submersible pumps used in deep wells and oil fields

1. SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
By:
G.Krishna Vamsy

2. In 1928 Russian engineer
and inventor Armais
Arutunoff successfully
installed the first submersible
oil pump.
 In the mid 1960s the first
fully submersible deep-well
water pump was developed.
Inventor of the electric submersible
pump.

3. In his design, the motor was
ingeniously installed below the
pump to cool the motor with flow
moving up the oil well casing, and
the entire unit was suspended in the
well on the discharge pipe

4. A vertical type centrifugal pump close-
coupled to a small-diameter submersible motor is
termed as a submersible pump.
It is diffuser type vertical centrifugal pump.
Specially adapted to pumping water from tube
wells.

6. Constructional Details:
It consists of
Pump bowl
Motor assembly
Discharge column
Head assembly
Water proof cable to conduct current to
the submerged motor.

7. Electric Submersible
Motor:
It is longer than an
ordinary motor.
It may be dry or wet
type.
The electric cable
from motor to switch
board is water
proofed and sealed.

9. Pump Element:
Pumps with radial
flow impellers- low
capacities and high
heads
Mixed flow
impellers-for medium
capacity and medium
heads.

11. Diffuser:
After the fluid has left
the impeller, it is passed
through a ring of fixed
vanes(diffuser) that diffuse the
liquid, providing a more
controlled flow and a more
efficient conversion of
velocity head into pressure
head.

13. Before starting the pump the direction of
rotation should be checked.
The direction which gives more pressure
is chosen.
Permissible limit of sand-25 grains/cubic
meter of water.
The shutdown period of pump should
not exceed more than 2 weeks.

14. DO' S:
Always suspend the pumpset at least 3
meters above the bottom of the bore.
The pumps must be installed 1meter
below the water level surface.
Check the water quality before filling in
the motor.
Always check the cable joints and vertical
play after coupling the pump set.
Always use a good quality control panel.
Bending of cable must be avoided

15. DON' T:
Don't run the pump if any of the
following defects are observed.
 Water is sandy or acidic.
 If there is no water.
 If the problem of single
phasing arises.
Don't pull the motor with the
help of cable.
Minimum interval between the
start and stop of the motor must
be 1 minute

16. The capacity of the submersible pump is
determined by the width of the impeller and
diffuser.
The pressure is determined by the diameter of
the impeller, the speed and the number of
impellers.

21. APPLICATIONS:
In sewage and general industrial pumping.
In sea water handling and deep well drilling.
In oil wells.

22. ADVANTAGES:
Can be used in very deep wells where a long shaft is not
practical.
Unaffected by deviations in vertical alignment of well.
More efficient than jet pumps.
It can be used in places where above the ground housing is
inconvenient.
It can be used in wells of diameter as small as 15 cm.
Less noise.

23. Disadvantages:
Affected by seasonal fluctuations in water level.
It can run only on electric motor not on an I.C. engine.
Maintenance is difficult.
Higher initial costs
Problem of corrosion.

24. References:
http://aoghs.org/technology/electric-submersible-pump-inventor/
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=s7G3J7bKNNUC&pg=PA533&dq=submersible+pu
mp&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5jE-
Vb2zKtiOuATy1IDgAQ&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=submersible%20pump&f
=false
http://franklinaid.com/2007/09/25/what-makes-a-submersible-motor-different/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible_pump
NOTE:
READ WATER WELLS AND PUMPS BY A.M.MICHAEL, S.D.KHEPAR, S.K.SONDHI
FOR SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS ALL THE INFORMATION IN PPT HAS REASON IN THE
BOOK.

25. PULSOMETER STEAM PUMP

26. The Pulsometer steam
pump is a pistonless pump.
The invention was
inspired by the Savery
steam pump invented by
Thomas Savery.
Around 1890’s it was a
popular and effective for
quarry pumping.

27. OPERATION:
It operated by the direct action of steam on water.
The mechanism consisted of two chambers.
As the steam condensed in one chamber, it acted as a suction pump, while in the
other chamber, steam was introduced under pressure and so it acted as a force
pump.
At the end of every stroke, a ball valve consisting of a small brass ball moved
slightly, causing the two chambers to swap functions from suction-pump to force-
pump and vice versa.
The result was that the water was first suction pumped and then force pumped.

28. ADVANTAGES:
High efficiency
Compact form
Durability
Adaptability