The document summarizes the key components and functions of the digestive system. It describes the digestive tract as a long twisting tube starting at the mouth and ending at the anus. It then discusses the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and pancreas. The liver produces bile and filters toxins from the blood. The stomach stores, breaks down, and mixes food before slowly emptying it into the small intestine. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile from the liver to aid in digestion. The pancreas produces hormones like insulin that regulate blood sugar and enzymes that help break down food.

1. The Digestive system
Bio 120
Kun Li
10/22/2014

2. General of the Digestive system
The digestive tract is a long twisting tube
that starts at the mouth and ends at the
anus.
Digestion is the complex process of
turning the food you eat into nutrients
The digestion process also involves
creating waste to be eliminated.

3. Four terms of the digestive system
Liver
Stomach
Gallbladder
Pancreas

4. Structure of Liver
 Lies in the upper
right quadrant
 Four primary
lobes:
1. Right lobe
2. Left lobe
3. Caudate lobe
4. Quadrate

5. Function of Liver
 produces bile for the break down of fats
 converts glucose (sugars) to glycogen (stored sugar)
 filters harmful substances from the blood such as alcohol
 storage of vitamins and minerals (Vitamin A, D, E, & K)
 responsible for producing cholesterol. produces about 80% within the
body.
 matures red blood cells

6. Stomach
 Lies in upper left quadrant
 A temporary “ storage
tank”

7. Function of Stomach
 Storing the food we eat.
 Breaking down the food into a liquidly mixture called chyme.
 Mixing enzymes which is are chemicals that break down
food.
 Slowly empties that liquidly mixture into the small intestine.

8. Gallbladder
Location: Inferior
margin of the liver
 A thin-walled green
muscular sac

9. Function of Gallbladder
The gall bladder stores and concentrates
bile from the liver
 Releases bile into the small intestine
(duodenum) to further digest food there.

10. Pancreas
Location: most of
pancreas lies deep to
the greater curvature
of the stomach.
 Shape: Tadpole-shaped
gland

11. Function of Pancreas
 Endocrine function:
produce the hormones insulin and glucagon.
 Insulin:
1. lowering blood sugar levels and allowing the body’s
cells to use glucose for energy.
2. Insulin is released after eating protein and especially
after eating carbohydrates, which increase glucose
levels in the blood.