2. 2 01/11/2012
What do we mean by CMC?
«communication that takes place
between human beings via the
instrumentality of computers» (S. Herring
1996: 1)
«all those activities in which the computer
is used for distance communication:
access to and transfer of
information, thematic conferencing via e-
mail, audio- and video
communication, etc. » (Trentin & Benigno
1997) CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
3. 3 01/11/2012
“instantaneous electronic communication
isn‟t just a way in which news and
information is conveyed more quickly. Its
existence alters the very texture of our
lives”
Giddens 1999
CMC will probably soon be more frequent
than F2F communication for many people
David Crystal 2001
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
4. 4 01/11/2012
“A pedagogy of networked computers must therefore take a
broad view, not only examining the role of information
technology in language learning, but also the role of
language learning in the information technology society. If
our goal is to help students enter into new authentic discourse
communities, and if those discourse communities are
increasingly located online, then it seems appropriate to
incorporate online activities for their social utility as well as for
their perceived particular pedagogical value.”
Warschauer 2000 http://www.gse.uci.edu/markw/nblt-intro.html
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
5. 5 01/11/2012
CMC for Language
Production
Written production
Synchronous: text chat
Asynchronous: email, blogs, wikis, forums
Spoken production
Synchronous: Voip (Skype), video conferencing
Asynchronous: Audio-blogging, podcasting
Multiple modes – written, spoken, visual
One to one, one to many, many to many
Different degrees of anonymity
Local or global networks
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
6. 6 01/11/2012
Language Production for CMC
New „genres‟ important in their own right
No longer make comparison to traditional
written or spoken language
Multimodal language production
Multiple meaning making resources
Different rules for different
contexts/communities
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
7. 7 01/11/2012
Interaction and reflection
CMC has the unique characteristic of
merging both «the interactional and
reflective aspects of language» (1997, p.
472) in a single medium since online users
can now socialize, interact, exchange
ideas as well as share, store, revise and
edit content by means of written or
spoken CMC.
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
8. 8 01/11/2012
Some examples of
CMC tasks
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
9. 9 01/11/2012
Aswe look at the following tasks, we will
discuss pre- and post-task activities,
remembering what we have been
discussing these last two days.
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
10. 10 01/11/2012
Collaborative writing
Project Description
Your final project for this short, but intense, exchange will be to
create a collage of images, pictures, idioms, cartoons, etc. that
represent to the members of each group what it means to be a
global citizen who has intercultural communicative
competence, i.e. can effectively communicate with foreigners
in a foreign language.
Pre-Session Tasks
Although we have the saying “A picture is worth a thousand
words”, sometimes the picture is not necessarily easily
understood by all, so we‟d also like to ask you to create a sort of
„transcript‟ of your collage indicating the motivation behind
choosing particular images.
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
11. 11 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
12. 12 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
13. 13 01/11/2012
Synchronous text chat
Story writing
Students are given the beginning of a story and they
take it in turns to develop the story (Handa‟s surprise)
Handa put 7 delicious fruits in a basket for her best
friend Akeyo …
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
14. 14 01/11/2012
Discussion forum
Topicsare chosen for students to have a
debate on (these could be chosen
through a survey)
Forum is set up with prompts from Internet
sources.
Students write their opinions on the topic,
commenting on each others‟ opinions
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
15. 15 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
16. 16 01/11/2012
Survey
Students design and carry out a survey
using a tool such as Google Forms or
Survey Monkey, e.g.
Word Association
Situation Reactions
Sentence Completions
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
17. 17 01/11/2012
Blog writing
Asindividuals, or in groups, students
create and maintain a blog on a topic of
their interest
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
18. 18 01/11/2012
Group Blog Project
Aims of blog project:
to read, listen and write in English on a topic of interest to you and also related
to your studies.
to develop online literacies, such as evaluating websites, selecting sources, re-
presenting and paraphrasing information, writing for an audience, developing
critical thinking skills
For this project you will have to create a blog in groups of max. 4 people.
Choose a topic that you are interested in, and also relates somehow to your
studies. It could be a particular area or country, it could be an area of
European policy, it could be a cause you feel strongly about and want to
write about and even campaign for, such as public goods (like
water...), racism, poverty, media, it could be an aspect of life in Italy or
Europe, or how Italy or another country is viewed by the international press
(here's an Italian version).
Each group member should post at least one entry a week. Your posts can be
a personal commentary or reflection on the topic, a summary of information
from other sources (with links to these), applications of what we do in class to
the topic you are writing about.
Your posts can contain links to other websites, embedded videos and photos.
