gender fair society

1. MAY BUKAS PA …
ENVISIONING
A GENDER FAIR
SOCIETY
D A N I LO C . S I S O N , E d . D. , C E S O V I
S c h o o l s D i v i s i o n S u p e r i n t e n d e n t

3.  Categorized as male or
female
 Biological
 Fixed at birth
 Does not change across
time and space
 Equally valued
 Masculinity and femininity
 Socially, culturally and
historically determined
 Learned through
socialization
 Varies over time and
space
 Unequally valued
(masculinity as the norm)
SEX GENDER

4. -Cushner, 2012
“SEX IS A BIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS;
GENDER IS A SOCIAL
CHARACTERISTICS.

5. It is more than just knowing that
you are male or female.

6. It is not proper for a girl to say
“I love you” first to a boy.

7. The mother should be the only one
responsible for child-rearing and parenting.

8. Philippine Constitution
Section 2 Declaration of Principles
Republic Act 7192
National Development Goals
• Human resources development
• Modernization
Philippine Plan on Gender and Development (PPGD)
• Gender equity
• Participation of women in government and economy
• Access of resources and opportunities
National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women (NCRFW)
• Information
• Advocacy
• Networking
The Gender and Development Framework
(Education Sector)

9. DECS-GAD Program
• Gender Sensitivity Training
• Integration of gender-fair core messages and
related values in the curriculum across the basic
education level
The Gender and Development Framework
(Education Sector)

10. Gender-Fair Educational System
• Equal opportunities in education, non-traditional, livelihood, or
occupations
• Non-sexist schooling in textbooks, teacher training, and training or
scholarships
• Participation in the field of science and technology
• Opportunities for career tracking in the bureaucracy
• Admission policies, scholarship policies, and merit and promotion
policies
The Gender and Development Framework
(Education Sector)

11. Several researchers have shown
that male dominance exists in our
cultural system, in informal everyday
interactions, and in social institutions,
and roles
Even in the same organizations,
the activities of males and females
to be separate, and what males do is
more highly valued than what females do.
In general, domestic roles for women and public
roles for men are emphasized in all societies.

12. This gender stratification is reproduced in
each generation, in social institutions, and in
the personalities of individuals as men’s
motives to depreciate women develops along
with their gender identity.

13. Throughout life,
men and women
generally face
different role
expectations,
although the
extent of gender differentiation and how
this affects individuals’ self-concepts may
vary from one life stage to another.

14. We believe that the world would be
a better place for its inhabitants-
women and men, girls and boys – if
male dominance and gender
inequality could disappear.
Both women and men could have
more opportunities to enter new
fields of works and to enjoy a greater
variety of types or relationships with
others.

15. Girls and Boys could grow with stronger self-concepts,
free of the poverty so many new experience, and able to
explore a wide variety of interest.
What would this world be like? How could our world be
changed? Could this change really occur?

16. 3 PERSPECTIVES OF FEMINIST THEORIES
1.Liberal feminist focus on philosophical issues of right
and justice and the equal application of these to men
and women. Thus, they emphasize equal educational
opportunities, changes in attitudes, and legislation
form as the most important ways to promote gender
inequality.
2.Socialist feminist focus not on individuals but how
social relations and social institutions preserve and
promote gender inequality.
3.Radical feminists generally see women’s
reproductive capacities and sexual relations as basic

17. A WORLD WITHOUT MALE DOMINANCE
People, and perhaps especially feminists,
have often approached the question of
gender inequality by asking …Why can’t
women be more like men?

18. A WORLD WITHOUT MALE DOMINANCE
Our analysis is closer to that of some radical feminists, and
suggests that a world without male dominance would not
be one in which women will be considered equals in the
sense that a female paradigm.
This, means that cultural symbols would be altered to show
an equal valuation of females and males, and cultural values
would express complimentary and interdependence rather
than priority and social hierarchy.
Such changes in cultural values and symbols imply changes
in social institutions and in the personalities of individuals.

19. A WORLD WITHOUT MALE DOMINANCE
In society without male dominance, there would be no
unfair legal restrictions on women’s activities, women and
men would have equal access to educational
opportunities, and gender segregation and wage
disparities in the labor force would no longer exist.
Women and men would have equal access to all roles in
society.
Because a society without male dominance would attach
greater values to nurturing and expressive roles, work
pattern and regulations would support family roles and
the involvement of both women and men in the care of

20. Today these changes may seem unrealistic or at least
difficult to promote . Throughout the world, women
still do the bulk of the housework, even when they also
work many hours outside the home. Gender
stratification permeates the economy.

