different terms in photography explained in detail with images.

1. Terms of photography

2. Shutter speed
Shutter speed, also known as “exposure time”, stands
for the length of time a camera shutter is open to
expose light into the camera sensor. If the shutter speed
is slow, it can create an effect called “motion blur”,
where moving objects appear blurred along the
direction of the motion. This effect is used quite a bit in
advertisements of cars and motorbikes, where a sense
of speed and motion is communicated to the viewer by
intentionally blurring the moving wheels. If the shutter
speed is fast, it can help to freeze action completely.

3. ISO
ISO is how sensitive a camera is to light, which changes
the sharpness of a photograph. the lower the number
the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer
the grain. Higher ISO settings are generally used in
darker situations to get faster shutter speeds. This is
not on digital cameras, it only is on older cameras.
High ISO PhotographyLow ISO Photography

4. Aperture and depth of field
A camera can only focus its lens at a single point, but
there will be an area that stretches in front of and
behind this focus point that still appears sharp.
This zone is known as the depth of field. It's not a
fixed distance, it changes in size and can be
described as either 'shallow' (where only a narrow
zone appears sharp) or deep (where more of the
picture appears sharp).
Wide depth of a field Narrow depth of a field

5. Manual exposure
The M mode, the aperture and shutter speed can be
Altered. By turning the main dial on your camera,
you can Adjust the shutter speed. The aperture
remains the same. Using manual exposure mode is
key when you need to ensure each shot looks the
same as the last, such as for studio work, timelapses,
high speed photos or even for long exposure
photography. Manual mode gives you control over
the three variables that make up exposure: shutter
speed, aperture and ISO. Shutter speed controls how
long the shutter is open for, aperture controls how
much light gets through the lens, and ISO controls
the sensitivity of the camera. The three settings are
all connected, so if you change the ISO and the
aperture, chances are you’ll need to change the
shutter speed too.

6. Colour balance
In photography and image processing, color balance
is the global adjustment of the intensities of the
colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors).
An important goal of this adjustment is to render
specific colors – particularly neutral colors – correctly.
Hence, the general method is sometimes called gray
balance, neutral balance, or white balance. Color
balance changes the overall mixture of colors in an
image and is used for color correction. Generalized
versions of color balance are used to correct colors
other than neutrals or to deliberately change them
for effect.

7. White balance
White balance (WB) is the process of removing
unrealistic color casts, so that objects which
appear white in person are rendered white in
your photo. Proper camera white balance has
to take into account the "color temperature" of
a light source, which refers to the relative
warmth or coolness of white light. The White
Balance setting you choose will change the
colour balance in your pictures, making it
warmer or cooler depending on how the sort
of light you're shooting in affects things.
Using Auto White Balance is the simple option,
but your camera's White Balance presets give
you more control over colour.

8. composition
The term “composition” applies not only to visual arts, but to music,
dance, literature and virtually any other kind of art. In certain contexts,
such as writing, this term may not be as widely used, but is just as valid
nonetheless. In general, the term “composition” has two distinctive,
yet related meanings.
First and foremost, “composition” describes placement of relative
objects and elements in a work of art. Consequently, composition is a
key aspect of a good work of art. There is hardly a way to
overemphasize the importance of composition. Any aspiring artist
ought to give composition of his work a lot of attention. A good
composition is one that has just enough detail. Too few elements is bad
because it robs the work of art of necessary detail that makes correct
interpretation possible. It also ruins the balance of an image. And too
many elements can be very distracting as well. Good composition
requires good balance. It is best to make sure all the elements present
are necessary for the idea or story you are trying to pass on.
In some cases, composition can mean the work of art itself and is a
synonymous to that term. For example, when talking about a specific
installation or dance, a phrase “This composition…” can be used. Such
a definition also widely applies to music (creators of which are known
as composers) and paintings.

9. Rule of thirds
The rule of thirds is a "rule of thumb" or guideline
which applies to the process of composing visual
images such as designs, films, paintings, and
photographs . The guideline proposes that an image
should be imagined as divided into nine equal parts
by two equally spaced horizontal lines and two
equally spaced vertical lines, and that important
compositional elements should be placed along
these lines or their intersections . Proponents of the
technique claim that aligning a subject with these
points creates more tension, energy and interest in
the composition than simply centering the subject.

10. Analogous colours
Analogous colors are groups of three colors that are
next to each other on the color wheel, with one being
the dominant color, which tends to be a primary or
secondary color, and a tertiary. Red, orange, and red-
orange are examples.
The term analogous refers to having analogy, or
corresponding to something in particular. An analogous
color scheme creates a rich, monochromatic look.It is
best used with either warm or cool colors, creating a
look that has a certain temperature as well as proper
color harmony. While this is true, the scheme also lacks
contrast and is less vibrant than complementary
schemes.

11. Complementary colours
Complementary colours are pairs of colors
which, when combined, cancel each other out.
This means that when combined, they produce
a grey-scale color like white or black. When
placed next to each other, they create the
strongest contrast for those particular two
colors. Due to this striking color clash, the term
opposite colors is often considered more
appropriate than "complementary colors".

12. Macro
Macro photography (or photomacrography or
macrography, and sometimes
macrophotography), is extreme close-up
photography, usually of very small subjects, in
which the size of the subject in the photograph
is greater than life size (though
macrophotography technically refers to the art
of making very large photographs). By some
definitions, a macro photograph is one in
which the size of the subject on the negative
or image sensor is life size or greater.However,
in other uses it refers to a finished photograph
of a subject at greater than life size.