Make sure you do not use images with copyright. If you want to include a
picture on your blog, this is a good site http://compfight.com/ but remember
to select Creative Commons Licence.
Here's some advice on writing blog posts:
http://technorati.com/social-media/article/10-steps-for-writing-a-new/
Every week one group member will give a 2-3 minute presentation to the class
on the group's blog
Every week each group member should post at least one comment on
another group's blog.
Your blogs should be up and running by next week: 29th October.
ONE member of each group should send a comment to this post with a short
description of the blog, the URL of the blog andCALLing on group members.
names of Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
19. 19 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
20. 20 01/11/2012
Recording conversations
Students record a conversation together
in the lab using Skype and a Skype
recorder.
Based on a prompt such as: «The
government has suggested raising the
drinking age in Italy to 18. Discuss your
thoughts on this, why it is being done, if it
will work or won‟t work, alternatives, etc.»
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
21. 21 01/11/2012
Pronunciation
Students record a list of words that have
similar sounds.
plane could fought His/he’s
Train Would Taught Ship
Fame Should Bought Sheep
Spain Wood Caught Hit
came Good Thought Heat
Book Ought Mit
cook Meat
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
22. 22 01/11/2012
Online Intercultural
Exchange
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
23. 23 01/11/2012
What is Online Intercultural
Exchange?
In language learning contexts, OIE/telecollaboration is:
internet-based intercultural exchange
between two or more groups of language learners
from different cultural/national backgrounds
set up in an institutional context
with the aim of developing both language skills
and intercultural communicative competence (as
defined by Byram 1997) through structured tasks
(Belz 2003; Belz & Thorne 2006; O„Dowd 2006,
2007).
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
24. 24 01/11/2012
Different models of OIE
Bilateral, bicultural, bilingual exchanges
eTandem Learning
eTwinning
CULTURA (developed by MIT)
Lingua franca, global, topical exchanges
Guatemala Padova
iEARN
Soliya Connect Program
OIE «in the wild»
International discussion fora (Hanna and de Nooy 2003)
Gaming, fanfiction, (Thorne 2010)
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
25. 25 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
26. 26 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
27. 27 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
28. 28 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
29. 29 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
30. 30 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
31. 31 01/11/2012
Soliya Connect Program
What is it? A telecollaboration project which involves students in the West
and in the Arab and Muslim World.
What are the aims? “To provide a new intercultural generation of young
adults with the skills, knowledge and relationships they need to develop a
nuanced understanding of the issues that divide them.”
Who takes part? Designed for students in media studies, international
relations and conflict resolution. English as a foreign language students in
France and in Italy have also participated in the program as part of their
language courses.
Tasks:
Weekly synchronous discussions between students in Soliya‟s
multimodal environment
Individual blog writing and commenting on peers‟ blogs
Assignment 1: individual video editing project
Assignment 2: final reflective paper
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
32. 32 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
33. 33 01/11/2012
What is the impact of projects like
Soliya?
Students say:
“Soliya allowed me to open the box that I was living in for a
long time and see the world around me. It taught me never to
judge people according to where they live…It made me
discover my personality all over again.”
-female student, University of Jordan, Jordan
“Exchanging different views with people coming from so different
backgrounds was tantalizing me. Besides, I was conscious I had
always to learn more and more in an endless process. We are never
enough open minded we think we are. We should always improve
ourselves by facing new challenges and by accepting that our way
of thinking is not absolute. Our thoughts have to grow up with us
always by putting them under question. A good way to do it is
searching conversations and, of course, even some contrasts which
bring us to reflection. What a better occasion than Soliya?- Sarah Guth and
CALLing on Ethiopia
Francesca Helm
- Female student, University of Padova, Italy
34. 34 01/11/2012
Professors say …
“The Soliya program was phenomenal in terms of its impact
on the students' capacity to engage, learn, and quite
frankly, be transformed [...] Across the board, all of the
students displayed a heightened consciousness of the
diversity and multiplicity of perspectives. […] the aim is to
open up minds and spur young people to taking their
responsibilities as global citizens more seriously”
-Dr. Junaid S. Ahmad,
Lahore University of Management Sciences,
Pakistan
“It is fine to talk about theories about „engaging the
other‟ or „increasing understanding across cultures‟, but
Soliya puts the students on the front lines on intercultural
relations. They will learn more about themselves and their
place in the world in the Soliya sessions than in a
semester in International Relations classes.”
