3. Exercise and nutrition directly affects muscle growth and is important
for every human being. Understanding how nutrition and exercise
affects the body will help one gain knowledge of how muscles work,
build strength, and help improve outer and inner appearance.
3
4. - My physical education and health teacher really made me think twice about
my health. They really pushed the students to follow good habits. I instantly
became a “health nut”.
- Ever since I watched “Super Size Me” my life changed. I want to change the
world one step at a time. I believe others would care for health reasons
especially the younger generation because each year the statistics for children
obesity rises.
- - eating healthier and exercising daily will impact my future so much and
decrease any problems
http://www.flickr.com/photos/xxrawrrachel/3669955417/
4
5. Understanding the body
Being aware of what you put in your body
Why become part of the growing epidemic– obesity?
Take it all in!
You are what you eat!
Don’t be part of the epidemic.
http://obesity1.tempdomainname.com/subs/fastfacts/obesity_US.shtml
5
7. extensive network of muscle and nervous tissue which is spread throughout
the body
It is controlled by the central nervous system (sends messages throughout the
body)
650 muscles active in the human body
40% of someone's weight
Without the muscular system, people cannot move and perform any type of
bodily processes which are essential to keep the body in working order
Most abundant tissue in the body
1.Skeletal: attached to bones by tendons – during muscle contraction, skeletal
muscles shorten, which causes tension on bones – requires nervous
stimulation to contract; main function is movement (voluntary- decide when to
move them)
2. cardiac: can contract spontaneously – heart muscle cells (located in the
heart)
3. Smooth : contain actin (structural protein of muscle that, along with myosin,
is responsible for muscle contraction) & myosin – involuntary contraction
(happens by itself) – located in blood vessel walls & in the small air passages
in the lungs (bronchioles) in the digestive tract, ureters & the intestine –
example: peristalsis- the movement of muscle cells in the intestine after the
consumption of food
7
8. 1 and 2.SPINDLE AND STRIATED SHAPED: Each type of muscle consists of
different types of cells (for instance, smooth muscle consists of spindle shaped
cells whereas skeletal and cardiac muscles consist of striated cells)
3. NUCLEI: all three types of cells contain nuclei –controls the cells
4. Weightlifting and other methods of building muscles do not increase the
number of cells but simply enlarge those already present
( Campbell – Reece 838)
(Fox 83)
(Campbell-Reece 1084-1086)
http://www.histol.chuvashia.com/images/muscle/myo-01.jpg
8
10. 1. Studies show being active lowers the risk of heart disease, stroke,
diabetes, osteoporosis, high blood pressure, and certain cancers.
Exercising boosts one’s mood, helps stress control, and helps maintain a
good weight
2. DON’T THINK YOU HAVE ENOUGH TIME
1. time needed for a good workout: 5 days in a week of a 30 minute
light workout such as walking or 20 minutes of a harder workout
such as running or sports for 3 days a week.
3. DO WHATEVER IT TAKES
1. Anything that gets you moving around counts as physical activity!
Activities like basketball, gardening, jogging, walking, dancing will
do!
4. WORKOUT BUDDY
1. Working out with a friend helps tremendously; motivating each other
to stay healthy!
5. PRINCIPLE
1. Think the F.I.T.T. Principle: F= frequency (how often you exercise);
I= intensity (how hard you exercise); T=time (how long you
exercise); T= type (what type of exercise are you doing) –
remembering this will help to keep the body challenged and
complete the workout—you’ll see results cardio endurance, body fat,
weight, and strength
6. CHANGE IT EVR 4-6 WEEKS
1. Once the body adapts to the workouts then add on to the F.I.T.T.
principal. F= adding one more day; I=adding on to the workout (if
walking then add a sprint); T= add 10- 15 minutes; T= change the 10
type of exercise (cycling)
11. 1. YOGA = means unite the mind, body, and soul.
2. Originated in India over 3,000 years ago
3. Not just stretching; yoga is about creating balance in the body by
developing strength and flexibility
Types:
Bikram yoga: known as "hot yoga.” practiced in rooms heated to more than
100° F and focuses on stamina and purification.
