Mais conteúdo relacionado Crossroad Vol 03 Issue 02 2008 Dec 15-311. cmyk
hm¿- Ø - I ƒ - m - e p- ] m- S p- n- ∂ p- w -
2008 Un-k-w_¿- 15˛31 I sIm-®n- I ]p-kv-X-Iw- 03 I e-°-w- 02 I t]-Pv- 16 I hn-e- 10 cq-]-
tIc-f-Øn¬ hnhn[ cmjv{Sob ]m¿´n-°m¿ t]meo-kns‚
tdmƒ Gs‰-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s-°p-dn®v
]m¿´n-t∏m-eokv ! sP-bv-k¨- sk_m-kv-‰y≥-
- - -
tXm-a-kv- a-Øm-bn- I-cn-°w-]-≈n¬-
tIcfØn¬- t]m-eo-k-v tÃ-jp-Ifp-sS- am-‰-v Ip-dbp-∂p.- C-t∏mƒ- {I-akam- -
[m-- ]-cn-]m-ehpw- {]-i]cn-lm-chpw- Nn-e- cm-j{So-b- ]m¿-´n-°m¿- G-s‰-Sp-Øn-
- - -v - -
cn-°p-Ibm-Wv.- Hm-tcm- ÿ-esØ- `p-cn-]£w- A-p-kcn-®m-Wv- Hm-tcm- ]m¿-´n-°m-
- -
-
-
-
-v
-
- - -
cpw- ssI-bq-°n¬- Im-cyw- -SØp-∂Xv.- t]m-eo-kv- tÃ-jn¬- Xo¿-t°-≠- Im-cy-
- - -
߃- ]m¿-´n- Hm-^o-kv- tI-{µo-Icn-®m-Wv- Xo-cp-am-n-°p-∂Xv.- C-Xn-v- sIm-Sn-bp-sS-
- -
n-dßtfm- `-cW˛{]-Xn-]£- t`-Zßtfm- _m-[Ia√.- D-Zm-lcWØn-v- am¿-Ikn-
- - - -- - - - - - - - - - v-
Ãv- ]m¿-´n-°v- ]-‰p-∂n-SØv- A-h¿- ap-jvIv- Im-´pw.- _n.-sP.-]n-°m¿-°v- I-gn-bp-∂n-S-
- -
Øv- A-h¿- _-ew- ]n-Sn-°pw.- A-{X-X-s∂.- h-f-cp-∂-Xv- k-am-¥-c- ]m¿-´n-t∏m-eo-kv-
tÃ-jp-Iƒ-!- t]m-eo-kn-s‚- tdmƒ- G-s‰-Sp-°p-∂Xn--v ]m¿-´n-°m¿-°-v H-cp- _p-≤n-
- -
ap-´p-an-√.- X-߃-°-v C-jSs∏-Sm-Ø- Im-cy-߃-°-v a¿-±Øn-eq-sS- a-dp-]Sn- sIm-Sp-
-v - - - -
°m≥- C-°q-´¿- a-Sn-°p-∂n-√.- ]m¿-´n-t∏m-eo-kn-s‚- tZ-tlm-]{Z-hw- G¬-°p-∂- hm¿- -
Øm-te-JIcp-sS- F-Æw- Iq-Sn- Iq-Sp-Ibm-W.v - m-´n¬- A-c£n-Xm-hÿ- h-fcp-∂- H-
- - - - - -
cp- co-Xn- C-ßs-bm-Wv.- -
A-Sp-Ø- Im-eØv- ]-{X-ßfp-sS- {]m-tZ-in-I- t]-Pp-Ifn-se- hm¿-ØIfn-eq-sS-
- - - - -
I-tÆm-Sn-®m¬- H-cp- Im-cyw- hy-‡am-Ipw.- ]-ecpw- ]-cm-Xn- t]m-eo-kn-√- k-a¿-∏n-
- - -
°p-∂Xv.- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-cm-Xn-Ifpw- {]m-tZ-in-I- ]m¿-´n- Hm-^o-kn-em-Wv- F-Øn-°p-∂-
- -
Xv.- ]n-Sn-®p-]dn-bpw- o-Xn-n¿-hlWhpw- H-cp- ÿ-eØp- n-∂p- X-s∂- e-`y-am-Ipw.-
- - - - -
h-ben¬- sIm-bvØp- b-{¥w- C-d°m≥- A-t]-£- -evtI-≠Xv- ]m¿-´n- Hm-^o-kn-
- - - - -
em-W.v - tPm-en- sN-øm-sX- A-´n-adn,- tm-°p-Iq-en- F-∂n-h- km-[m-cW°m-cp-sS- Ip-