-Ambassador Cynthia Schneider, Guth and
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah
Francesca Helm
Georgetown University, USA
35. 35 01/11/2012
Benefits of telecollaboration
For Students: Development of FL
competence, intercultural awareness, electronic
literacies
For University Educators: Opening up of classroom
/ Authentic communication and project work /
Developing international network of collaborators
For Mobility Officers: Preparation for physical
mobility/ Alternative to physical mobility
For University Management: „Low cost‟
internationalisation strategy /CALLing on Ethiopia -up new
Opening Sarah Guth and
university partnerships Francesca Helm
36. 36 01/11/2012
INTENT
• Integrating Telecollaborative Networks into Foreign
Language Higher Education
• Financed By The European Commission - Lifelong
Learning Programme
• Co-ordinated by Robert O‟Dowd at the Universidad de
Leon, Spain
• 8 European partners (PH Heidelberg, Grenoble III,
Padova, Czestochowa, Groningen, UA Barcelona, Open
University UK)
• October 2011-March 2014
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
37. 37 01/11/2012
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
38. 38 01/11/2012
Where are partner classes located?
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
39. 39 01/11/2012
Afternoon – Day 3
Word Associations and Google Forms
Creating tasks with Hot Potatoes
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
40. 40 01/11/2012
Word association task
- compare the responses
- are they similar or not?
- What words appear more frequently in one
list rather than another?
- What words appear only in one list?
- Do these words generate positive, negative
or neutral associations?
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
Francesca Helm
41. 41 army 01/11/2012
ITALY GERMANY JORDAN USA ETHIOPIA
war, nation, war, Jews killing Strong peace
death Jews power Brave soldier,
safety, Conflict the power of forceful, uniform, gun
Afghanistan, weapons state brave America,
death Jesus just a name money Afganistan,
violenza "God's Liberation war, killing, Ethipia,
duty, chosen Power bombs, lugguage
courage, war people", security, death, rifle, troops,
today wars dead sea border Overextende force
are useless bible Japan d soldier,amunit
War Jews, israeli Army ion,regement
military, Muslims, killing people soldier,
organization, Christians in Gaza military, fight,
war Jerusalem War, war, occupy,
soldier,war trouble power,securit defeat,
Error difficult y death, fire,
uniform, subject for wound,.
general Germans bullet
Danger, territory,
exploitation security, unity
necessary war,
weapons,
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
camps,
Francesca Helm
group of
people,
ration
42. 42 discrimination 01/11/2012
ITALY GERMANY JORDAN USA ETHIOPIA
loneliness, blacks, Bush blacks and outcasting
ingiustizia attack, awful whites black,white,p
North, South segregation very bad Acts of oor
racism,violenc habits, thing hatred HIV, BLACK
e tradition, Destruction bad, AND WHITE,
ignorance rights USA, Israel unnecessary MALE AND
prejudice prejudice black, immigration, FEMALE
Racism-Sexual happens to Muslims Colombia aparthied,
apartheid often black and police, anti- racism,
racism mobbing, white semitism, segregation
immigrants prejudices United genocide racism,color,r
age, being gay/ Nations unjust eligious
nationality women the worst race, color,
gender Nazi regime, thing----bad oppress,
immigrants, Martin people ----- stigmatise,
women Luther King vanity- bias,
social and stupid, inequality,
economic one understandi differenciatio
Stadium ng n
Women Blacks conflict,
Weak injustice,
immorality
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
bias,Francesca Helm
stereotyping,
women, HIV-
AIDD
43. 43 individualism 01/11/2012
ITALY GERMANY JORDAN USA ETHIOPIA
solitude extraordinary, good being original selfishness
identity,own strange not bad very good America, Europe
ideas moral, society, it causes bad Uniqueness selfish,
community freedom imprestion creative american, no
loneliness no joy fake every one do searching, culture, hard
Solitude-Mind personal what he or she finding, work
egoismo characteristics want believing egocentrism,
selfishness character self-reliance me, personality greed, hoard
loneliness freedom Bad Autonomy egoism,selfishlne
what I want to important freedom, ss,personality
be uniqueness selfishness selfishness,
ideologia libertà being myself, myself rudeness,
Independent, being friends with no cooperation unfriendly,
social position myself isolation, grief competition
autonomy,indep identity, variety, modernization,
endence important not to educatio
Evil lose loss of culture,
our society self-confidence, greediness,
makes problems doing whatever selfishness,
freedom, you want greed
choose important self-centerdness,
modern society freedom, choice, unsociable, etc
CALLing on Ethiopia - Sarah Guth and
West otherness selfishness,greed
Francesca Helm
Widespread ambition, y
Downfall originality selfishness,
capitalism, rich,