Gentle yoga: Gentle yoga focuses on slow stretches, flexibility, and deep
breathing.
Restorative yoga: allows the body to fully relax by holding simple postures
passively for extended periods of time.
Vinyasa/power yoga: improve strength, flexibility, and stamina. *most popular
in the USA
Benefits:
improves flexibility
strength
balance
stamina
reduces anxiety/stress
improves mental clarity
even helps them sleep better
(http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/exercise/yoga.html? 11
tracking=T_RelatedArticle)
(http://yoga.about.com/od/beginningyoga/a/benefits.htm)
12. Upward Facing Dog opens the chest and strengthens the whole body. Up dog
aligns the spine and energize the kidneys and nervous system.
1. From Table pose, slowly drop the hips forward toward the floor.
2. drop the shoulders down and back, press the chest forward and reach the
crown of the head up towards the ceiling.
3. Inhale and lift thighs and legs off of the floor by pressing the tops of the feet
down
4. Breathe and hold for 1-3 breaths.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/actionjackson/490883449/
12
13. Stretches and strengthens the whole body
1. wrists underneath the shoulders and the knees underneath the hips.
2. push back raising the hips and straightening the legs.
3. broadening the collarbones (Outwardly rotate the upper arms )
4. Let the head hang, move the shoulder blades away from the ears towards
the hips.
5. Engage the quadriceps strongly to take the weight off the arms, making this
a resting pose.
(http://yoga.about.com/od/yogaposes/a/downdog.htm)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/yogamama-co-uk/3794842708/
13
14. pose lengthens and realigns the spine and gently stretches the upper back,
arms, and shoulders.
1. From table pose, inhale and reach the tailbone up towards the ceiling.
2. Exhale and slide the hands forward to lower the forehead straight down to
the floor keeping the hips lifted over the knees. Let the chest sink down
towards the floor, feeling an arch and stretch in the middle of the back.
3. To deepen the stretch in the arms, shoulders and spine, straighten the
arms, lift the elbows off the floor, super glue the palms down and reach back
through the hips.
4. Breathe and hold for 4-8 breaths.
(http://www.yogabasics.com/backbending-poses/extended-dog-pose.html)
http://hillarysyogapractice.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/balaii2004shoot.jpg
14
15. Transition slide: what muscles are affected while walking, jogging, and running
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kenilio/4369856832/
15
16. Muscles Used While Walking
Calf muscles: (walking develops calf muscles) provides the upward and forward momentum
for the "pushoff" phase of walking (lifts the heel off the ground)
Tibialis anterior and ankle extensor muscles: run along the anterior side of each shin, raise
the toes and foot during the leg's forward motion (or "swing") phase. The muscles then lower
the toes and foot as the heel hits the ground.
Hamstring muscles: Walking's pushoff phase (hip extension) works the hamstring muscles in
the back of the thighs.
Quadriceps muscles: These muscles at the front of the thighs are used as each leg is
extended.
Hip flexor muscles: The hip flexor muscles lift the thigh forward in the "swing" phase of the
stride.
Buttock muscles: Rocking the hips during brisk walking works the gluteal (butt) muscles.
Abdominal muscles: walking with natural, upright posture can strengthen the abdominal
muscles.
Arm and shoulder muscles: These muscles are used when you pump your arms vigorously,
up to chest or shoulder level, while walking (the left arm swings forward naturally as the right
leg strides ahead, and vice versa).
(http://www.prevention.com/cda/toolfinder.do?
tf_type=walking_calculator&channel=weight.loss&walkingType_value=9&walkingType_text=&t
ime=30&weight=128&w_unit_walking_value=0&w_unit_walking_text=0&x=9&y=4)
(http://health.howstuffworks.com/walking-to-lose-weight4.htm)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ksimonsen/4339748164/
16
17. 1. Jogging helps build lean tissue, burn body fat and develop a flat stomach..
Also raises metabolism rate.
2. Jogging workouts are useful for bodybuilding and muscle-building, as they
strengthen and develop the bottom, hip, thigh and calf muscles. They work the
gluteal muscles in the bottom, the major muscles in the hips, the biceps,
muscles in the hamstrings; the quads and anterior calf muscles.