- - -
Øn-p- ]n-S®p- ta-Sn-°m≥- t-Xr-Xzw- -eIp-∂Xv- sXm-gn-em-fn- kw-c£Ww- F-∂-
- v- - - -
te-_en¬- ]m¿-´n-°m-cm-Wv.- ]n-cn-hp- Ip-‰n-Ifp-am-bn- F-hn-sS- tI-dn- sN-∂pw- `o-£-
- -
Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn- ]-Ww- ]n-cn-°p-∂Xv- ]m¿-´n-°m-cm-Wv.- sI-´n-Sw- ]-Wn-btWm- th-≠-
- -
tbm- F-∂p- Xo-cp-am-n-°p-∂X-v ]m¿-´n-°m-cm-W.v - sX-ßn¬- I-bdp-∂Xpw- C-dßp-∂-
- - - -
Xpw- ]m¿-´n-bp-sS- n¿-tZ-i- {]-Im-cam-Wv.- I-eym-W,- h-kvXp- C-Sn-e°m¿- Im-ip-
- - - -
≠m-°p-∂X-v ]m¿-´n-t∏-c-v D-]tbm-Kn-®m-W.v - Np-cp-°Øn¬- k¿-h- ta-JeIfn-epw- ]-
- - - - - -
W-ap-≠m-°m≥- ]m¿-´n-t∏m-eo-kv- C-Ss]-Spw.- ]m¿-´n-°m-cp-sS- C-S]Sep-Iƒ- sIm- - - - -
≠v- k-ln-sI-Sp-∂X-v A-°q-´sc- A-[n-Im-cØn-te-‰m≥- Iyq- n-∂-v thm-´p- sN-øp-∂-
- - -
]m-hw- thm-´¿-am-cpw-!-
(Xp-S¿-∂p- hm-bn-°p-I:-- k-am-¥c- t]m-eo-k-v kvt‰-jp-Iƒ-˛t]-P-v 3)-
- - -
CROSSROAD
read crossroad at www.rediscoverkerala.com
Online
t{ImkvtdmUnv Hm¨sse≥ ]Xn∏v
ae-bm-f-Ønse P-{]nb hm¿Øm
ssZhm-cn-I-bmb t{ImkvtdmUpw
ka-Im-enI {]ta-b-߃°m-bp≈
A¥¿tZ-iob ae-bm-fw-˛-Cw-•ojv
amkn-I-bmb do˛-Un-kvI-h¿ tIcfbpw
tN¿∂p≈ kwcw-`w.
crossroad graphics
doUn-kvI-h¿ tIcf tUm´v tIman¬
t{ImkvtdmUv hmbn-°mw.
cmyk
2. 2
2
^m-j-≥- 2008 Un-k-w_¿- 15˛31
{]-Im-i-Øn-p- Iq-´m-bn- Pm-eIfp-sS- `w-Kn- Iq-´p-∂-
- - - °p-∂X.v - tIm¿-∏td-‰-v B-ÿm-w-
- -
hn≥-tUm- ^m-j≥-kv- D-Xv-]-∂- U¬-ln-bn-em-W.v - apw-ss_,- _mw-
߃- ^m-j≥- X-cw-Kw- D-W¿-Øp- K-fq¿,- sN-ss∂,- sIm-®n,- ssl-Z-
∂p.- hn≥-tUm- I-hdn-Mv- hn-]Wn-
- - cm-_m-Zv,- A-lΩZm-_m-Zv,- ]q-s,-
- -
bn¬- tem-IØn-se- ap≥-n-c°m-
- - m-K]q¿,- sIm¬-°Ø- F-∂n-hn-
-v -
cpw- B¿-°n-sS-IvNd¬- D¬-]∂-
- - - S-ßfn¬- am¿-°‰n-M-v Hm-^n-kp-I-
- -
ß-fp-sS- n¿-am-Xm-°-fp-am-b- l- fp-≠.v -
≠¿- U-•kv- hn-hn-[- n-cIfn-ep-
- - - Sn- kn- F-kv,- sF-^sf-Ikv,-
v- v-
≈- I¿-´p-Iƒ- tI-cfØn¬- F-
- - - bm-lq,- A-sk≥-Nz¿,- k-Xyw- I-
Øn-®p.- ºyq-´¿- kn-Ãw-kv,- Hm-d°nƒ,- F-
-
_m-se- t{U-∏dn- jo-b¿,- Up-
- ®v- kn- F¬,- Ãm≥-tU¿-Uv- Nm¿-
b-‰-v l-Wn-tImw-_-v tj-U,v - kn¬- t´-Uv,- sF- _n- Fw,- dn-eb≥-kv,-
-
lu-´v- hn≥-tUm- tj-Un-Mv,- eq-an- F-®v- kn- F¬,- F-®v- sF- F-
