Drones and Its types and How Drones works. Machines and mechanisms of drones system.

1. PresentedBy: Piyush
Mehar
DRONES AND
ITS
APPLICATIONS

2. OUTLINES:
WHATISDRONE
HISTORYOF DRONE
USE OF DRONE
TYPES OF DRONE
THE DRONE OPERATING SYSTEM
APPLICATION OF DRONES
ADVANTAGES
LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSION

3. A drone, in a technological context, is an
unmanned aircraft. Drones are more formally
known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV’s) or
unmanned aircraft systems (UAS’s).
Essentially, a drone is a flying robot. The
aircrafts may be remotely controlled or can fly
autonomously through software-controlled
flight plans in their systems working in
conjunction with onboard sensors and GPS
WHAT IS DRONE
?

4. HISTORY OFDRONE
The first generally used drone was a full-size retooling of the de
Havilland DH82B "Queen Bee" biplane, which was fitted out with a
radio and servo-operated controls in the back seat. The plane could
be conventionally piloted from the front seat, but, generally, the
plane flew unmanned and was shot at by artillery gunners in
training. The term drone dates to this initial use, a play on the
"Queen Bee" nomenclature.
In late 2012, Chris Anderson, editor in chief of Wired magazine,
retired to dedicate himself to his drones company, 3D Robotics Inc.
The company, which started off specializing in hobbyist personal
drones, now markets its solutions to photography and film
companies, construction, utilities and telecom businesses, and
public safety companies, among others.

5. • IN LATE 2013, AMAZON WAS ONE OF THE FIRST ORGANIZATIONS TO
ANNOUNCE A PLAN TO USE COMMERCIAL DRONES FOR DELIVERY ACTIVITIES.
OTHERS HAVE SINCE FOLLOWED SUIT.
• UNMANNED AIRCRAFT MUST REMAIN WITHIN VISUAL LINE-OF-SIGHT OF THE
REMOTE PILOT IN COMMAND AND THE PERSON MANIPULATING THE FLIGHT
CONTROLS OF THE SMALL UAS OR, ALTERNATELY, WITHIN VLOS OF THE
VISUAL OBSERVER
• UAVS MAY NOT OPERATE OVER ANYONE NOT DIRECTLY PARTICIPATING IN THE
OPERATION, UNDER A COVERED STRUCTURE OR INSIDE A COVERED
STATIONARY VEHICLE
• DAYLIGHT-ONLY OPERATIONS, OR CIVIL TWILIGHT (30 MINUTES BEFORE
OFFICIAL SUNRISE TO 30 MINUTES AFTER OFFICIAL SUNSET, LOCAL TIME)
WITH APPROPRIATE ANTI-COLLISION LIGHTING
• MUST YIELD RIGHT OF WAY TO OTHER AIRCRAFT

6. USES OF
DRONE
THEY ARE DEPLOYED FOR MILITARY APPLICATIONS BUT
ALSO USED IN A SMALL BUT GROWING NUMBER OF
CIVIL APPLICATIONS SUCH AS
POLICING,FIREFIGHTING,AND NOMMILITARY SECURITY
WORK,SUCH AS SURVEILLANCE OF PIPELINES.
UAVs ARE OFTEN PREFERRED FOR MISSIONS THAT ARE
TOO “DULL,DIRTY,OR DANGEROUS” FOR MANNED
AIRCRAFT.

7. TYPESOFDRONE:
1. Single Rotor Drone:
The most common
construction in rotary type
drone use to be multi rotor type
designs that have many rotors
for holding its position but in
case if single rotor model you
will find just a single rotor
inside. Another one will be a
tail rotor that simply assists to
provide control to the heading.

8. 2. Tricopter:
There are three different types
of powerful motors inside a
tricopter, three controllers, four
gyros and only one servo. The
motors are simply placed at
every extreme end of three arms
and each one of these is holding
a location sensor.

9. 3. Quadcopter:
When a multirotor is designed
with four rotor blades then it
becomes quadcopter. These
devices are usually controlled by
specially designed brushless
type DC motors. Two of the
motors use to move in clockwise
direction whereas other two run
in counter clockwise direction. It
helps to decide a safe landing
for quadcopter.

10. 4. Hexacopter:
Hexacopter will serve you for many
potential applications with its 6
motor mechanism where 3 work on
clockwise direction and other three
move in anti clock wise direction.
Hence, these devices are able to
gain higher lifting power as
compared to quadcopters. You need
not to worry about its mechanism as
it is designed to serve as an
extremely safe landing craft.

11. 5. Octocopter:
Octo means eight; so octocopter is going
to serve you with its powerful eight motors
and that send power to 8 functional
propellers. This craft naturally have much
flying capabilities as compared to units
discussed above and are also highly
stable. You can avail a stable footage
recording with octocopters at any altitude.
These devices find application in the world
of professional photography.

12. 6. Fixed Wing Drone:
Here is entirely different category
from all above units. There designs
are quite unique as compared to
commonly used multi rotor type
drones. You will find a wing on
them and they appear like
traditional airplanes

13. 7. The bottom line:
Most of the designs of drones available in market are
quadcopters because they are able to lift huge weight
without any additional engineering adjustment. It is the
most cost-effective solution to most of your needs.