3. Primary muscles: quadriceps, hamstrings and calves Assistance muscles:
hip flexors, lower back (erector spinae), abdominals, obliques, shoulders and
upper back (the latter two groups are used as stabilizers while jogging)
(http://www.feebleminds-gifs.com/ani6.html)
(http://fitness-facts.com/cardio/39/?sport=Jogging)
(http://www.calorie-counter.net/muscles-fitness/jogging-build-muscle.htm)
17
18. 3 stages:
Support:
The initial stage of running involves one foot lifted from the ground and the
other remaining on the ground as support.
Ilio Tibial Band of the supporting leg
The lower back muscles
The abdominal muscles are all used to support the pelvis and keep
balance
The opposing leg is lifted by the
The Quadriceps
The Hip Flexors
Drive
The supporting leg becomes extended until the big toe remains on the ground.
To achieve this movement
The calf muscles
The quadriceps come into action
Recovery
Here the toe looses contact with the ground and
Hip Flexors
Hamstrings
Gluteal muscles
***notice sprinters have the greatest upper body mass of all the runners
This is because it is important in maintaining balance when running with the
upper body
here’s some physics for you; the more force exerted by the lower body,
the stronger the upper body needs to be (react)
18
(http://www.northdublintherapy.ie/running.php)
20. 1. For example, when a soccer player runs toward the goal, the hamstring
muscles are stretched each time a leg swings forward. This pre-stretch gives
the hamstrings a boost when they contract, rocketing the leg backward, and
thrusting the player toward the ball or the goal. Pre-stretching a muscle is a
great way to boost muscle power output, and save energy
2. reducing one's training for one to three weeks prior to competition - can
produce dramatic improvements in performance – tapering boosts competitive
efforts by increasing the elasticity of muscles (enhances the way in which
muscles use stored elastic energy)
3. Let your muscle adapt and gain muscle memory
4. Eat right; enough carbs and nutrients (for example the before track meets,
runners have a carbo load) you need all the energy you got so you don’t
break down
5. Sleep allows the muscles relax and strengthen
http://www.flickr.com/photos/dallaportfolio/375969264/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ronaldo_f_cabuhat/4094242415/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/virtualsanity/492721872/
(http://www.pponline.co.uk/encyc/0225.htm)
20
21. Recommended to stretch AT least 3 days in a week.
1. Warming up:
increases your heart and respiratory rate
boosts the amount of nutrients and oxygen delivered to your muscles
prepares the body for a demanding workout
makes it easier to burn calories
extends your workout
2. Stretching
an increase in flexibility and joint range of motion
doing it right; correct exercise posture
relaxed muscles
Stop if it hurts. Stretching should never hurt. If you have reached a point in your
stretch where it hurts, relax to where it feels comfortable and hold the stretch.
Maintain each stretch for 10–30 seconds. Holding a stretch for any less 10
seconds won’t do anything; you have to hold it to allow the muscle to lengthen. Avoid
bobbing. Bobbing or bouncing while stretching may damage the muscle you are
stretching. This damage may even cause scar tissue to form. Scar tissue tightens
muscles and can get in the way of flexibility.
Remember to breathe. Breathing is a necessary part of any workout, including
stretching.
3. Cooling down:
slow your heart rate to a normal speed
return your breathing to its regular pace
avoid stiffness and soreness of the muscles
reduce any risk of dizziness and lightheadedness
relax the muscles
(http://www.fairview.org/healthlibrary/content/stretch.gif)
(http://kidshealth.org/teen/food_fitness/exercise/stretching.html)
21
22. 1. Isotonic contraction: muscle contraction in which the muscle (shortening or
lengthening) changes against a counterforce, as in free opening and closing of
the jaws
2. Eccentric contraction: therapeutic technique involving the lengthening of a
muscle against pressure
3. Concentric contraction: movement accompanied by a shortening of the
muscle as in the lifting phase of a biceps curl
(http://content.answers.com/main/content/img/oxford/Oxford_Food_Fitness/
0198631472.muscle-contraction.1.jpg)
22
23. Lifting = looking like the incredible hulk?
Technique
Don’t go crazy
Combine exercises
1. Toning = the restoration of muscle and the simultaneous decrease of fat.
combination of weight training, aerobic exercise and good eating habits are most effective for fat loss and toning
2. Many people think toning is lifting light weights with high repetitions, but to tone the body, one must have to lift heavy to let the
muscles grow. Once satisfied with the size of the muscles then one needs to cut body fats for muscles to show up.
