It helps to understand the history of Indian Television.

1. HISTORY OF TELEVISION
Dr J. JANARDHAN,DFM, JGI

2. EARLY EXPERIMENTS
• Experiments in television broadcasting started in 1920 in USA
& Europe
• In 1923, invented the iconoscope, electric TV tube
• Kinescope/picture tube –electric TV camera-TV home receiver
arrived rapidly
• In 1930,NBC had set up TV station in New York
• BBC had also set up TV station in London
• Germany and France too established TV stations
• WW-II put brake to further development

3. EARLY EXPERIMENTS
• Nazi Germany television was widely used TV
• Nazi party conventions were televised
• 1936, Berlin Olympics was staged gigantic propaganda
• By the 1950, Television had become a feature life
• There were 41 TV stations covered in 23 cities in the USA
• The age of satellite communication dawned in 1962
• ‘Early bird’ was first communication satellite launched by USA
• Intelsat & Intersputnik began operating in 1965 & 1971

4. EARLY EXPERIMENTS
• All most every country has launched satellite TV programmes
• More sophisticated transmission techniques were invented
• Japan succeeded in designing computer controlled network
The audio visual cassette-
Video tape recorder-
CCtv-
Cable TV-
DTH-
HDTV & IPTV have changed the course of development
• Digital technology enhanced number of channels & media platforms

5. EARLY EXPERIMENTS
• Rapid growth of TV has irregular in the world
• African & Asian countries still to possess their own satellites
• UNO,UNESCO,UNDP have initiated several efforts to narrow
this gap

6. INDIAN TELEVISION
• In 1959 Philips (India) made an offer to the govt.
• It demonstrated transmitters uses at exhibition in New Delhi
• With the aim of experimental basis to train personnel and
What it can achieve?
• A UNESCO sponsored to purchase of community receivers
• The USA offered equipments to establish TV station in India
• On 15th Sep, 1959, Delhi TV centre went on air
• The range of transmission was 40 KM

7. INDIAN TELEVISION
• The programmes began to be beamed twice a week
• Each of 20 minutes duration
• UNESCO conducted survey in 1961 & concluded that it has
some impact
• Entertainment & information programmes were introduced in
1965
• Federal Germany helped in setting up a TV production studio
• By 1970, duration of the programme was increased to 3 hrs

8. INDIAN TELEVISION
• In January 1967, Krishi darshan Programme was began
• By the early 70s, demand had raised
• In 1972, Bombay centre was opened
• 1973, TV centers were in Srinagar, Amritsar and Pune
• In 1975, Calcutta, Madras & Lucknow were set up
• From 1st Jan, 1976 commercials started at all centres
• Television became independent in the same year
• in 1977, terrestrial transmitters were set up in Jaipur,
Hyderabad, Raipur, Gulbarga, Sambhalpur and so on

9. INDIAN TELEVISION
• TV programmese reached to 100 millions at end of the decade
• 1st August, 1975, SITE brought India international prestige
• Four hours telecast beamed every day from Delhi and
Ahmadabad stations
• It mainly focused on Education, Agriculture, Health and Family
planning
• It telecasted satellite programmes in 2400 villages in Bihar,
Orissa, MP, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka

10. INDIAN TELEVISION
• It gave valuable experience for both hardware & Software
• Hardware people realized that it was no mean task
• Space Application Centre (SAC) reveals that programmes were
incomprehensible
• Inappropriate use of telecast language was the single factor
• TV played an important role for gain in Knowledge in the field of
animal husbandry, agriculture and health
• 75% of the respondents felt that programmes were useful
• In 1986, six terrestrial transmitters started beaming programmes in
SITE villages

11. INDIAN TELEVISION
• Kheda Communication project has launched in 1975
• Space Application Centre supported the project
• Kheda is small district in Gujarat surrounded by two tribal
districts
• 607 TV sets have been installed in 443 villages
• Programmes were produced by DD & SAC
• Early serials Chatur Mota on the subjects of dowry and widow
marriages
• It highlighted the dominance of authoritarianism

12. INDIAN TELEVISION
• SAC software team scrapped the serial at once
• Kheda carried out over a decade
• More Women & Men gained knowledge on health, nutrition
and family planning etc
• Kheda team believed that communication could play a
major role in accelerating development

13. TELEVISION GENRES
• Television news-Hard core news doesn’t lie in these events
• News bulletins & Current affairs
• New Trends-every major news paper publishers owns channels
• DD network has 34 channels with DD News
• BBC & CNN too are major players in Indian news media
• Advt. in the News-Print media (48%) TV-(41%), Radio, the
internet & mobiles fetch less than 5%
• Crime based programmes on news channels

14. TELEVISION GENRES
• Crime special became integral part of 24X7 news channels
• The attempt is to reconstruct and dramatize real-life crime
• Spoofs on the news- Satirical take offs
• TV documentaries
• Talk shows
• Children programmes
• Talent Hunt shows
• Reality TV Shows
• Religious programmes

15. TELEVISION GENRES
• Soap Operas
• Humlog-156 episodes of serial were telecast twice a week
from July 7, 1984 to Dec 17, 1985
• In quick succession, Khandaan & Buniyaad became more
popular

16. THANK YOU