3. INDIA
Indian’s Vernacular
Architecture
South Asia
is the informal, functional
architecture of structures, often in
rural areas of India, built of local
materials and designed to meet the
needs of the local people.
It has been estimated that
worldwide close to 90% of all
building is vernacular.
16. PAKISTAN
NEO-VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
South Asia
This means to take the best features of
traditional architecture and combine it
with the modern requirements.
Most of the traditional architecture
originated on the bases (need and
availability)
19. Sri Lanka
South Asia
Sri Lanka can be affected by a
multitude of natural disasters such
as cyclones, minor
earthquakes, Tsunami, floods and
landslides. Although it is relatively
easier to avoid the sites prone to
floods and landslides, the built
environments must have sufficient
robustness against cyclones and
20. Sri Lanka
South Asia
Real examples are drawn from the
tsunami reconstruction activities
carried out in various parts of Sri
Lanka where alternative
materials such as Compressed
Stabilized Earth bricks and
blocks, rammed earth, chip
concrete block sand micro concrete
tiles have been used.
21. Sri Lanka
Building materials
South Asia
The present trend in the Sri Lankan
housing industry is to use
conventional building materials
such as bricks, cement sand
blocks, concrete and timber etc. for
permanent housing.
Earth can be used for
construction of walls in many ways.
22. Sri Lanka
Vaasthu culture
South Asia
Broad field of science, which
includes the construction of
houses, public, and religious
buildings as well as direct
surroundings.
It takes into the account of energy
flow, human health aspects and
color combinations that have best
effects on the residents of the
24. Sri Lanka
Vaasthu culture
South Asia
Avoiding bumidosa – land/soil
qualities that
Will make the construction faulty.
Comparing the horoscope and
designs.
Placing of doors and window accdg. To
the correct natural direction.
Placing the house to get the max.
sunlight and air.
Placing rooms accdg. To correct
28. Bangladesh
Traditional House of Bangladesh
Traditional Houses
represent the heritage of a
country and also reflects
traditional forms and
values, fundamental to the
culture of the people of that
country. It possesses distinct
characteristics as regards
planning, use of materials
29. Bangladesh
Traditional House of Bangladesh
Till now the housing in
Bangladesh remains traditional.
For centuries traditional house
has been using locally available
materials. It is only from that
late 19th century that traditional
house began to change in the
use of housing materials.
30. Bangladesh
Traditional House of Bangladesh
The full planning concept
has been developed by the
people according to need.
This traditional house has
been changed along with
time to fulfil the demand of
the user.
31. Bangladesh
Traditional House of Bangladesh
Almost all of houses in different parts of
Bangladesh were built with mud bricks.
The house forms, building styles and
materials used in construction had
significant variations in different areas
of Bengal.
Historically, bamboo had been the most
important building material for housing in
Bangladesh.
32. Bangladesh
Structural arrangement of traditional house
seven
types:
choushala, britighar , atchala, postaghar, dishala
bandh ghar, susthita ghar, and house of the tribal
people.
33. Bangladesh
Types of Traditional House
KUTCHA HOUSE: Which are
made of totally organic materials such as
bamboo house, mud house, jute stick and
catkin grass house, etc.
SEMI-PUCCA HOUSE: Which are
made of mixed with some organic and
inorganic materials such as steel
house, wooden house etc.
34. Bangladesh
KUTCHA HOUSE
• Walls: Organic materials like jute
stick, catkin
grass, straw, bamboo mats, etc. Split are
bamboo framing. In some areas wall are
made
by earth.
• Foundation: Earthen plinth with bamboo or
timber posts.
• Roof: Thatch-rice or wheat or maize
straw, catkin grass, etc with split bamboo
36. Bangladesh
SEMI-PUCCA HOUSE:
• Walls: Bamboo mats, CI sheet, Timber or
bamboo framing. In some areas wall are made
by earth. Sometimes part or full brick.
• Foundation: Earthen plinth; Brick
perimeter wall with earth infill; Brick and
concrete also use.
• Roof: CI sheet with timber or bamboo
framing.
44. NEPAL
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
With the great variation of topography and
natural environment and equally large
number of diverse ethnicity, rural
vernacular architecture of Nepal can be
Varied.
Permanent human settlements are
found only in those high valleys
where severe climate and terrain
are slightly mitigated by
permanent sources of water and
Micro climate conditions
46. NEPAL
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
Hilly
Stone is the most common
material used in construction
work. Since the temperature
in this area falls below
freezing in winter and 25
degree is not common in the
Hot months.
48. NEPAL
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
A typical dwelling has a
foundation of builders laid in
mud mortar.
Stone wall, half meter thick
has few openings set in
from the corners.
Verandahs are widely used in
hilly region.
52. NEPAL
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
Ceilings are low, to prevent
warm air from rising to a level
where its benefit will be lots.
Buildings are situated around a
courtyard which is protected
from the wind by building wall.