3. Based on Application of
Research Method
Basic Research or Pure Research
• type of research approach that
is aimed at gaining a better
understanding of a subject,
phenomenon or basic law of
nature. This type of research is
primarily focused on the
advancement of knowledge
rather than solving a specific
problem.
Applied Research
• type of research design that
seeks to solve a specific problem
or provide innovative solutions to
issues affecting an individual,
group or society. It is often
referred to as a scientific method
of inquiry or contractual research
because it involves the practical
application of scientific methods
to everyday problems.
4. Based on Purpose of
Research
Descriptive Research
• defined as a research method
that describes the
characteristics of the
population or phenomenon
studied. This methodology
focuses more on the “what” of
the research subject than the
“why” of the research subject.
Descriptive Research
Sample Title: “What is the level of
the satisfaction of the consumer?”
What is the behavior of the
students in an online class?
5. Based on Purpose of
Research
Action Research
• refers to a wide variety of
evaluative, investigative, and
analytical research methods
designed to diagnose problems
or weaknesses—whether
organizational, academic, or
instructional—and help
educators develop practical
solutions to address them
quickly and efficiently.
6. Based on Purpose of
Research
Correlational Research
• type of non-experimental
research method in which a
researcher measures two
variables, understands and
assesses the statistical
relationship between them with
no influence from any extraneous
variable.
7. Based on Purpose of
Research
Explanatory Research
• method developed to
investigate a phenomenon that
had not been studied before or
had not been well explained
previously in a proper way. Its
main intention is to provide
details about where to find a
small amount of information.
Exploratory Research
• defined as a research used to
investigate a problem which is
not clearly defined. It is
conducted to have a better
understanding of the existing
problem, but will not provide
conclusive results. For such a
research, a researcher starts
with a general idea and uses this
research as a medium to identify
issues, that can be the focus for
future research.
8. Based on Types Data
Needed
Qualitative Research
• defined as a market
research method that focuses
on obtaining data through open-
ended and conversational
communication.
Quantitative Research
• defined as a systematic
investigation of phenomena by
gathering quantifiable data and
performing statistical,
mathematical, or computational
techniques.
9. Primary Data
• data that is collected by a
researcher from first-hand
sources
Ex.: creative works, diaries,
experiments by researcher, letters
and censuses, and interviews
Secondary Data
• data gathered from studies,
surveys, or experiments that have
been run by other people or for
other research.
• Ex.: Encyclopedias, essays,
newspaper opinion pieces,
reviews, textbooks
11. Scientific/positive
measure and discover information in an impersonal
manner. Data given are expressed through numbers.
(structured interviews, questionnaires, and observation
checklist)
12. Naturalistic
research method that is used by psychologists and other
social scientists. The technique involves observing
subjects in their natural environment. It can be used if
conducting lab research would be unrealistic, cost-
prohibitive, or would unduly affect the subject's behavior.
15. Social Science
Description
works to answer many of the
questions we have about human
behavior. Through scientific study,
social science research seeks to
understand the hows and whys of
human behavior.
Example of Studies
1. The Effect of Covid – 19 Pandemic
on social behavior and economic
stability
16. Natural and Physical
Science
Description
Discover laws, postulates theories
that can explain natural or social
phenomena
Example of Studies
1. Utilization of Garbage and other
Waste Resources as Cleaning
Materials
17. Environmental Science
Description
Scientists conduct research to
identify, control, or eliminate sources
of pollutants or hazards affecting the
environment or public health.
Example of Studies
1. Climate Change
2. The Environmental Factors
Affecting Natural Calamities
18. ICT
Description
Aim to adapt current technology
advancement which enhances
development of resources.
Example of Studies
1. Demeter: Detecting the pH level,
oxygen level, turbidity and
Temperature of Laguna lake
2. Students' perception on use of
technology in the classroom at
higher education institutions in
Philippines
19. Sports
Description
Intended for athletes to endure
their health and wellness goal
through proven high quality
products.
Example of Studies
1. What is more Important for
sports: a mind or a body?
2. Positive and negative effect of
caffeine on athletic performance
20. Agriculture
Description
Improves productivity and quality
of crops irrigation, storage
methods, effective farm
management and marketing of
agricultural resources.
Example of Studies
Effect of Different Rates of Nitrogen
Fertilizers on Growth and Quality of
Rice and Corn
21. Fisheries
Description
Increase the productivity and
management of fishery resources
to provide food: protect and
maintain different bodies of water
for sustainable supply of aquatic
resources.
Example of Studies
Environmental causes of variation in
survival rates, growth rates, and
age maturity of Pacific Salmon
23. Art – Based
Description
Personal expression in various art
forms is use as a primary mode of
inquiry
Example of Studies
The effects of Music on learning
and behavior
