
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/homestead-act/images/homesteading-family.gif

3. The Grange
In 1867, Oliver Kelley Transcontinental Railroad
started the Patrons of
Husbandry as a social A railroad line running from
and educational outlet for the Atlantic to the Pacific
isolated farmers. This Coasts of North America
organization became completed in 1869.
known as the Grange and Because of the railroad,
fought against the time differences in the
Railroad industry in the country were noticed.
1870’s. The Grange People began considering
helped form farmer’s Professor C.F. Dowd’s idea
alliances and taught of splitting the earth into 24
members how to organize time zones.
to bring about change.
1864 1867 1869
Credit Mobilier
Formed by stockholders
in the Union Pacific
Railroad. Company laid
track and charged
approximately three
times the value and kept
the profits. Congress
investigated and
uncovered that the
company had stolen 23
million dollars.
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQdpwDNsW3RPtGpux3fe2AKWy81vloxW2ap8Zhj6d5aQskmffT3 http://www.icsm.gov.au/mapping/images/time_zones.jpg

4. Andrew Carnegie
Entered the steel business in
1873. Had risen from poverty
Jacob Riis and by 1899 the Carnegie Steel
Company made more steel than
A photographer, all of Great Britain. Used new
journalist and social techniques and equipment, Social Darwinism
reformer who hired talented workers, and Charles Darwin’s
exposed poor used horizontal and vertical theory of biological
conditions in integration to make a lot of evolution, applied to
tenements through money and to control the steel human laissez faire
his photography. industry. economics.
1869 1870’s 1873 Mid1870’s
Tweed Ring
William M. Tweed led this
group in a scheme using the
NY County Court House.
Taxpayers paid 13 million
dollars for the construction of
the Court House—10 million
more than it cost. Ring broke
up in 1871 when the public
found out about the scheme.
Tweed escaped from jail
during his second sentence
and was caught in Spain due
to a political cartoon by
Thomas Nast. http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQHVaoFe_X3EI8n-l193mJB4xixjnJT2fCJDs0Dif9Dd5yxrvgBgQ
http://explorepahistory.com/kora/files/1/2/1-2-60B-25-ExplorePAHistory-a0b9z8-a_349.jpg

5. George Armstrong Custer
After hearing Custer’s report of
gold found in the Black Hills in
1874, many people flooded to
Wyoming. The Native
Americans living there
protested against the large Little Bighorn
numbers of people. In June of
1876, Custer and his troops River
met Native American soldiers
at Little Bighorn River and
Custer and all of his men were
killed.
1874 1876 1876
Sitting Bull Battle of Little Bighorn
The leader of the Hunkpapa Native Americans under the
Sioux Tribe. He was a warrior, leadership of Gall, Sitting Bull, and
spiritual leader, and a Crazy Horse defeated American
medicine man. He led his troops led by George Armstrong
people with strength of Custer.
character and purpose. His
most famous battle was at
Little Bighorn River where he
killed George Armstrong
Custer.
http://previewmysite.com/purehistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/528a-MAJOR-GENL-GEO.-A.-CUSTER-BEFORE-
CUSTERS-LAST-STAND-c.-U.S.-ARMY-MILITARY-HISTORY-INSTITUTE1.jpg
http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRWDmAs6AMoVHsdq7AZKUGMNvGjr2Z02FiBi-VfKSINP_0Rwt9ykw
http://etc.usf.edu/maps/pages/5000/5060/5060.gif

6. Thomas Alva Edison
Established the first research Chief Joseph
laboratory in Menlo Park, NJ in
Succeeded his father
1876. Later, in 1880, he perfected
Tuekakas as the leader of the
the incandescent light bulb. He
Wallowa band of Nez Perce.
created an entire system for
He led them when the US
producing and collecting electrical
government forced them to
power. Because of Edison,
move to the reservation in
electricity became cheaper and
Lapwai, Idaho. They went into
more abundant.
hiding in Canada.
1876 1876 1877
Alexander Graham Bell
Created the telephone
with the aid of Thomas
Watson in 1876,
opening the way for
worldwide
communication.
http://www.google.com/search?
num=10&hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1280&bih=631&q=william+m+tweed&oq=william+m+&gs_l=img.1.1.0l6j0i24l4.1445.5268.0.7209.10.7.0.3.3.0.113.580.4j2.6.0..
.0.0...1ac.1._wwFqXkOPPc#hl=en&site=imghp&tbs=isz:l&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=alexander+graham+bell&oq=alexander+gr&gs_l=img.1.0.0l10.7034.10838.0.11935.12.6.0.0.0.0.168.867.
0j6.6.0...0.0...1c.1.ewhbeduD0EI&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&fp=b15210cd7281f7f3&bpcl=35466521&biw=1280&bih=631
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQmOGM9oyQR5TNqAPLgYqTcIKZALqH2ST4OCcbb_MNDtjDFLDfN

