6. Extends from the lid margin ( opening of
tarsal gland ) to the sulcus subtarsalis
Sulcus subtarsalis
◦ Marks the inferior edge of the tarsal plate
◦ Shallow groove situated 2mm from lid margin
Lacrimal puncta open in the marginal zone
7. Firmly adherent to the tarsal plate
Thin+transparent+highly vascular structure
Meibomian glands appear as yellow streaks
through the tarsal conjunctiva
8. Extends from the upper border of the tarsal
plate to the fornix
Loosely attached to the superior tarsal muscle
[Müller’s muscle] and so folds readily
Shallow grooves and elevations are called
Stieda’s plateaux and grooves
10. Thin, transparent & loosely attached to
underlying sclera
Permits the visualization of Conjunctival and
episcleral vessels
Separated from the sclera by episcleral
vessels and Tenon’s capsule
11. 3mm ridge around the cornea
Conjunctiva, Tenon’s capsule and episcleral
tissue are fused together
Strongly adherent to sclero-corneal junction
12. Joins the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva
Ducts of the lacrimal gland open into the
lateral part of superior fornix
15. Conjunctiva Number of layers Cells in the layers
Marginal
5 layered non-keratinised
stratified squamous
epithelium
Superficial layer: Squamous cells
Middle three layers: Polyhedral
cells
Deepest layer: Cylindrical cells
Tarsal and Orbital
2 layers of Stratified cuboidal
epithelium
Superficial layer: Cylindrical cells
Deepest layer: cuboidal cells
Fornix and Scleral
3 layers of Stratified,
squamous epithelium
Superficial layer: Cylindrical cells
Middle layer: polyhedral cells
Deepest layer: Cuboidal cells
Limbal
10 layers of stratified
squamous epithelium
Superficial layer: squamous cells
Middle layer: polygonal cells
Basal- cubical
16.
17. Also called Lymphoid layer
Consists of fine connective tissue reticulum in
the meshwork of which lies the lymphocytes
Not present at birth , develops after 2-3
months of life
18. Has Collagenous fibres + Elastic fibres
Thicker than adenoid layer except in the
Tarsal Conjunctiva
Lodges the Conjunctival vessels and nerves
22. Not true glands
Tubular structure which contains a few goblet
cells
Present in the folds of mucous membrane
present in palpebral conjunctiva between
tarsal plate & fornices
Resembles the Crypts of Lieberkuhn in large
intestine
23. Located in the scleral conjunctiva
Arranged in a ring around the cornea, near
the scleral junction
25. Provide a hydrophilic layer that allows for
even distribution of the tear film
Ensures tear film stability by reducing the
surface tension
Provides lubrication and protects the
epithelial cells of cornea and conjunctiva
26. Lie in deep sub - conjunctival tissue of the
upper and lower fornices
42 in number in upper fornix and 6 to 8 in
lower fornix
In upper fornix they lie between the palpebral
part of the lacrimal gland and tarsal plate.
27. Also called Glands of Ciaccio, larger than
Glands of Krause
Situated in the upper border of the tarsus
midway between the end of the tarsal glands
2 to 5 in the upper lid and 1-3 in the lower
lid