On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
41 Atg&Ctm Fope06
1. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Tank Gauging &Tank Gauging &
Custody TransferCustody Transfer
MeteringMetering
Presentation By Yagnesh Ponkia
CES Instrumentation
Reliance Industries Ltd
3. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Types Of TanksTypes Of Tanks
Cone Roof Tank (With or W/O N2 purging)
Open Floating Roof Tank
Internal Floating Roof Tank. (With N2 Purging)
Dome Roof Tank
Sphere
Horizontal ( Bullet )
4. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Types Of TanksTypes Of Tanks
Open Floating
Roof Tank
Internal Floating
Roof Tank
Cone Roof
Dome Roof
Horizontal
Sphere
5. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Types Of Tanks At JamnagarTypes Of Tanks At Jamnagar
Internal Floating roof (for high vapour pressure)
with N2 blanket (for toxic & flammable liquid) –
for custody transfer - 1C
Internal Floating roof with N2 blanket (For Toxic
& flammable liquid) – Not for Custody transfer -
1N
Cone roof (Atmospheric pressure ) with N2
blanket - for custody transfer - 2C
Cone roof with N2 blanket – Not for custody
transfer - 2N
6. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Types Of Tanks At JamnagarTypes Of Tanks At Jamnagar
Cone roof Custody transfer - 3C
Cone roof not for Custody transfer - 3N
Open Floating roof for custody transfer -4C
Open Floating roof not for custody transfer -4N
Sphere - SC
7. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Level / UllageLevel / Ullage
U lla g e
I n n a g e
S a f e F illin g h ig h t
P r o d u c t s u r f a c e
D a t u m P la t e
8. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
ATG ObjectiveATG Objective (1)(1)
Raw parameter measurements in tank
Level
Temperature
Hydrostatic Pressure
Static Pressure
Water bottom
9. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
ATG Objective (2)ATG Objective (2)
Calculated Tank Inventory
Gross volume @ amb.
Net Volume @ amb.
Net standard volume @ 15 deg C.
Mass
Ullage
10. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Types of Tank gaugingTypes of Tank gauging
Servo
Hydrostatic
Radar
11. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Servo gaugesServo gauges
Static force transducer, which
continuously measures the
weight of the displacer,
controlling the position of a
grooved drum
Density and interface
measurement (for clean
products only)
Specialized maintenance
required.
12. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Hydrostatic tank gaugesHydrostatic tank gauges
Hydrostatic pressure,
measured near the bottom of
the tank.
Direct innage
measurement
No standpipe required
No moving parts
Accurate direct mass
measurement ( + 0.1%)
Density = (P1 - P2) / H
L = C + [ P1 / Density ]
c
13. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Radar type level transmitterRadar type level transmitter.
The time delay between a
transmitted and reflected
microwave signal is used
to measure the distance
between the gauge and
the liquid surface.
D = t/2c
Where: t = time of
flight & c = speed of
light (c = 186,000
miles/sec )
No moving parts
No contact with the liquid
High level accuracy of +/-
1 mm
14. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Radar - The Method FMCWRadar - The Method FMCW
15. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Radar – for Tank GaugingRadar – for Tank Gauging
Refineries
Independent tank
terminals
Marketing terminals
Pipeline terminals
Petrochemical
industry
Liquefied gas
terminals
Airports
16. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Tank dippingTank dipping
It is performed by lowering a
tape covered with paste
through the dip pipe of the
tank and determining the
ullage on basis of the location
of the colour change of the
paste.
Accuracy at best +/- 2 mm
which is twice as inaccurate
as the other tank gauging
methods.
17. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Reliance ATG SystemReliance ATG System
Supplied by : M/S SAAB, Sweden.
Indian Representative : M/S Jost Eng.
Pune.
Consultant : Bechtel Ltd.
18. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
SAAB - Pioneers in Radar TankSAAB - Pioneers in Radar Tank
GaugingGauging
...Saab Rosemount
30 years experience in Radar Level Gauging
Radar for every tank and product
Largest number of accuracy approvals
Largest installed base of Radar Tank Gauges
19. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Large Installed BaseLarge Installed Base
20. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Why Saab Was SelectedWhy Saab Was Selected
No Moving Part
Proven Radar Technique-can Be Used For White
& Black Oils With Different Gauge Head.
Meeting Custody Transfer Requirements
Proven For Interfacing With Foxboro.
21. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
SAAB System ComponentsSAAB System Components
Radar Level Gauge
Multi Spot Temperature Probe
Single Spot Temperature Probe
Bottom Water Level Probe
Vapour/N2 Pressure Transmitter
Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitter
Data Acquisition Unit
Independent Display Unit
Field Communication Unit
Field Bus Modem
OPI Station - HMI
22. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Rex, Custody Transfer AccuracyRex, Custody Transfer Accuracy
1 LNE, France
2 PTB, Germany
3 NMi, Netherlands
4 OIML, International
5 TankRadar
API +- 1/8”
Saab TankRadar
®®
24. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Horn Antenna Gauge – RTGHorn Antenna Gauge – RTG
2920/39202920/3920
Fixed roof tanks
Clean products
Small tank nozzles,
8” or larger
Easy installation on
tanks in operation
No maintenance
25. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Parabolic Antenna Gauge – RTG 2930/3930Parabolic Antenna Gauge – RTG 2930/3930
Excellent for heavy products
Fixed roof tanks
All types of products
Custody transfer accuracy
Close to the tank wall
No maintenance
26. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Reliable antennas for heavy duty serviceReliable antennas for heavy duty service
Rough environments!
After four months in a Sulphur tank
Exposed to asphalt heated to 230°C
27. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Still Pipe Gauge – RTG 2940/3950Still Pipe Gauge – RTG 2940/3950
Floating roof tanks
External / Internal floaters
Installed on existing still pipe
Unaffected by rust and
deposits on the still pipe
5”, 6”, 8”, 10” & 12” pipes
28. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Still pipe gauge – 3950 in Floating roofStill pipe gauge – 3950 in Floating roof
tanktank
29. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
LPG / LNG Gauge – RTG 2960/3960LPG / LNG Gauge – RTG 2960/3960
LPG and LNG
Sphere and Bullet Tanks
150 – 600 PSI
All serviceable parts
outside the tank
30. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Power Supply to REXPower Supply to REX
100 - 240 VAC
Low voltage version:
34 - 70 AC
48 - 100 VDC
Easy start up
Easy commissioning
Easy to connect to existing systems
32. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
AccuracyAccuracy
Level :- +/- 1 mm
Bottom Water Level :- +/- 3 % Of Full Range.
Temperature :- +/- 0.1 Deg C
Hydrostatic Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale
Static Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale
33. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
SAAB System configurationSAAB System configuration
35. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Emulation – Control Room ConnectivityEmulation – Control Room Connectivity
36. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CalibrationCalibration GuidelinesGuidelines
Do not calibrate when
The tank is emptying or filling
Agitators are running.
When there is windy condition.
When there is foam on the surface.
37. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Custody TransferCustody Transfer
Metering SystemMetering System
38. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
PurposePurpose
CTM system can be used for
Receipt of Raw materials
Sale of products / by-products to external
customers
Transfer between legal entities within the
complex
Metering for customs & excise payments
39. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CTM RequirementsCTM Requirements
This metering metering should be acceptable to
--W&M authority of the country
--And product buyer / Seller
Flow metering shall be done as per acceptable
international standards e.g., API manual of
Petroleum measurement standards
40. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Locations of CTMLocations of CTM
Plant1
Company A
CTM Plant2
Company B
CTM
CTM Gantry
Ship
loading
Rail/Road
loading
41. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CTM RequirementsCTM Requirements
Provision for inline validation/proving of the flow
meters
Verification of the complete system against
standard instead of electronics/sensor calibration
only as in case of ordinary flow meters.
42. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CTM RequirementsCTM Requirements
A reliable flow measurement system should consist
of
Accurate flow meters with pressure, temperature
and density compensation
Tantalization of the flow over a period of time/in a
batch - gross volume, gross standard volume,
gross mass
43. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Custody Transfer MeasurementsCustody Transfer Measurements
Following type of flow meters/systems have been
accepted as suitable for custody transfer
metering by the oil & gas industry based on their
performance, accuracy, repeatability and
reliability:
(1) Mass Flow meters
(2) Turbine Meters
(3) Positive Displacement Meters
(4) Ultrasonic Meters
(5) Automatic Tank Gauging
44. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Turbine meterTurbine meter
More compact then
other meters.
Widely accepted for
Custody transfer.
Greater maximum flow
range for low viscous
refined products.
45. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Turbine meterTurbine meter
Requires straight run
or straightening
vanes.
Relatively high
pressure drop /
cavitations.
46. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Positive Displacement metersPositive Displacement meters
measures the flow of
the fluid directly.
It sweeps out a known
volume every cycle
and therefore the flow
is this volume
multiplied by the
cycles per second.
wheels
47. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Positive Displacement metersPositive Displacement meters
Very good Linearity.
No straight run or
straightening vanes.
Good for heavy viscous
products.
wheels
48. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Ultrasonic Flow meterUltrasonic Flow meter
Based on difference in
transit-time method.
New technology.
Viscosity independent.
No filter / strainers
required.
49. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Ultrasonic Flow meterUltrasonic Flow meter
Requires straight run.