7. The Vanderbilt Family
Dumbbell Tenements
Shipped products Built in NY City after the
through the Railroad to Tenement House Act of 1879
make money. William
Nez Perce and before the second act in
Henry Vanderbilt II along
1901. The tenements looked
Native American Tribe with Cyrus W. Fields and like dumbbells because it was
indigenous to the Wallowa J. Gould formed a trust required for all living areas to
Valley. Fought what became with the Union Pacific,
have a window. Therefore
known as the Nez Perce war. NY Central, and there was a space between
The war was the result of their Lakeshore & the walls of the buildings to
pursuit by the US Army and Independence lines.
let air flow.
General Oliver O. Howard.
1877 1879 1879
http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT_LxXW55Rdcl4Cb8a9o-
Yh7Lpv5RCWMb3wXJ8SVbeBO-QL6cL5e-MCJHwDdg
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQUcFYIfzLLJr8uHkegGf_XzgMyR6gLfRwyGdLcClWAbUHiyXRC

8. Wild Bill Hickok Bessemer Process
Toured America in the Developed
1880s in William F. independently by a
Cody’s Wild West British man named
Shows. These Henry Bessemer and
performances helped American Iron maker
make western life a part William Kelly in 1850. In
of American mythology. the 1880s American
manufacturers used it to
make 90% of the nation’s
steel.
1880s 1880s 1880s
Poll Tax: An annual tax that had to be
paid in order to vote. Most African
Voting Restrictions
Americans didn’t have the money to on African
pay for it and couldn’t vote. Americans
Literacy Test: Only those who
Grandfather Clause: Said men could could read could vote. Some
vote even if they couldn’t pay a poll tests were written in a foreign
tax or pass the literacy test if their language, while others were
grandfather or father voted before simply made harder, in order
January 1, 1867. This let poor whites to stop African Americans from
vote, but left African Americans voting.
http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRtNsmRh-
behind because no black man could
dIW1eRUUycO7uyDeOEMzBBlf4Gpyb8LvP72bUevyLkuw vote before that date.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Bessemer_process_DMK.jpg

9. Ragtime
A mix of European music
forms and African
American spirituals
played in saloons in the
South. Scott Joplin
became famous because
of Ragtime music.
1880s 1880s 1880
John D. Rockefeller
Segregation
Set up the Standard Oil Company and used
Separation of black and
trust agreements as a kind of merger. His
white races in public
father tricked him a lot when he was a child to
institutions. Began
make him sharper. By 1880, The Standard Oil
around the same time
Company of Ohio controlled 90% of the
African Americans lost
industry. In the beginning he paid his workers
their voting rights.
very little and sold oil at a lower price than he
made it. Then when his competitors were out
of business, he shot up his prices.
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcTZIaN91RpuafEfMmKEK9vlNS2o7L4J2Ch19H5TpHElAOe-
YHUX
http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQWiBMou7Gpga4G3Uo-
_7jlV7KZjXsxzm7iurl-uRKi96QpRDJkTw
http://gdb.voanews.eu/DA551988-4C3A-4BEC-
8E2D-D6D375F7BC9C_mw800_s.jpg

10. 1881 1881 1883
Booker T. Washington
Assimilation Joseph Pulitzer
Believed racism would
end when black people Plan where Native Americans would Bought NY World
required more skills and give up their culture and become newspaper in 1883. He
proved they were useful. Americans. Many sympathizers created the large Sunday
He was born a slave but supported this even after reading edition, comics, women’s
graduated from Virginia’s Helen Hunt Jackson’s book a Century news columns, and
Hampton Institute. By of Dishonor. sports columns. He
1881, he was the head of competed with William
Tuskegee Normal and Randolph Hearst’s
Industrial Institute, now Morning Journal. By
called Tuskegee 1898, both papers’
University. circulations surpassed
one million copies daily.
http://t0.gstatic.com/images? http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSHO5nMba7_j95w-
q=tbn:ANd9GcSoW4OYs72aMA0Q26wT1nDGug0aJejJT0AzcVtlizt2z-vojMG3 VoLN7fITEAfjz4gSF1keBytDKz7ZdLtgXIz

