There are many environmental issues in India. Air pollution, water pollution, garbage, and pollution of the natural environment are all challenges for India. The situation was worse between 1947 through 1995. According to data collection and environment assessment studies of World Bank experts, between 1995 through 2010, India has made one of the fastest progress in the world, in addressing its environmental issues and improving its environmental quality.Still, India has a long way to go to reach environmental quality similar to those enjoyed in developed economies. Pollution remains a major challenge and opportunity for India.Environmental issues are one of the primary causes of disease, health issues and long term livelihood impact for India.
2. •Air pollution is the introduction of
chemicals, particulate matter, or
biological materials that cause harm or
discomfort to humans or other living
organisms, or cause damage to the
natural environment or built
environment, into the atmosphere.
3. • Gases that envelop the earth and are held here by gravity
regulates temperature.
MAJOR GASES ׇ
• 78% - Nitrogen
• 20.6% - Oxygen
• 0.934% - argon
• 0.035% - Carbon Dioxide
• Trace amounts water vapour (close to surface) 0.01% by
volume near poles to 5% near equator and many others
hydrogen, neon, helium, Krypton, ozone and methane.
5. AIR QUALITY INDEX
The AQI is an "index" determined by calculating the
degree of pollution in the city or at the monitoring
point and includes five main pollutants –
particulate matter
ground-level ozone
sulfur dioxide
carbon monoxide and
nitrogen dioxide
9. DO YOU KNOW?
Pollution exposure at home and work
is often greater than outdoors. The
California Air Resources Board
estimates that indoor air pollutant
levels are 25-62% greater than outside
levels and can pose serious health
problems.
10. Air Pollutants categories :
Two Broad Categories.
a) Primary:
Primary Pollutants are those released directly into
the air. Such as CO, NO2, SO2 etc.
b) Secondary:
Primary Pollutants are converted into other
compounds in atmosphere due to chemical reaction
with each other or photochemical reaction, e.g Smog,
HNO3, SO3, O3.
11.
12. •NATURAL SOURCES:- Forest fires, Volcanic eruptions,
wind erosion, pollen dispersal, evaporation of organic
compounds, and natural radioactivity.
13. HUMAN MADE
SOURCES
• Burning Fuels
(Mobile or Stationary)
•Power Plants
•Fertilizers
•Fumes from Paint
•Hair Spray or
perfumes
•Varnish
•Cleaning Products
14. HAZARDOUS HEALTH EFFECTS
Short-term effects include irritation to the eyes,
nose and throat, and upper respiratory infections such as
bronchitis and pneumonia. Other symptoms can include
headaches, nausea, and allergic reactions. Short-term air
pollution can aggravate the medical conditions of
individuals with asthma and emphysema. In the great
"Smog Disaster" in London in 1952, four thousand people
died in a few days due to the high concentrations of
pollution.
15. Long-term health effects can include
chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer,
heart disease, and even damage to the brain,
nerves, liver, or kidneys. Continual exposure
to air pollution affects the lungs of growing
children and may aggravate or complicate
medical conditions in the elderly. It is
estimated that half a million people die
prematurely every year in the United States as
a result of smoking cigarettes.
16. Negative impact on health:-
•Lung Damage
•Skin Disease
•Heart Problem etc.
17. Acc. To a case study the urban air
quality over the city LUDHIANA is
deteriorating with time. Corrective
measures need to be taken before it
becomes uncontrollable.in addition
to the industrial and vehicular
pollution, the agricultural pollution
due to burning of wheat and rice
straw should be checked because it
also creates tremendous pollution in
the atmosphere.
Department of Agronomy, Agrometeorology and
Forestry, Punjab Agricultural University
18. Global Warming
Global warming is an increase in the temperature of
the atmosphere near the Earth’s surface and in the
troposphere, which can contribute to changes in
global climate patterns.
19. Acid Rain
Also called acid precipitation or acid deposition, acid rain
is precipitation containing harmful amounts of nitric and
sulfuric acids formed primarily by sulphur dioxide and
nitrogen oxides released into the atmosphere when fossil
fuels are burned.
20. DRASTIC EFFECT OF ACID RAIN ON
OUR FAVOURITE SYMBOL OF LOVE
TAJ MAHAL
BEFORE AFTER
21. Smog
Fog that has become mixed and polluted with smoke . A
form of air pollution produced by the photochemical
reaction of sunlight with hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
that have been released into the atmosphere, especially by
automotive emissions.
22. Depletion of Ozone layer
Destruction of ozone in the ozone layer attributed to the
presence of chlorine from manmade CFCs and other forces.
The layer is thinning because ozone is being destroyed at a
faster rate than it is being regenerated by natural forces.
30. HERE’S TOP 10 POLLUTED CITIES
OF THE WORLD!
AHWAZ, IRAN
ULAN BATOR, MONGOLIA
SANADAJ, IRAN
LUDHIANA, INDIA
QUETTA, PAKISTAN
KERMANSHAH, IRAN
PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
GABERONE, BOTSWANA
YASOUJ, IRAN
KANPUR, INDIA
31. Air Pollution in India (Acc. To WHO)
• Ludhiana:- Ranks as the most polluted city in India
• Kanpur:- Second most polluted city in India
• Delhi:- Ranks third
• Lucknow:- Ranks fourth
• Indore:- Ranks Fifth
32. Few amazing facts about Air Pollution
• Air pollution affects kids more than adults because, for their body
size, kids breathe more air and spend more time playing outside.
• The health effects of smog have even been seen in dolphins living off
the coast of large cities. In a recent study, dolphins showed signs of
black lung disease, an illness usually found among coal miners.
• More hazardous pollutants are discharged into the air each year than
are released to surface water, ground water, and land, combined.
• Walking and bicycling are great ways to exercise and reduce air
pollution.
• Motor vehicles produce more air pollution than any other single
human activity.
33. FRIENDS WE STILL HAVE TIME TO SAVE OUR FUTURE…
WE HOLD THE POWER TO CHANGE IT….
JUST START FROM TODAY ! INFACT FROM THIS VERY
MOMENT ONLY …..!