Large sizes available.
Suitable for Bi-directional
flow.
50. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Coriolis Mass Flow meterCoriolis Mass Flow meter
Works on Newton’s
second low of motion.
a = m / Fe
Measures mass,
volume, density &
temp. w/o secondary
instrumentation.
51. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Coriolis Mass Flow meterCoriolis Mass Flow meter
High accuracy,
repeatability and
turndown.
Limited to 6” meter
size.
Sensitive to pipe
geometry & vibration.
52. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CTM System at RelianceCTM System at Reliance
Supplied by : M/S Smith Meters, USA.
Consultant : Bechtel Ltd.
53. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Meter Run & SkidMeter Run & Skid
At Reliance, 32 no of Metering Skid located in
four different areas.
Meter Run
A Pipe line consisting of custody meter & its
associated equipments.
Metering Skid
Group of meter runs called metering skid.
One skid can have up to six meter runs
55. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
RPLRTF
RRTF
MTF
SPMJETTYJKPL
p.c.nap.-14" p.c.naptha
18"
10" A.R.Napt.
URG-10"
14"
URG
12" RFG
Bz-8"
OX-8"
10"
PX-6" PX
8" LAB k
14"
sko-8" sko
HSD-16"
12"
ATF-8" ATF
12" LPG
24" Dis.
RW
611
102
crude-30"
RW
611
103
FO-10"
MM
812
101
PX-16"
MM
812
102
MM
813
109
MM
813
110
MM
813
108
MM
813
106
MM
813
105
MM
813
107
MM
813
101
PCN-24"
MM
813
104
gaso-24"
MM
813102
kero-24"
MM
813
113
hsd/sko-24"
MM
813
112
disl-24"
MM
813
114
RS
651
080
6"
Methanol
RW
611
104
10"
LPG
RS
652
100
RS
651
090
RS
651
085
RS
652
095
RS
652
090
RS
652
085
RS
652
080
RS
652
065
MM
814
101
NOTE:- Indicates Bidirectional Meter
Indicates Unidirectional Meter
Px-8"
MX.-6"
RS
651
095
RW
631
118
10"
AY
231
001
RIL
RPL
HNHU & PLATFORMER
DATE:-08/09/97
MM
813
111
RW
631
117
PROPYLENE-8"
FISCAL METERING SKIDS
PLATFORMATE
RW
611
101
crude-30"
56. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
System ConfigurationSystem Configuration
M O D B U S
I N T - 3 0
S M I T H C O N T R O L P A N E L
G E O P R O V
F L O W C O M P U T E R
( G E O f lo w )
F L O W C O M P U T E R
( G E O f lo w )
F L O W C O M P U T E R
( G E O f lo w )
P R O V E R IN S T R U M E N T S
S K I D M E T E R R U N F I E L D IN S T R U M E N T S
T O O T H E R P R O V E R C O M P U T E R W I T H I N
S A M E P I B
F O X - IA D C S S Y S T E M
P C C
P IB
F IE L D
D C S - C u s t o d y T r a n s f e r M e t e r i n g S y s t e m I n t e r f a c e b lo c k d ia g r a m
A W - 5 1 W P
M 1 M 2 M 3
S K I D - 1
S K I D - 2 S K I D - n
R S 4 2 2 R e d u n d a n t
G E O P R O V G E O P R O V
S u p e r v i s o r y
C o m p u t e r
S M IT H
S u p e r v i s o r y
C o m p u t e r
S M IT H
57. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Design PhilosophyDesign Philosophy
No bypass arrangement of Skid.
N+1 meter run for stand-by & master meter.
Individual Flow computer / meter run.
Individual Prover computer / Skid
Redundant Supervisory computer / PIB.
Online density measurement
58. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Metering skids with RelianceMetering skids with Reliance
• Two Meter run with Portable prover
• Two Meter run with Fixed Prover
• Three meter run with Portable prover.
