agriculture

1.  Employment in the agriculture sector decreased
from 1.48 million in 2008 to 1.47 million in 2010,
a decline of 0.1 per cent.
 Tight labour situation and consequently was
dependent on registered foreign and efforts to
utilize mechanical harvesting technology in the
plantation .
 Hence, the problems of agricultural labour are
manifold such as lack of quality labour, problem
aging of labour and so on.

3. Labour Problems in
Agriculture
Lack of labour
Labour quality
The issues of competition
between local and foreign
labour
Problem aging of labour
evolution of technology

4.  Migration of labour
from agriculture to non-agricultural
sector .
 Lack of interest among
local youths.
 Other sectors
competing for labour .
 Negative thinking by
Malaysian.

5.  Low wages with the heavy workload and the
welfare of workers has not been concerned well.
 Not have a good future.
 Lower wages from agriculture compare to others
sector are not enough or an individual to cover
their life expenses.
 Low social status.
 Not profitable, very difficult, dangerous, impede to
rising standards of living and working with a dirty
surrounding

6. Labour Quality
 Labour quality in Malaysia.
 They the to analyze and
solve problems.

7. • Lack of technology and fund
in agriculture.
• The aging of labour .
• Chances to approach related
training are limited.

8.  Foreign labour come from
Bangladesh, Indonesia, Thailand
and Filipina.
 Wages for labour lower than
local labour.
 Company or proprietor can save
a lot of overhead to increase
the profits for company.
 Foreign labours are cheaper but
hardworking and willing to does
whatever job that have been
instruct by superior.

9. Problem aging of labour
 Most of the younger generations
with the minimum holder of
degree are more preferred to be a
professional than a labour.
 Many parents have tried to
inculcate the youngsters that a
high education standard person
should work as a professional but
not a labour that same level with
foreign labour in Malaysia.

10. for labour is now to
economize and maximize the profit
 More to involve in field
 Had the labour in agriculture field.
 The probability can be by

12. Labor Wages Issue
A Serious Imbalance between
Industrial and Agricultural Proportion
Affected Productivity of
Agriculture Sector
Less quality of agricultural
education in the labor

13.  As the nation moves up to higher levels of
development, rising factor prices, especially while
shortage of labour, it has become more apparent, it has
lead to rising production costs and commodity prices.
 A big influx of foreign workers could have a profound
effect on the wages of Malaysians and jeopardized the
government's high-income policy.
 These foreign workers will not only be competing with
domestic workers for the same jobs but they could be a
liability if their presence and entry are not controlled.

14. A Serious Imbalance between
Industrial and Agricultural
Proportion
• Transfer of agricultural
surplus labour which argued
strongly encouraged rural
people can solve the surplus
of agricultural labour force,
able to provide cheap labour
for city construction. While
others think the agriculture
demographic transition move
to cities, would increase the
burden on cities.

15.  The agriculture demographic transition
move to cities, this may cause supply-demand
of labor imbalance in that
occupation between industrial and
agricultural sector may cause another
issue.

16. Affected Productivity of Agriculture
Sector
 Modern socialized production and qualities of
labour are important factor to determine the
development of productive forces.
 To measure the level of the quality of the labor
force mainly depends on ：
 ideology ， science and technology ， health
status.


17.  The high quality of labour
brought about by the most
direct positive impact is to
improve productivity and
product quality.
 In contrast to the low quality of
labour will lead to low yield,
increased production costs and
is not conducive to the
development of new high
technology agriculture.

18. Less quality of agricultural
education in the labor
 The socio-economic
development, require
agricultural labor force has
a high scientific and
cultural qualities.
 Improved quality in
agricultural labor demand,
decrease in number.

19. • Government have to come out budget to
launch out education policy or project for
agricultural labour demand situation.

21.  Increase the social
security.
 Provide modal and
subsidy.
 High pay.
 Upgrading labour skills.

22. Social Security
 Agricultural labour has no social security
-no annual leave, no earned leave, no sick leave
and no pension or gratuity.
 Emphasised the provision of basic
infrastructure and social services.
 Strengthening human resource development
and increased participation of the rural
population in economic activities.

23.  Improved standards of living and promoted
potential rural areas for commercial activities.
 Provide some pension
- provides protection to employees.
 Improvement in the ,
, provision of
.

24. Provide modal and subsidy
 Have to their
-give up because the income is not enough
cover for the expenses
provide loans, advances and
other credit facilities
 Government distributes the of
farming input such like ,
etc.

25. • Malaysian Investment Development Authority
(MIDA) produces product encouraged to apply
Investment Tax Allowance (ITA)
-A company that given ITA can get allowance as
much as 60% on capital expenditure eligible
that done in five years period from date of
expenditure of the capital eligible first.

26. for them to their family.
• In 2013, government had
to ensure all the labours can having
the minimum income monthly.
• Department of Agriculture Malaysia - help
agriculture labours - has
provided

27. • Government offered different section of
-enhance the of labour from one
position to another sub-sector in agriculture
-Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based
Industry (MOA) has offered variance courses
and training

28. • learn the from the
professionals and hands-on experiences
• The National Agricultural Training Council
(NATC) - produce
in order for agriculture to
become a modern, dynamic and competitive
private sector.

29. have a major of ensuring that
there is adequate of the
.
should provide some course to their
about the sector.
in the social security, increases
modal and subsidy, given high wages also very important
to in Malaysia.
All these improvement can
participate themselves in sector agriculture.