3. Technique And Form
Wrong form occurs usually when people try to lift weights that are too heavy. As a guide, always lift with strict focus on the
muscle you intend to build for that exercise. Feel it contract and extend. Lift the weights deliberately and slowly. Never ever swing your
weights up especially when doing bicep curls or the military press
4, tips:
a. Train Intensively But Do Not Over train
You must train intensively for your muscle to grow. Try to do more reps or add more weight than the previous session or else your
muscles will think (actually muscles don't think, they adapt),
it is important that every time you train hard, you give your body time to recover as it has suffered strains and actually sustained many
small scarring. Contrary to popular belief, your muscles grow when you rest, especially when you sleep and not in the gym. So sleep at
least 8 hours a day. Also, do not train everyday or work the same muscle group more than once or twice a week. If your training was
vigorous enough, do no more than an hour per session.
Try not to do cardio work on the same day as your weight lifting work. In fact, during the muscle building phase, you should do less
cardio work as aerobic exercises burn muscles. You can increase your cardio work at cutting body fat phase, so as to lose body fat in
order for your muscle tone to show up nicely.
b. Train With Compound Exercises
Incorporate as many compound exercises as possible to your routines. Compound exercises are exercises that involve 2 or more joint
movements. Because they utilize more joints, which means greater muscle mass are involved. Greater muscle mass means heavier
weights. Heavier weights mean encouragement of greater muscle growth. More muscle growth means more tone to your muscles.
Some excellent compound exercises are the Squat, Deadlift, Chin ups, Dips, Bench press, Barbell Press, Lunges, Bent-Over Barbell
Row...etc.
http://www.beanproducts.com/mm5/graphics/00000001/CoreResistanceToningKit612px.jpg
(http://www.exrx.net/WeightTraining/Toning.html)
(http://www.articlesbase.com/fitness-articles/how-to-get-nice-muscle-tone-and-build-an-attractive-muscular-body-11692.html)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/7546224@N08/3484023893/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/rhijenerate/4345740286/
23
24. BUILDING MUSCLE
1. Enlargement is produced only by frequent periods of high intensity
exercises in which the muscles work against a high resistance
2 and 3: MORE REPS MORE WEIGHTS
both increasing the amount of repetitions increases the muscle strength
and the more weight the more muscle grows
4. Tougher through the ages
Reason it is difficult for older people to increase their physical strength
is because of reduced muscle mass, which is due to a loss of muscle fibers
and to the decrease in the size of fast-twitch muscle fibers.
When you're using your muscles to work against the extra pounds (this
concept is called resistance). This strengthens and increases the amount of
muscle mass in your body by making your muscles work harder than they're
used to.
(Fox 369)
(http://www.eatright.org/Public/content.aspx?id=11633)
http://www.flickr.com/search/?q=muscles&page=2
24
25. 1. You body moves by muscles contracting and relaxing (like a rubber band)
2. Short definition of a strain = stretching out your muscle too far
3. Mostly happens if someone does not stretch before a workout which allows
the blood to circulate to muscles.. STRETCH
4. Strain is different than a sprain- sprain is where there is a pain in the
muscle (muscle bruise) and the ligaments have been overstretched or torn
feels like it’s broken
5. Treatment: reduce swelling by icing and elevating and lots of rest is
recommended
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lucky_you/4463056588/
(http://www.ptclinic.com/medlibrary/images/v2/HamStrain.gif)
(http://www.wisegeek.com/how-should-i-treat-a-strained-muscle.htm)
(http://kidshealth.org/kid/ill_injure/aches/strains_sprains.html?
tracking=K_RelatedArticle)
25
26. 1. Memorization is Key!
