Internal Medicine Board Review: Nasopharyngeal vs. Mechanical vs. Motility

1. Esophageal Diseases
Mechanical
Motility
Nasal regurgitation
Choking sensation
Vomiting
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Nasopharyngeal
Dysphagia to foods first
Liquids later
Dysphagia to solids and
liquids concurrently
Parkinson’s
Stroke
Myasthenia
Thyroid enlargement
Schatzki rings
Peptic strictures
Esophageal cancer
Diffuse esophageal spasm
Systemic sclerosis
Achalasia
Scleroderma
GERD  Barrett’s Esophagus  Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus
Cigarette Smoking  Squamous cell carcinoma of the Esophagus