-‰v- ss{]-h-kn- jo-b¿,- hn-Kv-s- F¬,- C-µn-cm-Km-‘n- C-‚¿-m-j-
s‰- hn≥-tUm- tj-Un-Mv- Xp-Sßn- - W¬- F-b¿-t]m¿-´v- Xp-Sßn-bh- - -
b-h-bm-Wv- l-≠¿- U-•-kn-s‚- bm-W-v I-ºn-bp-sS- Nn-e- {]-ap-J-
-
l-≠¿- U-•-kv-
hn≥-tUm-
I-h-dnw-Kv-kv-
D¬-]∂- t{i-Wn-bn¬- {]-ap-Jam-
- - tIm¿-∏td-‰-v C-S]m-Sp-Im¿.-
- -
b-h.- {]-Im-iØn--v F-√m-Øn-t-
- tI-cfØn¬- sIm-®n-bn-em-W-v
- -
bpw- am-‰m-m-Ipw- F-∂-v l-≠¿- U- l-≠¿- U-•-kn-s‚- B-Zy- Km-e-
•-k-v kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p.- dn- Xp-d∂n-´p-≈X.v - ssh-‰n-ebn-se-
- - -
D-]-tbm-‡m-°-fp-sS- B-h- ªm-¶-v hn≥-tUm- Un-ssk-t-gkn- -v
iym-p-kcWw- hy-Xy-kXßfm-
- - v- - - s‚- `m-Kam-bm-W-v A-dp-∂q-d-v N-Xp-
-
b- h-ep-∏Øn-epw- n-dØn-epw- I-
- - c-{i- A-Sn- hn-kvXo¿-Wap-≈- Km- - -
h-dnw-Kp-Iƒ- e-`y-am-W.v - am-p-hepw- - e-dn- {]-h¿-Øn-°p-I.- I-ºn- C- -
tam-t´m-ssd-kv-Up-am-b- ssª≥- ¥y-bn¬- hn¬-°p-∂- F-√m- D¬-
Up-Iƒ- D-≠v.- dn-tam-´v- kw-hn-[m- ]-∂ßfpw- Km-edn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cn-
- - -
-ßfp-am-Imw.- N-Xp-c{i- A-Sn-°-v
- - °pw.- Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- A-©m-
60 cq-]- ap-X¬- 500 cq-]- h-sc-bp- a-sØ- Km-edn-bm-Wn-X.v - C-¥y-bn-
-
≈-Xm-W-v km-[m-cW- hn≥-tUm- I- - sem-´m-sI- 15 Km-edn-Ifm-Wp-≈- - -
h-dnw-Kp-Iƒ.- Xv.- k-ao-]- `m-hn-bn¬- 10 F-Æw-
s-X¿-e≥-Uv-kn-se- tdm-´¿- Iq-Sn- Xp-d°pw.- -
Umw- B-ÿm-am-°n- 1919˛¬- {]-
- Iq-Sp-X¬- cq-]`w-Kn-bn¬- kp- -
h¿-Øam-cw-`n-®Xm-Wv- l-≠¿-
- - - J-Icam-b- A-¥co-£w- kr-jSn-
- - - v-
U-•k.v - sam-Øw- 164 I-ºn-Ifm-
- - - °p-∂- D¬-]-∂-߃- sIm-®n-bn-
Wv- {Kq-∏n-ep-≈X.v - q-dn-e[n-Iw- cm-
- - epw- A-hXcn-∏n-°p-∂Xn¬- A-Xn-
- - -
Py-ßfn¬- hym-]n-®p-In-S°p-∂- C-
- - bm-b- B-Àm-Z-ap-s≠-∂v- D-Zv-Lm-
h-bn¬- 65 n¿-am-W- bq-Wn-‰p-I- S-®Sßn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-Ø- I-ºn-
- - - -
fpw- 99 A-kw-ªn- bq-Wn-‰p-I-fpw- bp-sS- C-¥y- Hm-∏-td-j≥-kv- am-
Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂p.- B-sI- 19,-000 Po-h- t-Pn-Mv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- ]n.-sI.- kp-
