Guest lecture, SAPP 407, Addictive Behaviors

1. Julie Hynes, MA, CPS
6/19/17
University of Oregon
GAMBLING:Guest Lecture for SAPP 407
Addictive Behaviors

2. The complete slide
deck & print-friendly
handouts are
posted at:
www.preventionlane.org/SAPP
1:07 PM

3. Define trends in
gambling & define
problem/disordered
gambling.
Talk about how
people get help.
1:09 PM
Understand substance abuse
& mental health connections.

6. DEFINITION:
______ something of value
in the _________________
something of greater value.
hopes of obtaining
RISKING
Source: American Psychiatric Association - DSM-5 (2013).

7. Image sources: Oregon Lottery, Hynes

8. out of
every
lottery
dollars
ELECTRONICGAMBLING:
“Video Poker/Slots/Line Games”
Source: Oregon Health Authority
(2012; ibid)
Photo source: Daniel Berman.

9. Photo: Hynes

10. Photo: Daniel Berman

11. THE
GAMIFICATION

12. DAILY FANTASY
SPORTS
Image source: FX Network Image sources: FanDuel.com
Season → Day

13. problem

14. NOTALLGAMBLINGIS PROBLEM
GAMBLING. IT’S ACONTINUUM.
No
Gambling Experimentation
Recreational Problem Pathological
Sources: 1. Moore (2016). 2. Volberg, Hedberg, & Moore (2008). 3. Shaffer & Hall (2001). 4. Northwest Survey & Data Services
(2007). 5. Moore (2001).
Between 2-3% adults 18+ problem gamblers (2.6%)
Teens (13-17 y.o.): 6% at risk or problem gamblers 2
College age (18-24): 5.6% 3
At-Risk
“GAMBLING DISORDER”

17. “reflects the increasing and
consistent evidence that some
behaviors, such as gambling,
activate the brain reward system
with effects similar to those of
drugs of abuse.”
Source: American Psychiatric Association, 2013. http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/changes%20from%20dsm-iv-tr%20to%20dsm-5.pdf
According to the American
Psychiatric Association (APA),
this change to an addiction:

19. PROCESS of
ADDICTION.

20. Typical Phases
of Problem Gambling
Information source: Custer, R. (1982); Lesieur, H. & Rosenthal, M. (1991)
WINNING
LOSING
DESPERATION
HOPELESSNESS

21. These comparisons are of course generalizations & do not by
any means reflect all male & female gamblers.
Comparison by
Start gambling at older
age
Get addicted faster
More likely to be “escape”
gamblers (slots)
More likely to seek help
Start gambling fairly
young (teens, 20s)
Tend to like games of
strategy & “action”
(poker, sports bets)
Less likely to seek
help

22. Source: Brain Briefings (2007, October), Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC
Gambling &Dopamine
Dopamine not released when expecting a loss.
Flooded with dopamine when expecting a win!
It’s not about the money –
it’s about the ACTION of the game and the HOPE of winning.

23. connections

24. (Poole et al. 2017; Hodgins et al. 2010; Najavits et al. 2010; Petry and Steinberg 2005;
Kraus et al. 2003; Taber et al. 1987)
Exposure to early childhood trauma
has consistently been associated with
disordered gambling.

25. 23%
are current
tobacco users
66%
have current
alcohol problems
39%
have had a
mental health
episode of care
Source: Oregon Gambling Treatment Programs Evaluation Update, 2016
24%
experience
suicidal ideation
Have current drug
problems

26. addressing
the issue

27. Because of our time limitations, we’re
focusing today on the services of
treatment & recovery.

28. It often takes
years for
someone to
1) admit they have a problem
2) seek help, and then
3) continue in recovery

29. First Steps to getting help
could be…
24/7 Helpline:
1.877.MY.LIMIT
Referral to provider for
assessment
Often family members come
in; later bring gambler in
This is an actual helpline counselor. Everyone
who answers the phone is a Certified Gambling
Addictions Counselor (CGAC).

30. Treatment is free.
The Oregon legislature requires that 1% OF LOTTERY
PROFITS go to a Problem Gambling Treatment Fund.

31. Minimal intervention (Skype)
Outpatient treatment (44)
Crisis respite (2)
Residential treatment (1)
TREATMENTOPTIONS INOREGON
Local
service
(Lane County)
Local service
(Lane County)

32. IN TREATMENT, 2016:
Outpatient (81%) Residential (5%)
Respite (1%) Home-based (4%)
Prison-based education & treatment (10%)
friends
& family
134
gamblers1,081
Source: Oregon Gambling Treatment Programs Evaluation Update, 2016

33. $32k
85%
87%
24%
$23k
$!
IS THE AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME.
Range is from $0 to over $1million/year.
ARE WHITE. 4.4% Hispanic/Latino., 3.4% Asian. People
of color are under-represented in treatment.
prefer ELECTRONIC GAMBLING.
Video (slots/poker/line games).
Cards 4.1%; scratch-its 1.3%; sports 0.9%;
HAVE COMMITTED CRIMES TO FINANCE THEIR
GAMBLING. Most crimes are “white collar” (forgery,
check fraud, embezzlement.)
IS THE AVERAGE INDIVIDUAL GAMBLING
DEBT.
Oregonians in gambling treatment (2016):

34. WHAT OUTPATIENT Tx IS LIKE:
(SPOTLIGHT: EMERGENCE IN LANE COUNTY)
Treatment free for gamblers and loved ones
- Over 250 problem gamblers and family members treated last year
- Gender-specific
Many different things happen in treatment:
- Individual sessions - Family therapy
- Group sessions - Recreational counseling
- Class type lectures - TV/internet/Skype
55 % male 45% female
IN OREGON GAMBLING TREATMENT:

35. gambler.
IT’S NOT ALL JUST
ABOUT THE
NEED HELP TOO!

36. Learning.
Education about problem gambling as an addiction. What to
watch out for. Gaining tools for financial/legal/other issues.
Dealing with trust issues. Being allowed to vent rage and betrayal.
Healing from more “unfolding truths.”
No more secrets. No more bailouts!
Getting continued support. Renew sense of hope &
empowerment. Determining future of relationship.
Healing.
Growing.

37. FOR MORE INFO ON Tx OPTIONS IN OREGON:
OPGR.ORG (Oregon Problem Gambling Resource)
(Clickable
Link)

38. QUESTIONS?
COMMENTS?

39. facebook.com/preventionlane@PreventionLane