Automatic data capture

Automatic Data Capture:
Bar Code Technology

Presented by:

LavaKush Verma
M.C.A. 2nd Year
Roll No. 770057
KIIT University,
Bhubaneswar © lavakush2oct.kiit@gmail.com

Structure

 Automatic Data Capturing
 Bar codes and its types
 UPC bar code
 Working of UPC bar code
 How to decode a UPC bar code
 Devices used for Auto-ID
 Benefits of using Bar codes
 Conclusion

© lavakush2oct.kiit@gmail.com

What is Automatic Data Capturing?

 Data input without key punching or typing
 An automatic Data identification technology
 Also known as ‘Auto-ID’
 Encompasses automatic recognition and recording of Data
 Data capturing is done by Bar code readers
 Bar code readers read encoded data in form of bar codes
 Used to eliminate the risk of human error


What is Bar code?

 Bar code is a predefined format of dark black bars and
white spaces
 Represents alphabets and numeric data
 Structured to contain specific piece of information
 Allows real time data to be collected accurately and rapidly
 Improves performance, profitability and productivity


Types of Bar codes
There are two types of bar codes :
• Linear bar codes
• 2-D bar codes

Linear barcodes 2D barcodes
Code 128 Data Matrix

UPC PDF417

Interleaved 2 of 5 Maxicode


UPC Bar Codes


What is UPC?

 "UPC" stands for Universal Product Code
 It is a standard for encoding a set of lines and spaces into
numbers to identify a product
 UPC bar codes were originally created to help grocery stores
speed up the checkout process and keep better track of
inventory
 But the system quickly spread to all other retail products
because it was so successful


Example of UPC…
 The UPC symbol has two
parts: The machine-readable
bar code and the human-
readable 12 digit UPC
number.
 BYG Publishing's manufacturer
identification number is the
first 6 digits of the UPC number
-- 639382.
 The next five digits are the
item number -- 00039
 Last digit 3 is known as a
checksum digit


How does UPC bar code work ?
 The last digit of the UPC code is called a check digit. It lets the
scanner determine if it scanned the number correctly or not.
The check digit is calculated for the other 11 digits, using the code
63938200039 from "The Teenager's Guide to the Real
World" as shown in the fig:-
1) Add together the value of all of the digits in odd positions (digits
1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11)
6 + 9 + 8 + 0 + 0 + 9 = 32
2) Multiply that number by 3.
32 * 3 = 96

How does UPC bar code works ?
3) Add together the value of all of the digits in even positions (digits 2,
4, 6, 8 and 10) .
3 + 3 + 2 + 0 + 3 = 11
4) Add this sum to the value in step 2.
96 + 11 = 107
5) Take the number in Step 4. To create the check digit, determine the
number that, when added to the number in step 4, is a multiple
of 10.
107 + 3 = 110
 The check digit is therefore 3.
 Each time the scanner scans an item, it performs this calculation.
 In case of any difference the scanner rescanned.


How is the price determined ?

 There is no price information encoded in a bar code
 When the scanner scans a product, the cash register sends the UPC
number to the store's central POS (point of sale) computer to look up
the UPC number
 The central computer sends back the actual price of the item at that
moment.


Example……

• Here manufacture ID is 049000.
• And product ID is 01134.


Different Number System
0 Standard UPC Number (must have a Zero-suppressed no)

1 Reserved
2 Random-weight Items (fruits, vegetables etc.)
3 Pharmaceuticals
4 In-store marking Retailers

5 coupons

6 Standard UPC Number

7 Standard UPC Number
8 Reserved

9 Reserved

How to decode the bars ?
 the first bar on the left is the thinnest bar or space
 The bars and spaces can be seen to have proportional widths of
one, two, three or four units.
 If you look at any bar code you can see examples of these four
widths in the figure.
 The start of any bar code is "1-1-1.“ i.e; black bar (bar-space-bar).


How to decode the bar? (cont..)
 Following the start code, the digits are encoded like this:
0 = 3-2-1-1
1 = 2-2-2-1
2 = 2-1-2-2
3 = 1-4-1-1
4 = 1-1-3-2
5 = 1-2-3-1
6 = 1-1-1-4
7 = 1-3-1-2
8 = 1-2-1-3
9 = 3-1-1-2


Decoding code 036000291452…

 The bar code starts with the standard start code of 1-1-1 (bar-
space-bar).
 The zero is 3-2-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar).
 The three is 1-4-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar).
 The six is 1-1-1-4 (space-bar-space-bar).
 The next three zeros are 3-2-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar).


Decoding Code 036000291452…
 In the middle there is a standard 1-1-1-1-1 (space-bar-space-bar-
space

 The two is 2-1-2-2 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The nine is 3-1-1-2 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The one is 2-2-2-1 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The four is 1-1-3-2 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The five is 1-2-3-1 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The two is 2-1-2-2 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The zero is 3-2-1-1 (bar-space-bar-space).
 The stop character is a 1-1-1 (bar-space-bar).

 Have fun decoding those 12-digit bar codes!!

Devices used in ‘Auto-ID’…
 Bar Code Reader (BCR)

 Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

 Optical Mark Reader (OMR)

 Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)

And many more……..


Benefits of Bar Codes…

 Data collection is.....
 Fast
 Accurate
 Cost effective
 Efficient
 Reduces risk of human error
 Represent unique identity of a product
 Labour savings by avoiding manual system


Conclusion

Bar code technique is the best way
• For speedy checkouts
• error free data collection

For an organization
“ USE BAR CODES TO GROW IN AN INDUSTRY”


Any Questions?????


Automatic data capture

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