-°m-cm-W-v I-ºn-bn-ep-≈X.v - C-
- - µ-c- aq¿-Øn- hy-‡am-°n.- D-]tbm- - -
¥y-bn-se- {]-h¿-Ø-w- 1995˛¬- ‡m-hn-s‚- B-hiy-IXbpw- Xm¬- - - -
B-cw-`n-®p.- cm-Py-sØ- n¿-am-W- ]-cy-ßfp-ap-kcn-®m-W-v `q-cn-`m-Kw-
- - -
tI-{µ-hpw- A-kw-ªn- bq-Wn-‰pw- D¬-]∂ßfpw- X-øm-dm-°n-bn-´p-
- - -
kn¬-hm-k-bn-em-Wv- {]-h¿-Øn- ≈-sX-∂pw- aq¿-Øn- Iq-´n-t®¿-Øp.-
ln-a-
s{S≥-Uv
sh¬-h-‰v-
]m-h-Iƒ- {In-kvakv- th-fbn¬- ho-Sp-Ifn¬- Xq-°n-bn-Sm-pw- k-Ωm-
- -
- - -v
-
-
-
-
-
-am-bn- -eIm-pw- sh¬-h‰v- ar-Kcq-]߃.- Iq-Sp-X¬- kzm-
v- - -
`m-hn-IXb°m-bn- Xq-hep-Ifpw- D-]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-
-
3. sabn≥ kv-t‰m-dn- 2008 Un-k-w_¿- 15˛31 3
k-am-¥-c- t]m-eo-kv-
kv-t‰-j-p-Iƒ
quot;quot;`m-cXsa-∂p-tI-´m¬...''- B-flm-`n-am--
- - c-m-b- quot;{]-Xn'- `o-j-Wn-°p-ap-∂n¬- h-g- hym-tP-- F-¥p- sIm-≈cp-Xm-baIfpw-
- v- - - Cu- cm-j{v- S-ob°m¿- o-Xn-ym-bw- -SØp-
- - - t]m-eo-kv- kvt‰-jp-Iƒ-°pw- tIm-SXn-
- - -
ap-≈- H-cp- i-cm-icn- `m-cXo-bv- C-∂v- `m- - - - ßn- ]m¿-´n- Hm-^o-kn-se-Øp-∂p.- ]n-s∂- sN-øp-Ibpw- A-Xn-s-sb-√mw- ym-bo-I-
- ∂p- F-∂- hym-tP-- k-m-[m-c-W-°m-c- Iƒ-°pw- t-sc- sIm-™w- Im-´p-Ibm- - -
c-X-w- F-∂p- tI-´m¬- R-c-ºp-I-fn¬- c- h-nkXm-chpw- hm-Z{]-Xn-hm-Zhpw- -S°p-
- -v - - - - cn-°p-Ibpw- sN-øp-∂- ]m¿-´n-bpw- A-Xn-
- p-ta¬- A-Xn-{I-ahpw- I-S∂p-Ib‰hpw- -
- - - - - Wn-h¿.- cm-Py-sØ- F-√m- {]-iv--߃-
‡w- Xn-f°p-∂X-v kz-¥w- cm-Py-sØ-°p-
- - ∂p.- F-√m-‰n-p-sam-Sp-hn¬- kzm-`m-hn-Ia- - s‚- a-XXo-{h-hmZn-Ifm-b- t]m-jI- kw-
- - - S-Øp-∂- I-mcyØn¬- am-{Xw- H-‰s°-´m-
- -- - °pw- C-Ø-cw- k-am-¥-c t]m-eo-kv- kv-
dn-®p-≈- A-`n-am-w-sIm-≠√,- a-dn-®v- cm- - m-bpw- ]m¿-´n- A-p-Iq-en-bm-b- ]-cm-Xn-°m- L-SIfpw-,- ]n-s∂- hn-πhw- {]-kw-Kn-°p-
- - - - Wv.- A-hn-sS- am-{Xw- sIm-Sn-°v- n-d-t`-Z- t‰-jp-Iƒ-°pw- tIm-SXn-Iƒ-°pw- F-¥p-
-
jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬- Cu- c-m-Py-Øv- c-v- A-p-Iq-e-am-b- hn-[n- h-cp-∂p.- ]-e- I-bpw- km-[m-c-W-°m-c-p-th-≠n- -n-e- hp-an-√,- sN-øp-∂- h-rØn-tI-Sn-s‚- Im-cy-
- {]-k‡n-bm-Wp-≈X!--
- -
km-[m-cW°m-cp t-sc -S°p-∂- A-- - - - - t∏m-gpw- H-‰s∏-´hpw- F-Xn¿-°m≥- {Xm-