• Three Meter run with Fixed Prover
59. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Accuracy / RepeatabilityAccuracy / Repeatability
• Over all Skid
• Accuracy: +/- 0.25 %
• Repeatability : +/- 0.02 %
• Turbine Meter
• Accuracy: +/- 0.15 %
• Repeatability : +/- 0.02 %
• Density Meter
• Accuracy : 0.0001 g/cc
• Fixed volume prover
• Accuracy: +/- 0.02 %
60. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Equipments Associated with aEquipments Associated with a
metering skidmetering skid
Each meter run consists of
Flow computer
Strainer
Flow straightener
Turbine flow meter
Flow control valve
Pressure Transmitter/Gauge
Temperature Transmitter/Gauge
O/L MOV, Prover I/L MOV
Air eliminator
63. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Equipments Associated with aEquipments Associated with a
metering skidmetering skid
Common equipments for each skid
Density Meter with pump for constant
flow/pressure
Prover Computer
Sets of metering skids are monitored/
controlled by
Redundant Supervisory Computers
64. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Flow ComputersFlow Computers
GEOFLOW
– All process parameters related to a meter run
are routed to Flow computer
– Calculates gross & net volumes
– Calculate Mass flow
– Alarm indication
– Link to prover computer
65. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Flow ComputersFlow Computers
GEOPROV
• Performs proving & Calculates meter factor
• Alarm indication
• MOV control
• Communication with Supervisory computer
• All flow computers for a metering skid
communicate to prover computer
• All process parameters related to prover are
routed to prover computer
66. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Flow ComputersFlow Computers
Supervisory Computer
• Rate control at start-up, shutdown & during
loading
• Flow balancing of multiple meter runs
• Reports
• Diagnostics
• RS-485/422 link to DCS / OMIS
• Continuous updating of offline computer
67. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
ReferencesReferences
As per Bechtel Specification
Confirm to
– API - Ch.5/Sec.5.3 - for “ Metering of liquid
hydrocarbons by turbine meters
– API - Ch.4 for “ Proving system”
68. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CTM CalibrationCTM Calibration
In-line calibration method
• In-line calibration method is usually applied for
the calibration of custody transfer meters without
disturbing the product flow to/from units,
buyer/seller
• Calibration shall be done at the conditions same
as at the time of product flow i.e., same
temperature/ pressure/density/flow rate
69. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CTM CalibrationCTM Calibration
Off-line calibration method
• Custody Transfer flow meter removal &
calibration at FCRI.
70. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Terminal AutomationTerminal Automation
System GantrySystem Gantry
Supplied by : M/S Hoffer
Consultant : Bechtel Ltd.
71. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
ComponentsComponents
Batch Control Unit
Filter/strainer with air eliminator
Flow meter
Digital set-stop valve
Temperature Transmitter
Over-fill switch
Earthing Relay
73. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Meter Factor ( MF )Meter Factor ( MF )
Reference API Chapter 12.2
Meter calibrated against a reference called
Prover
MF ratio of Prover to Metered volume
Metered volumes compensated or corrected for
pressures and temperatures on steel ( 1,3 )
and liquid ( 2,4 )
MF may be re defined as follows:
[ V * C1 * C2 * C3 * C4 ]P
MF = --------------------------------
[ V * C1 * C2 * C3 * C4 ]M
75. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
ProverProver
It is an equipment used for complete calibration
of Custody transfer meter runs.
Types of Prover
– Tank Prover
– Pipe Prover
– Master Meter
– Small Volume Prover ( SVP )
76. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Reliance ProversReliance Provers
Bi-Directional Conventional ( fixed volume)
prover
• Fixed
• Portable
Master Meter Proving
Tank Prover for Gantry meters
82. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Provers with RelianceProvers with Reliance
Fixed prover for Raw materials
Crude
IFO
Methanol
Portable Prover
Diesel / kerosene
Naphtha / Gasoline
Aromatics
Aviation Turbine Fuel
LPG / Propylene
83. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Master Meter ProverMaster Meter Prover
Reference API Chapter 4.5
Indirect method of proving
Any existing meter with same or better accuracy,
can be used as a master meter and dedicated to
proving service only – used infrequently resulting
in less wear & tear
Operates in series with custody meter and shall
give gross volumes without corrections
A minimum of two minutes flow and 10,000 pulse
output from meter is desired
85. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Prover calibrationProver calibration
Proving Of Prover
• W & M Approved Third party
• Once in 3 years for portable provers and once
in 5 years for fixed provers
• Reliance proved its provers in Jan 2005 by
Shell Global Solutions, Malaysia.
86. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Custody Transfer Meter certificationCustody Transfer Meter certification
Approval required for each meter run once in a
year
W&M Inspector visit the site, check the
calibration & stamp on the flow meter.
87. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
CalibrationCalibration
Vendor’s master prover is proved by water draw
method
Vendor’s master meter is proved against master
prover at site
Client’s prover is proved against vendor’s master
meter
Water
Draw
Vendor
Prover
Vendor
MM
Client’s
Prover
Client’s
MM
Client’s
Meter
Once a
year
Frequently
at Client’s
site
Once in 3/5
years
Once in
year
Based on
site
experience
88. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
ATG Vs CTMATG Vs CTM
When factors, such as capital costs and
operating expenses, are weighed, tank gauging
may be a better choice for large displacements
as the errors are within the limitations.
However for small displacements Custody flow
metering with compensation is better solution.
89. Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
End Of PresentationEnd Of Presentation
Thanks for the listening ears.