1. Memorization of motor skills– once the body does the same motion
over and over again then the muscle adapts
2. In sleep quote
2. Muscle memory thus becomes an unconscious process. The
muscles grow accustomed to certain types of movement. This is
extremely important in different types of training for sports. The more
often you do a certain activity, the more likely you are to do it as
needed, when needed. If you’ve kicked thousands of field goals,
exercise physiologists assume that the likelihood of being able to
kick one during an American football game is pretty good through
muscle memory. You don’t have to think, “I need to make this kick.”
Your body already knows how to do it.
3. Practice make perfect
Most top level athletes and performers in a variety of fields believe that
muscle memory is best developed when the same activities are practiced
over and over again, with any corrections of form that are needed.
Continual practice may mean you can make that perfect golf swing every
single time (or almost), or hit a high note every time if you’re a singer.
4. Prove it!
4. Athletes (speed skating: bending down and basketball: shooting a
jump shot); babies learning how to walk
(http://www.wisegeek.com/what--muscle-memory.htmis)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/artsyt/2387450308/ 26
27. 1. Plateauing- means if you do the same routine everyday and every week,
your body adapts to it and doesn’t become a workout anymore and there
will be no results
2. By changing your workout out it causes “muscle confusion” which is
allowing your muscles to think and work out different muscles that your
memory has not recognized. Muscle confusion isn’t just changing your
routine, it can also be adding more weights
3. Tips:
Change the type of equipment used - You can the one workout use
resistance bands in the next workout changed to dumbbells. One workout you
can do pull ups the next workout you can use resistance bands to do the same
exercise.
Change the exercises you perform - While this is not possible if
you're doing the P90X workout, but once you have moved on to doing your
own workouts you can change the type of exercises. For example, if you're
doing incline dumbbell presses... you can also perform incline bench presses
or use a hammer strength incline machine if you have one at your gym.
Change the amount of rest between exercises - This is an old trick to
getting more intensity of your workout. If you normally rest for two minutes
between exercises, reduce it to one minute.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kerch/70456501/
(http://www.build-muscle-guide.com/muscle-confusion-p90x.html)
(http://fit-lifeonline.com/Portals/0/plateau_small.jpg) 27
(http://www.knowledgesutra.com/forums/P90x-Muscle-Confusion-Workout-
Regiment-t44323.html)
28. 1. right kind of exercise does many great things for your body and soul: It can
strengthen your heart and muscles, lower your body fat, and reduce your
risk of many diseases.
2. People take advantage of exercising and instead of doing it to feel good
and healthier they think about losing weight obsessively
3. Athletes tend to over exercise because they think that to over work
everyday then they’ll get better, but the body needs rest and overdoing will
cause injuries like muscle strains or fractures
4. Signs
force yourself to exercise, even if you don't feel well?
prefer to exercise rather than being with friends?
become very upset if you miss a workout?
base the amount you exercise on how much you eat?
have trouble sitting still because you think you're not burning calories?
worry that you'll gain weight if you skip exercising for a day?