- - - sIm-≈p-∂p- F-∂p- ho-ºp-]-d-bp-I-bpw- Øn¬- A-`n-{]m-b- hy-Xy-mkhp-an-√.- Im-
- - G-I]£o-bam-b- hn-[n- {]-Jym-]n-°p-I-
- - -
Xn-{I-aßtfmSp-≈- tcm-jØn-s‚- t]-cn-
- - Wn-bn-√m-Øhp-am-b- quot;{]-Xn'- k- - - bp-w- `o-jWn- bn-eq-sS- A-Xv- -S∏m-°p-I-
- - -
em-Wv.- Cu- c-mPy-Øv- P-n-®X-n¬- A-`n- - am-¥c- t]m-eo-kn-s≥-d- hn-[n-°p-
- bpw- sN-øp-∂- C-Øcw- kw-hn-[m-߃-
- -
am-w-sIm-t≈-≠Xn-p ]Icw-,- A-]am- - - - - - ap-∂n¬- A-Sn-bdhp- ]-dbp-∂p.- A- - - - km-[m-cW°m-cm-b- Hcp- ]u-c-v F-¥p-
- - - -
w- k-ln-t°-≠n-hcp-∂- i-cm-icn- ]u-c- - - ß-s- {Z-hy-jShpw- am-lm-n- - -v - - ym-bam-W-v ¬-Im≥- I-
-
v- kz-¥w- cm-Py-tØm-Sv- ]p-—am-Wv- ]-e- - bpw- kw-`hn-°p-∂- km-[m-cW°m-
- - - gn-bp-I?-
t∏m-gpw- tXm-∂p-I.- A-Xn-s‚- ap-gp-h≥- D- c-cp-sS- F-Æw- Zn-htk-- Iq-Sn-hcn- - kz-¥w- ]m¿-´n-bp-sS- Aw-
Ø-chm-ZnØ-hpw- Cu- cm-Py-sØ- F-Æn-
- I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- K-߃-°pw- A-p-`m-hn-
b-msem-Sp-ßm-Ø- cm-j{So-b- ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-
- v- kzm-`m-hn-Iam-bpw- A-Øcw- ]o-U- - - Iƒ-°pw- ym-bw- F-∂- hym-
- -
°pw- A-h¿- kw-L-Sn-X-am-bn- H-‰-s∏-´- -߃- A-p-`hn-t°-≠n-hcp-∂- - - tP-- A-ym-bam-b- t-´ßƒ-
- -
hs‚- t¿-°-v -SØp-∂ I-S∂m-{I-aW- - - - h¿-°v- kz-¥- cm-Py-tØm-Spw- A-
hp-am-W.v - C-Øcw- I-S∂m-{I-aWØn-s‚- - - - - hn-Sp-sØ- Ip-Øgn-™- cm-j{v- So-b- -
G-‰hpw- -√- D-Zm-lcWam-W-v cm-j{So-b-
- - - - -v ˛km-ap-Z-m-bn-I- hy-h-ÿn-Xn-tbm-
]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS- quot;k-am-¥-c- t]m-eo-kv- kv- Spw- ]-p—w- tXm-∂p-Ibpw- A-Xn-s‚
- -
t‰-jp-Iƒ'.- - t]-cn¬- tNm-cXn-f°p-Ibpw- sN- - - -
F-¥m-Wv- Cu- k-a-m-¥-c- t]m-eo-kv- kv- øp-∂X-v Xn-I®pw- kzm-`m-hn-Iw.- h-
- -
t‰-jp-Iƒ-?- Cu- cm-Py-Øv- n-ba߃-
- - - - kvXp- X-¿°w-,- h-gn-X¿-°w,- A-Xn-
- -
-S∏n-em-°p-hm-pw- ym-bhy-hÿ- D-d-
- - - {I-an-®p- I-S-°¬,- ]n-Sn-®p-]-dn-
∏p-hcpØp-hm-pw- t]meo-k-v kvt‰-jp-
- -- - - °¬,- tm-°p-Iq-en,- ]-Wkw_- -
I-fpw- tIm-SXn-Ifp-ap-≠v.- A-ym-bsØ- - - - ‘-am-b- hy-hlm-c߃-...- A-ß- - -
F-Xn¿-°p-hm-pw- ym-bw- -S∏n-em-°m- - s- F-¥n-pw- G-Xn-pw- quot;]-cn-lm-
