8. SAMPLE HYPOTHESIS TESTS hyp value sample mean stdev sample size for the mean REF =average() =stdev() =(n) NULL : Null statement ALTERNATIVE: Alternative statement test statistic (obs) =standardize(sample mean, ref value, std error(stdev/sqrt(n)) critical measure =normsinv(1-signif level/#tails) one-tailed or two-tailed? 1 |OBS| > CRIT? p-value =(#tails)*(normsidst(abs(obs))) -level 0.050 p-value < -level?
9. HYPOTHESIS TESTS hypothesized value sample mean stdev sample size for the mean 3.00 3.09 1.49 157 NULL : Men are better tippers than women ALTERNATIVE: Men are not better tippers than women test statistic (obs) .7540843 critical measure 1.6448535 one-tailed or two-tailed? 1 |OBS| > CRIT? no p-value 0.225 -level 0.050 p-value < -level? no ACCEPT THE NULL
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12. HYPOTHESIS TESTS hypothesized value sample mean stdev sample size for the mean 3.00 3.10 1.44 176 NULL : people tip more than the average tip at dinner time ALTERNATIVE: people tip less than the average tip at dinner time test statistic (obs) 0.94836 critical measure 1.64485 one-tailed or two-tailed? 1 |OBS| > CRIT? no p-value 0.171 -level 0.050 p-value < -level? no ACCEPT THE NULL