21. Needed Educational Changes
Gender inequality in social institutions has focused on the
economy, the family, education, and the polity.
As liberal feminists have stressed, providing women with
education appears to be a basic necessity in starting the
trend toward greater inequality. The extent of inequality
education , and to some extent in the polity, tends to vary
from one society to another. Although no country has an
equal representation of the sex groups in its governing
bodies, many countries guarantee equal rights for men
and women in the political economy.

22. Needed Educational Changes
Yet law requiring that women be treated like a men
the fact that the women are intimately and directly
connected to the care of children much more than men
are. As socialist feminist have stressed, changes in the
polity and education are probably not sufficient to
guarantee the end of male opportunities.

23. Dealing with Gender Stratification through the Economy
Laws requiring that men and women be paid the same
amount for the same work and regulations such as
affirmative action programs that call for an end to gender
segregation of occupations provide the basis for the equal
participation of women and men in the economy with
equal rewards
Some laws also require the end of discrimination in
admission to educational programs leading to certain
kinds of jobs. Women as provided by law, cannot be
denied admission to vocational training programs and in
traditionally male professional areas such as in medicine
or law solely on the bias of their sex.

24. If these economic changes occurred, they could help
promote greater gender equality in the family. When
women work outside the home and again contribute a
large proportion of the family income, they may have more
input into family decisions. Moreover, at least when a family
has young children, the father may contribute more time to
childcare if he works outside the home.

25. One step that might alter the distribution of family
responsibilities as well as minimize the psychological
motives underlying male dominance is more men to
become more involved in the nurturing of young
children. Yet, if Fathers were actively involved in child
care and felt genuinely responsible for their children’s
well being, they might be less inclined toward a sexual
and seductive relationship with them. In such, incest
might actually
decline.

26. Finally, although a growing number of men may
participate in early childcare and nurture of both
young sons and daughters, the extent that men
increasingly absent themselves from home amid
contact with their offspring will cause many
children not to experience such nurturing paternal
relationships.

27. As the feminist writer Barbara Enherenreich noted,
as long as son & daughters will have consistent
nurturing interactions with both adult, men and
women, these are important ingredients of healthy
future adulthood and society that has greater gender
equality.

28. The Possibility of Change
 Governments have enacted laws and established
commissions to implement greater equality between
women & men. A major for theses changes has been
the increase in education of women and, in many
places, their increased involvement in the public
spheres of the economy and the polity.
Changes can also be seen in cultural symbols.
Women who are attending seminaries or who are
ordained are challenging and altering the patriarchal
symbolism characterizing their religion.

29. The Possibility of Change
Language usage has clearly changed , the name of
jobs have been extensively revised, we now have
flight attendants, mail carriers, and postal worker
instead of stewardesses, mailmen and postmen. Sign
on construction sites now proclaim, “ crew working”
whenever possible to avoid sexist language, images
in the media also demonstrate changes.

30. Women newscaster are much more common than just
few years ago.
Media are much more likely to depict men in
nurturance, vulnerable roles.
Fathers are becoming more involved in the birth
process and caring for young children on a day – to –
day.
 Changes in the economy have led to greater
employment of women, but few changes in the wage
gap, occupation segregation, or the division of the
labor in the family.

31. We believe that further changes cannot be
successful unless policy initiatives broaden a place a
high priority on nurturance and care of children.
In calling for a change in the culture definition of
masculinity, we are not necessarily advocating either
of these family forms but, instead, an alteration of
values ad norms or emphasize the importance of
responsibility for the young among all adult
members of the society as well as the equality of
mothers and fathers.

32. To be truly effective, we believe that changes must
proceed simultaneous within the family and the
economy.
Gender relations in both of these institutions should
alter.
Some of the most ardent supporters of family policy
on the national political scene have been women,
and we believe that extensive changes will the
intervention of women at high levels of authority in
both the corporate and the political world.

33. Thus, to obtain the policy changes we suggest, it
will be important to have greater equity at all
levels in the economic world; to have greater
equity with the economy will be important to
develop more supportive family policies
throughout the society.
Policies should focus more directly to the
concerns of working-class and poor women, who
are also more likely to belong to racial ethnic
minorities.