14. According to Size
1.Very Small Drones:
They can be designed with a
common size range varying from a
large sized insect to a 50 cm long
unit. Two most common designs in
this category are: Mini Drones and
Nano/ Micro Drones. The nano
drones are widely used due to their
tiny structure and light weight
construction as they work like
essential weapons for spying

15. 2. MINI DRONE:
THEY HAVE A SIZE LITTLE BIGGER THEN MICRO DRONES
THAT MEANS WILL GO ABOVE 50 CM BUT WILL HAVE
MAXIMUM 2M DIMENSION. MOST OF THESE DRONE
MODELS ARE DESIGNED WITH FIXED WINGS TYPE
CONSTRUCTION WHEREAS FEW CAN HAVE ROTARY
WINGS. DUE TO THEIR SMALL SIZE THEY LACK IN POWER.

16. 3.Medium Drones:
This category of drones presents
heavier units but are lighter and
smaller then aircrafts. These drones
can carry weight up to 200 Kgs and
have average flying capacity of 5 to 10
minutes.
4. Large Drones:
Large drones are somewhat
comparable to size of aircraft and are
most commonly used for military
applications. Placed that cannot be
covered with normal jets are usually
captured with these drones. They are
main device for surveillance
applications.

17. According to Range:
1.Very Close-Range Drones:
They act like a favourite toy for most of the kids. They are able to
fly up to 5 Km with fly time of 20 to 45 minutes when equipped with
powerful batteries. Some of the most commonly used units in this
category are Raven and Dragon Eye.
2.Close Range Drones:
Such drones are able to fly up to 50 Km with a battery backup of 1
to 6 hours. As they can work for longer durations and can cover far
distances so they find their applications in surveillance missions.

18. 3.Short Range Drones:
They are little superior as compared to close range drones so are commonly
use for military applications. They are able to travel up to maximum distance
of 150 Km that means coverage is almost 100Km more than that of close
range drones. The estimated flight time for short range drones is 8 to 12
hours so they are useful for reconnaissance and spy applications.
4.Mid-Range Drones:
This category of drones is much powerful as compared to all discussed
above. They are well known as high speed drones that can cover area up to
650 Km. Mid-range drones are commonly used for surveillance applications
and some basic type under this category work for meteorological data
collection needs.
5. Endurance:
Here is the best collection of drones that has impressive flight time of 36
hours and can go up to maximum height of 3000 feet above sea level easily.
These drones are popular for high end surveillance applications.

19. According to Equipment
With Camera:
Most of action camera lovers and shooting experts love to buy drones
equipped with camera to capture classic shots at tough locations. The film
making industry is utilizing them commonly for movie footage.
With FPV:
FPV here stands for First Person Viewing- a very common application of
drones that are capable enough to record things like viewers are watching
them on real time basis

20. With GPS:
These units are gaining more and more popularity these days as
they are capable enough to capture location information on the go.
You can send this drone to record scenes at any fixed location as
they are highly stable and they will come home after completing task.
With Stabilizer:
Gyroscope technology is majorly developed for improving flight
capabilities of drones. Currently, device shave been designed with
six axis type drone stabilization features so that your device can stay
stable in air and can manage movements at steeper turns. These
devices can follow instructions instantly and will perfect impressively
for all shooting needs.

21. APPLICATIONS OF
DRONES Search and rescue – Drones are very useful in searching and rescuing
operations.
 Security – Many authorities use drones to protect people during various
emergencies. For instance, they are able to help coordinate a variety of
security operations and can preserve evidence alike.
 Inspections – Many systems such as power lines, wind turbines, and
pipelines can be checked by drones.
 Surveillance – A drone allows recording and monitoring from the sky, and
therefore, they are suitable to monitor public events, protests, or any
suspicious happening without being heard and seen. A great tool for the
police

22.  Science & research– They help scientists a lot in research works to
observe different occurrences in nature or a particular environment from
the sky
 Aerial photography & video – With a drone that is equipped with an HD
camera, you can take the fascinating photos and shot footage of great
quality from the sky.
 Surveying & gis (mapping) – Using multi-spectral cameras and laser
scanners, drones are able to create high-quality 3-D maps. Therefore,
they found applications in various areas, including remote sensing,
surveying & mapping, photogrammetry, precision agriculture, etc.
 Unmanned cargo system – Drones also serve in delivering of lightweight
packages and bundles of all sorts. This way, you can have a safe,
environmentally friendly and fast transport of goods by air.

23. ADVANTAGES OF
DRONES• Offers a Disposable Quality
• Creating New Jobs and Opportunities
• Versatility
• Boosts Productivity
LIMITATIONS OF DRONES
• Privacy Issues
• Drone Collisions and Property Damage
• Inexpensive Weapons
• Data Collection

24. CONCLUSION
IT IS OBVIOUS THAT DRONE TECHNOLOGY IS AN
IMPORTANT PART OF THE FUTURE OF WARFARE AND IS
SET TO BECOME A BIG COMMERCIAL INDUSTRY. THE FACT
THAT DRONES CAPABILITIES POSE A THREAT TO THE
LIBERTIES OF PEOPLE AROUND THE GLOBE IS ALSO
APPARENT. LEGISLATING ON DRONES NOW IS OF
PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE BECAUSE IT SETS THE
NECESSARY LIMITATIONS TO PROTECT RIGHTS AS
DRONES ARE USED IN THE FUTURE.
AN IDEAL POLICY FOR THE USE OF DRONES WOULD
INCLUDE MORE TRANSPARENCY, INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDIZATION AND COOPERATION, AND A SYSTEM TO
KEEP TRACK OF WHO OWNS DRONES DOMESTICALLY.

25. REFERENCE
• https://filmora.wondershare.com/dr
ones/types-of-drones.html
• https://thedroneindustry.weebly.co
m/benefits-and-limitations.html