p-ap-≈- H-cp- cm-Py-Øn-s‚- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- cw'- D-≠m-°m-p-≈- k-am-¥c- hy- -
kw-hn-[m-ßfm-Wv- A-h.- P-m-[n-]Xy- - - - h-ÿn-Xn-bm-bn- h-f-cp-I-bm-Wv-
aq-ey-߃- ap-dp-°n-∏n-Sn-°p-∂- H-cm-fpw- {]- ]m¿-´n- Hm^o-kp-Iƒ.- hn-[n- Xn-I-
kvXp-X- kw-hn-[m-sØ- F-Xn¿-°p-Ibp-
- - - ®qw- G-I]£o-bw- B-bn-cn-°pw- F-∂p-
- - -
an-√.- H-cp- cm-Py-Øn-se- ym-bhyhÿ- - -- - ]-d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m.- A-Xm-Wv- m-´n-se-
k-pKaam-bn- -S∏m-°p-∂Xn--v A-h- H-´pw-
- - - - - km-[m-cW°c-v t-cn-tS-≠n-hcp∂- G-
- - - - - --
H-gn-®p-Iq-Sm-ØXp-am-W.v - A-Xn¬- B¿-°p- - ‰-hpw- hen-b- Zp-c¥hpw.- -
w- H-cp- X¿-°hp-an-√Xm-pw.- - - t]me-okv- kvt‰-jp-Isf-bpw- tIm-SXn-
- - - - -
F-∂m¬- cm-j{v- So-b- ]m¿-´n-Ifp-sS- Hm^o- - I-sf-bpw- I-h-®p-h-®v- cm-jv-{So-b- ]m¿-´n-
kp-Iƒ- t]m-eo-k-v kvt‰-jp-Ifp-sS-bpw- - - - I-fp-sS- C-Øcw- k-am-¥c- t]m-eo-k-v kv- - -
tIm-SXn-Ifp-sS-bpw- ÿm-w- kz-bw- G-
- - t‰-jp-Ifpw- tIm-SXn-Ifpw- h-fcp-∂Xv- Zq-
- - - - -
s‰-Sp-Ø-v quot;ym-bw'- -S∏m-°m≥- {i-an-°p- - c-hym-]Iam-b,- - A-]ISIcam-b- hn-]Øn-
- - - - - - - -
I-bpw,- quot;hn-[n'- I¬-]n-°p-Ibpw- quot;in-£'- - te-°p-≈- Nq-≠p-]eIbm-W.v - - - -
-S∏m-°p-Ibp-w- sN-øp-∂n-SØm-Wv- k-
- - - C-Øcw- k-am-¥c- t]meo-k-v kvt‰-jp-
- - - -
am-¥c- t]m-eo-k-v kvt‰-j≥- F-∂- A-]-
- - I-fp-sS- XnÆ- n-ctß-≠n-hcp∂- km-[m- - - --
I-Sw- ]-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂X.v - - c-W°m-cm-b- quot;{]-Xn-Iƒ-°'- ym-bw- e`n-
- v
C-Øcw- k-am-¥c- t]m-eo-k-v kvt‰-jp-
- - - °n-√- F-∂p-am-{X-a√,- B-flm`n-am-w- {h- -
I-fp-sS- {]-h¿-Øco-Xn- C-ßs-bm-W.v - - - - W-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- {Z-hy--jv-Sw- D-≠m-I-p-I-
kzm-`m-hn-Iam-bpw- Xm≥- Aw-Ktam- A-s√-- - bpw- sN-øp-∂p F-∂Xm-W-v G-‰hpw- ]-cn- - -
¶n¬- X-n-°v- A-p-`m-h-tam- D-≈- H-cp- Xm-]-I-c-am-b- h-iw.- {]-tXy-In-®pw- km-
]m¿-´n-bp-sS- Hm-^o-kn-te-°m-Ipw- ]-cm- º-Øn-I-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´- G-sX-¶-n-
Xn-°mc≥- ]-cm-Xn-bp-am-bn- t]m-Ip-I.- ]- epw- {]-iØn-t∑-ep-≈- ]-cmXn- Xo¿-°-