11. Mid 1880s 1886 1887
Political Machine Hay Market Affair Dawes Act
An organized group that controlled On May 4th 1886, 3000 people Passed in 1887, this act was meant
political party actions in a city. gathered in Chicago at Hay Market to Americanize Native Americans. It
Received financial support by Square to protest police brutality. split up the reservations and gave
helping businesses and voters. Someone tossed a bomb into the 160 acres of land to head of
Worked like a pyramid. At the police line and seven officers and households and 80 acres to
bottom there were precinct several workers died. Police turned unmarried adults. Government was
captains and ward captains and at against unions. supposed to sell remaining land to
the top was the city boss. settlers and give the money to the
Native Americans. However the
Government did do this.
http://t2.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcQei5Kmrnij_K4rztdBXu3NnTThxRG9iB5ePmjpSlEMcHUDJCnm

12. Late 1880s 1888 1890s
Samuel Gompers
Soddy George Eastman
Led the cigar makers
A house made out of sod Developed an alternative union to join other craft
by pioneers in the west to heavy glass plates on unions in 1886.
that was warm in the cameras. Used flexible President of the
winter and cool in the film with a coat of gelatin. American Federation of
summer. They were In 1888, he created his Labor. From 1890-1915
small and offered little Kodak camera and sold the average weekly
light and air. There were it and a 100 picture roll of wages rose from $17.50
many insects and film for $25. to $24.00 and the work
snakes, and it leaked week went down from
when it rained. 54.5 hours to 49 hours.
http://t3.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcSjYcjIBsnCretHJ5z53zrDF7Ab4S7GnSZ8O01EEC5burlnSA-I3g
http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSV6OkPbjmZLxXwHdpg0e52qJgpDpVnqmN8F-
NVjgDqZsIhbtqLiw

13. 1890s 1890 1890
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Settlement House Wounded Knee
This act made it illegal in 1890 to
Community centers in slum On December 28, 1890, the 7th form a trust interfering with free trade
areas that gave assistance to Cavalry rounded up 350 Native between states or with other
people in the area, especially Americans and brought them to countries. Eventually government
immigrants. Many workers the camp at Wounded Knee. stopped enforcing it because the
lived in the house to learn Someone fired a shot and the consolidation of businesses
about the living conditions. soldiers opened fire with the continued.
They provided educational, canon. 300 unarmed Native
cultural, and social services. Americans were killed in
Charles Stover and Stanton minutes. This battle brought the
Colt created the houses in period of Native American war
NY. to an end.
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRlxzf7Kc3IRhZy85iDpVoUkwiiT-
ztJGnfZ3Hwq7hKgGfF7P71

14. 1892 1892 1892 1892
Scab Ellis Island Omaha Platform
Ida B. Wells
Strike breakers. One Immigrant inspection 1892 National Convention Born a slave, she moved
case was on June station in NY Harbor. of the Populist Party. to Memphis in the early
29, 1892 when the About 20% of the daily Economic reforms
1880s to be a teacher.
president of immigrants were detained included increase in
She became the editor of
Carnegie Steel for about a day. Two money supply, graduated a local paper with the
Company’s percent were usually income tax, federal loan persistent theme of racial
Homestead Plant in denied entry. Usually program.
justice in her reports. Her
Pennsylvania, Henry processing took about 5 theme became a crusade
Clay Frick hired hours. Those with health on March 9, 1892 when
scabs to work in problems were sent three African American
place of strikers. home. From 1892-1924,
businessmen were
17 million immigrants lynched in Memphis.
passed though Ellis
Island.
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRVUOe5u-yUNRzH-0LAknLFdhISErSYnVlNoMu73UnLfx5tXrx0
http://keyconversationsradio.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Ida-B-Wells.jpg

15. 1894 1894 1896
Pullman Strike
Eugene V. Debbs After the Panic of 1893, Bimetallism
Attempted to form the Pullman company An issue in the 1896
American Railway Union laid off 3000 out of their election, this was a
(ARU). Most members 5800 employees. It also monetary system where
were unskilled or semi- cut pay by 25-50% and the government gives
skilled laborers. In 1894, after paying rent, workers citizens either gold or
the new union won a took home less than six silver in exchange for
strike for higher wages. dollars a week. A strike paper currency or
In two months it had was called in 1894 and it checks. People who
150,000 members. It became violent. Many believed in this—mostly
ended up failing after a strikers were fired. farmers or laborers--
large strike. Eugene Debbs was were called silverists.
jailed. The ARU
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSagDLSxYrbH_dFd_c6- boycotted Pullman cars.
R5dRAj6aPcZdHfqd6-0oAgpBXPdZ65m

