2. What is disaster management ?
• Disaster Risk Management is the preparedness
to prevent a disaster that may happen or to
reduce the loss that may be caused by it.
• The ultimate goal of the disaster-management
leader is to minimize the event's impact,
something that involves preparedness,
response, recovery and mitigation.
4. What it involves ??
• Dealing with and avoiding both natural and
man made disasters.
• Preparedness before disaster.
• Rebuilding and supporting society after
natural disasters.
5. BACKGROUND
• Enormous population pressures and urbanization
• A flood, a drought or an earthquake millions of
peoples are affected each time a disaster
occurs
• Large-scale displacement and the loss of life, loss
of property and agricultural crops
6. The reasons forthis arevaried including:
an increasing population pressures in urban areas
an increase in the extent of encroachment into lands,
e.g., riverbeds ordrainage courses,lowlyingareasetc
lackof properriskmanagement (insurance)
BACKGROUND
8. DISASTER
Disaster refers to an emergency caused by natural
hazards or human-induced actions that results in a
significant change in circumstances over a relatively
shorttime period.
12. India’sVulnerabilityto Disasters
• 57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of
these, 12% is vulnerable to severe
earthquakes.
• 68% land is vulnerable to drought.
• 12% land is vulnerable to floods
• 8% land is vulnerable to cyclones.
• Apart from natural disasters, some cities in
India are also vulnerable to chemical and
industrial disasters and man-made
disasters.
13. Nodal AgenciesforDisasterManagement
• Floods :Ministry of Water Resources, CWC
• Cyclones :I
ndian Meteorological Department
• Earthquakes :I
ndian Meteorological Department
• Epidemics :Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• Avian Flu:Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment,
Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
14. 🞇 Chemical Disasters : Ministry of Environment and
Forests
🞇 Industrial Disasters :Ministry of Labour
🞇 Rail Accidents :Ministry of Railways
🞇 Air Accidents :Ministry of Civil Aviation
🞇 Fire :Ministry of Home Affairs
🞇 Nuclear Incidents:Department of Atomic Energy
🞇 Mine Disasters :Department of Mines
Nodal AgenciesforDisasterManagement
15. Effects on Current Development
Loss of crops
When the tsunami struck the Indian coasts it destroyed
large tracts of coconut plantations in Southern parts of
Kerala and Tamil Nadu
Loss of livestock
For instance large number of poultry was lost due to
avian flu or was culled to prevent its spread in India in
2013 and 2014
16. Degradation of land
The farm lands in West Bengal that were inundated by
saline water when the cyclone Ayila struck; and the
fields of Kerala and Tamil Nadu when the tsunami
struck its coastal areas
Effects on Current Development
17. Infrastructure loss
Loss of roads and bridges
Loss of buildings and facilities
Damage to harbours
Loss to airport and aircrafts
Effects on Current Development
19. Factors Contributing to Vulnerability
Poverty
The widening gap between rich and poor, rural and
urban incomes and hence the disparity in living
standards can be witnessed in the flood plains of
developing countries
20. Livelihoods
The principal livelihoods of communities living in
rural flood plains are mainly farming and fishing
Equity
In areas where flood diversion works are in place it
may so happen that flood water are redirected into
areas where poorer sections of the society with less
political influence settle.
21. Gender
In societies where the decision-making power resides
solely with the men of the family, ignoring the wisdom
and experience of women and denying or limiting
them the adequate access to knowledge and capacity
development schemes.
22. Impact of Development Projects such as Dams,
Embankments, Changes in Land-use etc.
Archaeological and historical places in company with
geological and topographical Places are disappear after
lying under the reservoir.
Temperature of water, salt and oxygen distribution may
change vertically as a consequence of reservoir
formationThis may cause the generation of new living
species
23. Normal passing ways of territorial animals are stuck
since the dam works as a barrier
The water system may change as a result of destruction
of nature, unexpected floods may occur and
consequently vegetation and natural structures in the
riverbanks can be damaged
25. Some increase in earthquakes may occur because of
heavy of big dam reservoirs.
Dams may cause increases in water sourced illnesses
like typhus, typhoid fever, malaria and cholera.
26. Climate Change Adaptation
Climate change adaptation refers to actions that
reduce the negative impact of climate change, while
taking advantage of potential new opportunities.
27. IPCC and it’s Scenarios in the Context of
India
IPCC
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) was established in 1988 by the World
Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to assess
climate change based on the latest science.
28. Objectives of IPCC (The Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change)
To understanding the scientific basis of the risk of
human-induced climate change
30. Effects of Climate Change on Weather
Mean and extreme precipitation during the Indian
summer monsoon is expected to increase.
The Himalayan region will see maximum increase in
precipitation, while the north-eastern region will
experience the minimum increase
31. Extreme Weather Events : Cyclones, Floods and
Droughts
Projections indicate that the frequency of cyclones is
likely to decrease in 2030s, with increase in cyclonic
intensity.
32. Agriculture, Forests and Trade
In India, the estimated countrywide agricultural loss
in 2030 is over $7 billion. It will severely affect the
income.
With India’s GDP growth, transport emissions are
growing much faster than the value of trade, leading to
a further increase in greenhouse gas emission of 10 per
cent of the population.
33. Health
Pollution-induced changes in air and water quality, as
well as changing weather patterns, are expected to
have wide-reaching effects on the health of Indians,
according to the report
34. The Asia Perspective
The continent of Asia is expected to bear one of the
largest burdens of climate change. The IPCC report
states that people settled across different
topographiesand regions will become vulnerable to its
effects.
35. Indigenous Knowledge, Appropriate Technology
and Local Resources
Indigenous Knowledge (Indigenous Knowledge) is the
basis of community coping practices that have helped
vibrant communities survive natural calamities over
centuries.
36. Climate Change and Food Security
Rural Development
Urban Risk Reduction
Gender and Inclusion
Indigenous Knowledge, Appropriate Technology
and Local Resources
37. Man Made Disasters : Case Studies
These are mostly caused due to certain human
activities. The disasters themselves could be
unintentional, but, are caused due to some intentional
activity
38. Bhopal Gas Tragedy
It occurred on the night of 2-3 December 1984 at the
Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
39. Chernobyl Disaster
The Chernobyl disaster was caused by a nuclear
accident that occurred on Saturday 26 April 1986, at
the No. 4 reactor in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power
Plant,near the city of Pripyat in the north of the
Ukrainian SSR.
40.
41. Uttarakhand flood
In June 2013, a mid-day cloudburst centered on the
North Indian state of Uttarakhand caused devastating
floods and landslides, becoming the country's worst
natural disaster since the 2004 tsunami.
43. CONCLUSION
Natural disasters, however powerful and sudden they
may be, are not incapable of being guarded against.
The modern technology has given enough gadgets to
people for forecasting, and lessening if not totally
preventing heavy damages inflicted upon by the
natural disasters.
Only requirement is that people must take interest in
getting as much awareness as possible about the
safeguard measures and mitigation.
Human lives are the most important thing.