-v - c-Ww,- km-[m-cW°m-cs- hn-c´n-bpw- `o-
- - - - D-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw- A-Xn-s‚- t]-
-
cm-Xn- In-´n-bm-ep-S-s- ]m¿-´n- Hm-^o-kn- em-sW-¶n¬ A-Xn¬- -s√m-cp- ]-¶-v ]m¿- j-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bpw- A-ym-bam-bn- ]m¿-
- cn¬- ]m¿-´n-°pw- A-Xn-s‚- t-Xm-°∑m¿-
-
se- tOm-´m- t-Xm-hv- quot;F-Xn¿-I£n'-sb- - ´n- ^-≠n-te-°pw- ]m¿-´n- Hm-^o-kn-se- sN-øp-∂- ]m¿-´n-Ifpw- A-Xn-s‚- t]m-j-
- ´n- ^-≠nte-°pw- tOm-´m- t-Xm-°∑m-
-- - °pw- km-ºØn-I- t-´ßƒ- D-≠m-°p-
- -
Hm-^o-kn-te-°-v hn-fn-∏n-°p-∂p.- h-cm≥- X- tOm-´m- t-Xm-°∑m-cp-sS- t]m-°‰n-te- - - I- kw-LSIfp-am-W-v C-Øcw- k-am-¥-
- - - - - cp-sS- t]m-°‰n-te-°pw- H-gp-Ip-∂- ]-Ww-
- I-bpw- sN-øp-I- F-∂Xn-∏p-dw- C-Øcw-
- - -
øm-dm-bn-s√-¶n¬- `-o-j-Wn-bp-sS- kz-c- °pw- t]m-Ipw- F-∂Xm-W-v ]-cam¿-∞w.- - - c- t]m-eo-kv- kvt‰-jp-Ifp-sS- {]-[m--
- - - c-≠p-Iq-´¿-°pw- I-b°n-√t√m.-
-v - k-am-[¥c- t]m-eo-k-v kvt‰-jp-Iƒ-°-v
- - -
Øn-em-W-v A-Sp-Ø- kw-km-cw.- ]-et∏mg- - sIm-Sn-bp-sS- n-d-t`-Z-sa-ty- F-√m- cm- D-]⁄m-Xm-°ƒ.- cm-Py-sØ- o-Xn-ym-b- hy-hÿItfm-- - th-sd- Hcp- e-£y-hp-an-√Xm-pw.- k-Ie-
- -
pw- {]-tXy-In-®v- G-sX-¶n-epw- ]m¿-´n-tbm- jv{Sob- ]m¿-´n-Ifpw- C-Xn-v- D-Øchm-Zn-
- - - - sIm-Sn-bp-sS- n-d-hy-Xym-kØn-s‚-bpw- Sp-≈- G-‰hpw- h-en-b- sh-√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv-
- am-- {In-an-¬˛am-^n-bm- k-w-L-߃-
Sv- A-p-`m-h-tam- ]m¿-´n- X-e-ß-f-n¬- ]n- I-fm-Wv.- {]-tXy-In-®v,- tZ-ikvt-lhpw- - - - cm-jv{So-b- tN-cn-Xn-cn-hn-s‚-bpw- t]-cn¬-
- cm-jv{So-b- ]m¿-´n-Ifp-sS- C-Øcw- k-am-
- - - °pw- Iq-´p-n¬-°p-∂p-- C-Øcw- cmjv{So-
- -
Sn-]m-tSm- C-√m-Ø- sh-dpw- km-[m-cW°m- - - a-Xkt-lhpw- Du-´n-bp-d∏n-°m≥- F-∂-
- -v - - X-Ωn¬-Ø√n- X-eIo-dp-∂- A-Wn-Ifp-≈-
- - - ¥-c- t]meo-kv- kvt‰-jp-Iƒ.- -Ωp-sS-
- - b-°m-¿.-
n-b-aw-
A--[n-Ir-X- C-d-®n- hn-ev-]--im-e-Iƒ- A-S-®p-]q-´-Ww-:- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-
kw-ÿm--Øv- sse≥-kn-√m-sX- {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- A- d-®n- s]m-Xp-P--߃- Im-¨-sI- {]-Z¿-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xp- X-S-b-W- -S-]-Sn-Iƒ- n¿-Øn-h-bv-°m-p-≈- hn-[n- ]p--c-h-tem-I-w-