16. Plessy vs. Ferguson
A Supreme Court case testing
segregation’s constitutionality. The
Court found that separation of races
in public accommodations—as long
as they were “separate, but equal,”--
did not violate the 14th amendment. It
allowed segregation to go on for 60
more years. The case was
overturned by Brown vs. Board of
Education in 1954.
1896 1896 1896 1896
William McKinley William Jennings Bryan Cross of Gold Speech
Republican candidate Democratic candidate Speech made by William
for the 1896 presidential for the 1896 presidential Jennings Bryan at the
election. He had election. He gave the Democratic National Convention
millions of funds Cross of Gold speech. in 1896. Speech condemned the
backing him. He was He believed in the free gold standard saying, “You shall
firmly committed to the silver economy. He not press down upon the brow of
gold standard. He won campaigned in 27 labor this crown of thorns, you
the campaign with 7 states sometimes shall not crucify mankind upon a
million votes. making 20 speeches a cross of gold.”
day. He got 6.5 million
votes and lost the
election.
http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQOGJf-QGP7DFLVQLp0p08Olkwtab53SFgYwdpv3AcA6lbJMjA0
http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ5d3ofGTGf5_htsBCbMWknvgEVHDfptLf8ayXnsyiWxMYRe-JR

17. Late 1890s 1898 1901
Monopoly
William Randolph Hearst
Vaudeville
A single business with complete
Main competitor of
A form of entertainment control over the industry’s production.
Joseph Pulitzer and the
in which people It can determine wages and prices.
NY World. He purchased
performed songs, dance, One way to create a monopoly is to
the NY Morning Journal
comedy, juggling, and create a holding company to buy out
in 1895. He wrote about
female chorus lines. Was all competitors. US Steel was one of
exaggerated tales and
consider an American the most successful holding
invention because it scandals. By 1898, the
companies, buying out Carnegie
competing papers sold
offered something to Steel in 1901.
one million copies a day
attract everyone.
each.
http://www.thepeoplesayproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/vaudeville2.jpg
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQtedFJaIYjtpIjAS9NiMXqMGWHJsrYr8IAa16to-hHyA2-cxhDjQ

18. 1903 1905 1905
Socialism
Orville and Wilbur Wright
W.E.B. Dubois
A political system that promotes
Started as bike makers in
equal distribution of wealth and First African American to
Dayton, Ohio. Made their
communal ownership. Advocated by receive doctorate from
own glider with a 40’4”
German philosopher Karl Marx. The Harvard. He strongly
wingspan and a four
Industrial Workers of the World disagreed with Booker T.
cylinder internal
(IWW) was started in 1905 by Washington’s belief that
combustion engine. They
socialist William “Big Bill Haywood.” racism would end over
made their first flight on time. In 1905, he founded
December 17, 1903, at the Niagara Movement
Kitty Hawk, NC. They which believed blacks
traveled 120 feet in 12
should seek a liberal arts
seconds. education so that African
http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTZzIgcuWN-_E4nAJ09SCuh8_y_jQ-djE2qHaYF40Scsnr1toXn Americans would have
http://www.biography.com/imported/images/Biography/Images/Profiles/D/W.E.B.-Du-Bois- educated leadership.
9279924-1-402.jpg

19. 1910 1910 1911
Angel Island Mail Order Catalog Debt Peonage
Asian immigrants to America came to Montgomery Ward and Mexicans and African Americans
the inspection station at Angel Island Sears Roebuck brought were forced into this system. It was a
off the coast of San Francisco. retail merchandise to system that bound laborers into
50,000 Chinese immigrants came small towns through their slavery in order to work off the debt of
through Angel Island between 1910 mail order catalogs which an employer. In 1911, it was declared
and 1940. pictured items for sale. a violation of the 13th amendment.
By 1910, 10 million
Americans shopped by
mail.
http://t0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcRMGTWDGp9Wmh0W5acR0_fvHozhaA2pvIQesz4Dhnc64UnHZaJE

20. http://www.forgecattle.com/Cowboy%20Up.JPG