1. WELCOME
TO THE WORLD
OF HISTORY !..

3. Many school children don’t
know when the Civil War took
place. They don’t know who
wrote the Declaration of
Independence.
They think history is boring.

4. What Is History ?
(from Greek word historia meaning
inquiry, knowledge, acquired by
investigation”) is the discovery,
collection, organization and
presentation of information about past
events .

8. • History is a means to understand
the past and present. The different
interpretations of the past allows us
to see the present differently and
therefore imagine—and work
towards—different futures.

9.  helps one to understand the  a bridge to other disciplines.
immense complexity of our In order to understand the
world and provides insights other humanities and the
to help cope with the sciences one needs an
problems and possibilities historical overview.
of the present and future.
 we can investigate and
 provides a sense of identity interpret why society
to understand the collective developed as it has and
past that has have made us determine what influences
what we are today. In one have affected the past and
sense history is the only present and shape the
future.

12. Primary
sources
• A primary source is an
original object or document;
first-hand information.
• Primary source is material
written or produced in the
time period that you may be
investigating.
• Primary sources enable the
researcher to get as close as
possible to what actually
happened during an historical
event or time period.

13. Examples are:
• Diaries and journals • Autobiographies
▫ Example: Anne Frank -An autobiography is when
was a teenager during you write a story or book
World War II. She kept about yourself.
a diary or journal the Example: Nelson Mandela
years before she died in wrote his autobiography about
a concentration camp. events in his life called “Long
Her diary was later Walk to Freedom: The
published as the “Diary Autobiography of Nelson
of Anne Frank”. This is Mandela. This is a primary
a primary source. document because he wrote his
first hand experiences.

14. • Speeches are considered
Primary Sources.
▫ Examples of Speeches:
 Abraham Lincoln’s
“Gettysburg Address”
 Martin Luther King’s “I
Have a Dream”
 All of the President’s
Inauguration Speeches

15. • Historical documents such as • Published first-hand
the Declaration of accounts, or stories are
Independence or the
considered primary
Constitution are primary
documents. They were resources.
drafted and signed. ▫ Example: 2008
• Other Primary Sources Presidential candidate
would be Senator John McCain
• Birth Certificates talked about his “own”
• Government records experiences as a
• Deeds Vietnam prisoner of
• Court documents war. It is a primary
• Military records source because he was
• Tax records there experiencing it.
• Census records
• Art

16.  Historical documents such as the
Declaration of Independence or the
Constitution are primary documents.
They were drafted and signed.
• Other Primary Sources would be
• Birth Certificates
• Government records
• Deeds
• Court documents
• Military records
• Tax records
• Census records
• Art
• Newspaper & magazines

17.  Sound Recordings and interviews
are considered primary resources.
▫ Example 1: During the Great
Depression and World War II,
television had not been invented
yet. The people would often sit
around the radio to listen to
President Roosevelt’s war
messages. Those radio addresses
are considered “primary
sources.”
▫ Example 2: During the 2008
election Barack Obama, had
many interviews that were
televised. Those interviews are
considered primary sources.

18. • Photographs and videos are
primary sources.
▫ Example 1: Photographers
during World War II took
photographs of battles
and/or events during the
war. Those photographs are
primary sources. Those were
taken during actual events.
▫ Example 2: The same holds
true for videos or film
created during an event. A
film was made interviewing
President Bush. That film
would be considered a
primary source.

20. • A secondary source is something written
about a primary source.
• Secondary sources are written "after the
fact" - that is, at a later date.
• Usually the author of a secondary
source will have studied the primary
sources of an historical period or event
and will then interpret the "evidence"
found in these sources.
• You can think of secondary sources as
second-hand information.

21. • Almanacs, encyclopedias, history books
(textbooks), etc. are all secondary
sources because they were written “after”
the these events occurred.

22. • Think about it like this….
• If I tell you something, I am the primary
source. If you tell someone else what I told
you, you are the secondary source.
• Secondary source materials can be articles in
newspapers, magazines, books or articles
found that evaluate or criticize someone
else's original research.

23. Tertiary Resources
Tertiary sources consist of information
which is a distillation and collection of
primary and secondary sources.
* Almanacs;
* Bibliographies (also considered
secondary);
* Chronologies;
* Dictionaries and Encyclopedias (also
considered secondary);
* Directories;
* Fact books;
* Guidebooks;
* Indexes, abstracts, bibliographies
used to locate primary and secondary
sources;
* Manuals;

24. REFERENCES:
• http://www.siena.edu/pages/3289.asp
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0m3W
CVAuGhttp://
• www.princeton.edu/~refdesk/primary2.ht
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25. By:
Kathleen L. Taguinod
BEED-II