-[n-Ir-X- C-d-®n- hn-ev-]--im-e-Iƒ- A-S-®p-]q-´m≥- X-t±-i- sa-∂pw- tIm-S-Xn- n¿-tZ-in-®p.- C-°m-cy-ß-fn¬- kzo-I-cn-®- -S- sN-ø-W-sa-∂- kw-ÿm-- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- B-h-iyw- tI-c-f-
kz-bw-`cW- ÿm-]߃-°-v tI-cf- ssl-t°m-SXn- n¿- ]-Sn-Iƒ- tIm-SXn-sb- A-dn-bn-°Ww.-
- - - - - - - - ssl-t°m-S-Xn- n-c-kn-®p.-
tZ-iw- ¬-In.- {In-kakv- ko-kWn¬- C-d®n-°SIƒ-°v- Xm-XIm-en-I- sse-
v- - - - - - v- k¿-°m-cn-p-th-≠n- Xp-d-ap-J- h-Ip-∏v- sk-{I-´-dn- k-a¿-
k≥-kv- A-p-h-Zn-°p-∂- Im-cyw- 16˛-v- tIm-S-Xn- ]-cn-K-Wn-°pw.- ∏n-®- dn-hyq- l¿-Pn-bm-Wv- No-^v- P-Ão-kv- F-®v.-F¬- Z-Øp- ,-
tem- t]m-bn‚ v- kw-ÿm--sØ- `q-cn-`m-Kw- C-d-®n- hn-ev-]--im-e-I-fn-epw- ip-Nn-
I-cn-°w-]≈n-¬- Xzw- C-s√-∂m-Wp- tIm-SXn-°v- dn-t∏m¿-´v- e-`n-®n-´p-≈Xv.- A-[n-
- -
Ir-X- A-d-hp-im-e-Iƒ-s°-Xn-tc- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- t-c-sØ- kz-
-
P-Ão-kv- F.-sI- _-jo¿- F-∂n-hcpƒ-s∏-´- Un-hn-j≥- _-©v-
X-≈n-bXv.-
-
-
tI-kn¬- k¿-°m¿- D-∂-bn-®- ]-e- hm-Z-ap-J-ß-fpw- Un-
sse-k≥-kv- C-√m-Ø-h¿- I-im-∏v- -S-Øp-∂n-s√-∂v- A- ta-[-bm- tI-sk-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p.- hn-j≥- _-©v- ]-cn-KWn-®n-s√-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- dn-hyq- l¿-Pn-bn¬-
-
[n-Ir-X¿- D-d-∏p- h-cp-Ø-W-sa-∂v- P-Ão-kv- tXm-´-Øn¬- _n.- ]-d-™n-cp-∂-Xv.- A-tX-k-a-bw- Xp-d-ap-J- n¿-am-W- I-cm-dn-
cm-[m-Ir-jv-W≥- D-Ø-c-hn-´p.- A--[n-Ir-X- C-d-®n- hn-ev-]-- hn-gn-™w- Xp-d-ap-Jw-:- p-th-Wv-Sn- kqw- U-h-e-t∏-gv-kv- k-a¿-∏n-®- sS≥-U¿- c-≠m-gv-
im-e-Iƒ-s°-Xn-cm-b- -S-]-Sn-°p- t]m-eo-kv- k-lm-bw- ¬- N-bv°Iw- ]-cn-tim-[n-°W- sa-∂- n¿-tZ-iw- ]m-en-°p-∂Xn-
- - - -
Im-pw- Pn-√m- ]-©m-b-Øn-tm-Sv- -S-]-Sn-°v- ta¬-tm-´w- h- d-n-hyq- l¿-Pn- X-≈n- v- Iq-Sp-X¬- k-a-bw- th-W-sa-¶n¬- k¿-°m-cn-v- B-h-iy-
ln-°m-pw- tIm-S-Xn- n¿-tZ-in-®n-´p-≠v.-hn-ev-]--bv-°p-≈- C- hn-gn-™w- Xp-d-ap-J- n¿-am-W-hp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-´- I-cm¿- s∏-Sm-sa-∂p- tIm-S-Xn- ]-d-™p.-