Slide about the End of English Restoration

1. END OF RESTORATION
A union of Parlamentarians called
Dutch stadtholder
William III of Orange-Nassau (William
of Orange)
Gloriuos Revolution (1688) was called
all the actions against James II
After overthrow of James II of
England, he tried to flee to France.
Captured in Kent. Later William let
him escape
Mary II – daughter of James II was
declared queen, and her husband
declared king
Mary and William married in 1677,
and she supported him in the
attack to James II
James II send a new Declaration of
Indulgence
but it was rejected by clergymen
April 1688
William let him escape on
December 1688 and was received
in France by his cousin Louis XIV
The English Parliament passed
the Bill of Rights of 1689 that
denounced James for abusing his
power

2. QUEEN MARY II
Mary II married w/ William in 1677
Mary miscarried twice 1678 –
Uncapable to have children
Protestant. Her marriage w/ William
was political. She help her husband
to “save” England from Catholicism
Mary and Anne were sisters, they
fell out after 1688. Anne hate
William.
In 1692 Anne was retired from the Royal
Court. Accused for Jacobite plot.
Mary and William rebuilt a mansion.
Today Kesington Palace.
Mary was in the background of goverment
Mary and William really loved each other,
but was rarely together

3. WILLIAM III
Born in November 1650
Son of Prince William II of Holland
His mother Mary Stuart, daughter of Charles I
Bloodline to the Stuarts. Married w/ Mary II in 1677
William had a good reputation: he had saved
United Provinces from Louis XIV in the Franco-
Dutch War (1672/79)
William was seen as a main protector of the
Protestant faith in Western Europe
As king of England, William wanted to continue his
‘crusade’ against France and Louis XIV.
Whig Party was a single entity before William´s
reign, supporting his attack. Later split in 2: The
Court Wighs supporting William, and The Country
Whigs, against him

4. WILLIAM III
In September 1697, Louis had signed the Treaty of
Rijswijk in which France agreed to give up all her
territories conquered after 1678

5. QUEEN ANNE
Queen Anne reigned from March 1702 to August 1714
Anne’s death ended the Stuart dynasty as she had no
surviving children. Born on February 6th 1665
Daughter of James II and sister of Mary II
Anne was brought up as a Protestant. In 1683 Anne
married Prince George of Denmark
Pregnant on seventeen occasions but only gave birth
to five living children all of whom died in childhood
Anne was very religious, and she believed it was a
punishment from God, because her sins
When she became Queen, Anne took an automatic
dislike to any politician who had been closely
associated with William

6. QUEEN ANNE
She had her favourites, the two most prominent
were Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough and Mrs
Abigail Masham, a cousin of Robert Harley
Anne had a very pious life, and condemned the
bad behavior of the politicians
Anne left government in the hands of politicians
she trusted: Malborough, Godolphin and Harley
The first parliament of Anne had to deal with the
War of Spanish Succession
The Second Parliament was politically more
evenly balanced: Wighs = Tories
The Third Parliament was dominated by Whigs,
they offered the peace to France, but they
rejected it, because english anormalities
Between some fight for the power, Anne was
very ill and old. George I was her succesor