Mais conteúdo relacionado Semelhante a Chapter 11 (20) Chapter 113. CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES
In this chapter, you will learn to:
identify the basic components of an essay,
recognize the differences between a topic
sentence and a thesis statement, and
write a multi-paragraph essay containing
sufficient supporting details and effective
transitions.
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4. WHAT IS AN ESSAY?
You write an essay when you have more to say
than can be covered in one paragraph.
An essay has a main point, called a thesis,
supported by subpoints.
The subpoints are the topic sentences.
Each paragraph in the body, or main part, of the
essay has a topic sentence.
Comparing the Single Paragraph and the Essay
Similarities and differences
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5. ORGANIZING AN ESSAY
When you write an essay, the thesis is the
focus.
Other important points that relate to the thesis
are in topic sentences.
An essay contains the following:
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
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6. ORGANIZING AN ESSAY
Writing the Thesis
Several Characteristics of a thesis:
1. It is expressed in a sentence. A thesis is not the
same as the topic of the essay or the title of the
essay.
2. A thesis does not announce; it makes a point
about the subject.
3. A thesis is not too broad.
4. A thesis is not too narrow.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
7. ORGANIZING AN ESSAY
Hints for Writing a Thesis
Your thesis can mention the specific subpointsof
your essay.
You can make a point without listing your
subpoints.
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8. WRITING THE ESSAY IN STEPS
Prewritingan Essay—how to generate and
develop ideas for your essay
Planning an Essay—how to organize your ideas
for your essay
Drafting and Revising an Essay—how to create,
revise, and edit rough drafts of your essay
Proofreading an Essay—how to proofread and
make one final check of your essay
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
9. PREWRITING AN ESSAY
Begin by narrowing a topic.
Listing Ideas
Brainstorm, freewrite, or list ideas
Clustering the Ideas
Clustering related items will make it easier to see
connections between ideas.
Give the clusters a subtitle that helps move toward a
focus for each body paragraph of the essay.
Once you have a thesis and a list of details, you can
begin working on the planning part of the essay.
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10. PLANNING AN ESSAY
Draft an outline
The Structure of a Formal Outline
Hints for Outlining
1. Check the topic sentences.
2. Include enough details.
3. Stay on one point.
Revisiting the Prewriting Stage
Checklist for Revising the Outline of an Essay
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11. DRAFTING AND REVISING AN ESSAY
Start by writing a first draft that includes the
introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
Writing the Introduction
Where Does the Thesis Go?
The thesis should appear in the introduction of
the essay, in the first paragraph.
Generally, the thesis is the last sentence in the
introductory paragraph.
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12. DRAFTING AND REVISING AN ESSAY
Hints for Writing the Introduction
1. You can begin with some general statements that
gradually lead to your thesis.
2. You can begin with a quotation that smoothly leads to
your thesis.
3. You can tell a story as a way of leading into your thesis.
4. You can explain why this topic is worth writing about.
5. You can use one or more questions to lead into your
thesis.
6. You can open with a contradiction of your main point as
a way of attracting the reader’s interest and leading to
your thesis.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
13. DRAFTING AND REVISING AN ESSAY
Writing the Body of the Essay
In the body, the paragraphs explain, support, and
develop your thesis.
Each paragraph has its own topic sentence.
It focuses the sentences in the paragraph.
It makes a point connected to the thesis.
Checklist for Topic Sentences of an Essay
How Long Are the Body Paragraphs?
Try to make body paragraphs at least seven
sentences long.
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14. DRAFTING AND REVISING AN ESSAY
Developing the Body Paragraphs
Work through the stages of gathering ideas,
outlining, drafting, revising, editing, and
proofreading.
Checklist for Developing Body Paragraphs for an
Essay
Writing the Conclusion
Last paragraph of the essay.
Strategies for writing the conclusion:
1. You can restate the thesis in new words.
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15. DRAFTING AND REVISING AN ESSAY
2. You can make a judgment, valuation, or
recommendation.
3. You can conclude by framing your essay.
Revising the Draft
Checklist for Revising the Draft of an Essay
Transitions Within Paragraphs
INFO BOX: Common Transitions Within a Paragraph
Transitions Between Paragraphs
A Draft Essay
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
16. PROOFREADINGAN ESSAY
Creating a Title
The Final Version of an Essay
Lines of Detail: A Walk-Through Assignment
Topics for Writing an Essay
Topics for Critical Thinking and Writing
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17. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A PART OF THE ESSAY?
A. introduction
B. review
C. conclusion
D. body
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18. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A COMPONENT OF THE ESSAY?
A. introduction
B. review
C. conclusion
D. body
identify the basic components of an essay
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19. THE MAIN POINT OF AN ESSAY IS CALLED
A. a thesis.
B. a topic sentence.
C. subpoints.
D. a title.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
20. THE MAIN POINT OF AN ESSAY IS CALLED
A. a thesis.
B. a topic sentence.
C. subpoints.
D. a title.
recognize the differences between a topic sentence
and a thesis statement
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
21. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXAMPLE OF A THESIS?
A. Working as a nurse has changed my character.
B. I have learned empathy.
C. I have learned patience.
D. I have learned to be kind.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
22. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXAMPLE OF A THESIS?
A. Working as a nurse has changed my character.
B. I have learned empathy.
C. I have learned patience.
D. I have learned to be kind.
recognize the differences between a topic sentence
and a thesis statement
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Notas do Editor Review chapter objectives. Discuss the essay.Shareexamples of both a single paragraph and an essay for students to compare. Discuss the organization of an essay. Discuss the characteristics of a thesis. Discuss the hints for writing a thesis.Share examples. Discuss the steps to writing an essay. Share an example of each step. Have students select a topic for an essay.Direct students to brainstorm, freewrite, or list ideas on their selected topic.Model clustering ideas and thesis development. Have students draft an outline for their essay.Discuss the hints for outlining.Direct students to use the checklist for revising the outline of an essay. Discuss the introduction. Discuss hints for writing the introduction. Discuss writing the body of the essay.Review the checklist for topic sentences of an essay. Discuss developing body paragraphs.Review the checklist for developing body paragraphs for an essay.Discuss writing the conclusion. Discuss revising the draft, transitions within paragraphs, and transitions between paragraphs.Share an example of an essay draft. Discuss how to create a title.Share the final version of an essay.Review Lines of Detail, Topics for Writing, and Topics for Critical Thinking and Writing sections.Assign an essay for students to write independently. Allow students to self-select the topic for their essay.