5. Seek help from a doctor if exercising has become an addiction
28
29. 1. QUOTE: The human body needs a balanced intake of foods which include
nutrients to secure a healthy living
2. 3 main types of foods: Protein (beans, meats, fish), lipids (healthy fats;
avoid trans fat), and carbohydrates (good carbs like whole grains)
3. Explore the pyramid: The food pyramid is a tool to help one eat healthier
4. Maintaining a good diet allows one to decrease their chances in heart
attack, stroke, cancer, and other health problems
(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/nutrition.html)
(http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/professionals/index.html)
http://dietgroupie.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/fruit.jpg
http://www.diabetesdiabeticdiet.com/images/food_pyramid.JPG
29
30. 1. Molecules made up of long chains of amino acid subunits
2. Made up of primary structures: secondary structure, tertiary structure, and
quaternary structure
3. Serve many functions in the body
Structural proteins (contribute to different structure tissues (two different
types of structural proteins are colognes and keratin)
- Protein that provides strength to connective tissues like tendons and
ligaments
- Outer layer of dead cells where it prevents water loss through the skin
(Fox 40- 43)
(http://www.time-to-run.com/nutrition/optimal.htm)
http://www.3dchem.com/imagesofmolecules/aspartic-acid.jpg
30
31. Organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Sugar
Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, and Polysaccharides
Structural isomers
1. FUEL AND BUILD MATERIAL
2. Include sugars and polymers; sugars like Monosaccharides (serves as the
fuel and carbon sources for cells) and Disaccharides (two monosaccharides–
it’s table suger) and polysaccharides (serve as storage material-provides
sugar to cells)
3. Chains build off each other mono- (one) di- (two) poly- (many)
4. Intake is of great importance and those athletes who neglect this specific
intake in their diet will eventually lead to glycogen depletion, which will
definitely effect their training causing 'staleness' that will hinder the ability to
train and compete.
(Fox 33-36)
(http://www.time-to-run.com/nutrition/optimal.htm)
(Campbell-Reece 64-67)
http://www.modernmums.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/carbs1.jpg
http://www.weightlosssurgerychannel.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/whole-
grain-carbs.jpg
31
32. Hydrocarbon chains
Insoluble
Triglyceride
Two Types of Fats
QUOTE
1. Bands consists of hydrogen and carbon this makes it… insoluble…
2. does not dissociate in water; stays in tact (doesn’t melt)
3. Major form of energy storage
4. Saturated fats: stay in heart (longer; harder to break down ; increased
cholesterol) Unsaturated: shorter chains; not bad for anybody
5. It supplies energy to muscles during activity. How much fat a person needs
depends upon his or her activity level. As a general guideline, fat should make
up 20 percent to 35 percent of your total calories with less than 10 percent
coming from unhealthy, saturated fats.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/290555514/
(http://www.eatright.org/Public/content.aspx?id=11633)
(Fox 36-40)
(http://www.time-to-run.com/nutrition/optimal.htm)
(Campbell-Reece 68-69)
32
33. 1. Water can never hurt you- no calories, fats, oils, sugar.. Just a drink that
replenishes you.
2. Our body is 2/3 water= when becoming dehydrated means that the amount
of water in a body need to function has dropped below the level; causes
the person to feel sick
3. As an athlete sweat and lose water like crazy; by drinking water every 20
mins, this allows the body to restore and replenish and doesn’t allow weak
performance
4. Symptoms of dehydration include feeling dizzy and lightheaded, having dry
mouth, and producing less urine or darker urine
(http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/aba0228l.jpg)
(http://kidshealth.org/teen/safety/first_aid/dehydration.html?
tracking=T_RelatedArticle)
33
34. 1. BMR: The amount of calories one burns if not moving (staying in bed all
day)
2. Calculating: Finding out your BMR can be easily found, going to a website:
type in the gender, your age, your weight, your height (I lose 1438 calories)
3. Getting older- active early as a child: As you get older, it is harder for the
body to burn calories; if you were active as a child then it builds muscle
memory which increases your chance of having a high BMR as you get
older
4. Exercising: Regular routine of exercising increases your BMR; cardio
allows the heart rate to speed up
5. quote: People think that not eating will help the process of losing weight;
but actually it decreases the your BMR
(http://health.discovery.com/tools/calculators/basal/basal.html)
http://images.glam.com/glampress/health/rodalearticles/curbcravings/
cravings_sleeping_less.JPG
34
35. 1. Stimulates the uptake of blood glucose (sugar aka energy aka atp) into
muscles
2. Chemicals that naturally relieve pain and lift mood. These chemicals are
released in your body during and after a workout and they go a long way in
helping to control stress.
3. Aids bone construction (produced in the thyroid glands)
4. Produced within the adrenal glands (small glands located at the top of each
kidney), adrenaline works with noradrenaline to produce the "fight or flight"
response by increasing the supply of oxygen to the brain and muscles,
dilating the pupils, and suppressing bodily functions not useful in an
emergency situation (such as digestion)
5. stimulates growth during childhood and also stimulates cell reproduction,
which helps adults maintain muscle and bone mass.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin?bcsi-
ac-1CE00B67F72E573C=1A655E7A00000005wUYLhOP49C2bh3qE4tyOJXK
d+GJHAAAABQAAAFACQgCAcAAACAAAAAKlAQA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline
35
36. A lack of these vitamins and minerals causes problems in the muscular
system.
Vitamin B6: important for normal brain and nerve function. It also helps the
body break down proteins and make red blood cells--potatoes, bananas,
beans, seeds, nuts, red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, spinach, and fortified cereals.
Calcium: vital for building strong bones and teeth. The time to build strong
bones is during childhood and the teen years, so it's very important to get
enough calcium now to fight against bone loss later in life. Weak bones are
susceptible to a condition called osteoporosis, which causes bones to break
easily.--Milk and other dairy products — such as yogurt, cheese, and cottage
cheese
Potassium: helps with muscle and nervous system function. It also helps the
body maintain the balance of water in the blood and body tissues.--found in
broccoli, potatoes (with skins), green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, bananas,
dried fruits, and legumes such as peas and lima beans
Chlorine/Sodium:
Iron: helps red blood cells carry oxygen to all parts of the body.-- rich foods
include red meat, pork, fish and shellfish, poultry, lentils, beans and soy foods,
green leafy vegetables, and raisins.
Selenium: 36
(http://kidshealth.org/teen/misc/mineral_chart.html)
37. 1. MUSCLE WASTING
1. x-linked recessive trait (defective genes) dystrophin is defected- it’s
the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber –provides the support for
muscle fibers—muscle weakens
2. The most severe muscular dystrophies that affects 1 out of 3.500 boys each
year
3. NO CURE
Patients are in wheelchairs by the age of 12 and die in their 20s
Weakening and loss of muscle tissue
(Fox 448)
(http://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/global/david/dwe002/dwe002g/
dwe00212g01.gif)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/edwinmartinez350d/890247229/
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38. Daily physical activity is necessary for building strong bones and muscles as
well as strengthening hearts and lungs. Exercise also helps young children to
improve their gross motor skills, including running, kicking, throwing, and
swinging. Regular physical activity can greatly decrease children's risk of
becoming obese and developing associated health problems, as well as
promoting better sleep.
(http://pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu/adolescentobesity.html)
(http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=14298&cn=462)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattconnell/3021994259/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/g_mirage/1421609193/
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39. Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or greater. BMI is
calculated from a person's weight and height and provides a reasonable
indicator of body fatness and weight categories that may lead to health
problems. Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, certain
types of cancer, and type 2 diabetes.
During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the
United States.
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40. Jobs that pertain to understanding the human body
Physical therapist: examine individuals and develop a plan using treatment
techniques to promote the ability to move, reduce pain, restore function, and
prevent disability. (http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos080.htm)
Athletic Trainer: help prevent and treat injuries
(http://www.tusculum.edu/athletics/athletic_training/Lenker,Chris
%28NEW05%291.jpg)
(http://www.ct.gov/dph/cwp/view.asp?a=3143&q=388934)
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41. 1. What I’ve learned: I learned that the best thing that you can do for your
body is to have a good balance of everything- school, work, exercise,
nutrition- if you mesh everything well then your future is set.
2. If people in America are not careful about their bodies, we can be the
biggest nation ever.. Setting records that we should not be proud of.
3. Future goals: I want to study the human body; it fascinates me how each
muscle works and how the proper exercise and nutrition can improve the
body in so many ways.
(McDonalds' slogan)
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47. -Pick a station
-Notice the fruit being blended
-Find out what each fruit does for the body
Fruits are generally high in fiber, water and vitamin C. Fruits also contain
various phytochemicals that do not yet have an RDA/RDI listing under most
nutritional factsheets, and which research indicates are required for proper
long-term cellular health and disease prevention. Regular consumption of fruit
is associated with reduced risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke,
Alzheimer disease, cataracts, and some of the functional declines associated
with aging.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit#Nutritional_value
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