1. Section 5 [pgs. 413-417]

2. Identify three famous women from
the 1900s or 2000s. Rank their
influence on culture.

3.  Grimké Sisters &
Sojourner Truth were
Abolitionists turned
women’s rights
advocates [mid 1800s]
 Felt they had to defend
rights in public

4. Critics believed
women should
not give public
Everyone is a Critic
speeches and
should stay in
traditional
female roles.
Critics: [some
members of]
1. Press
2. Clergy
3. Male
Abolitionists

5.  Grimké sisters: women  Sarah argued for equal
had a moral duty to lead educational
antislavery movement opportunities.
 “I ask no favors for my  Pointed out laws that
sex… All I ask our negatively affected
brethren is, that they women
will take their feet from  Called for = rights/pay
off our necks, and
permit us to stand
upright on that ground
which God designed us
to occupy”

6. Why did some people oppose women’s
efforts in the abolitionist movement, and
how did this opposition affect the
women’s rights movement?
 Sojourner Truth- spoke for  “That man over there says
abolition & women’s rights that women need to be
 6 ft. tall & confident helped into carriages and
 1851- challenged audience lifted over ditches, and
members not to think of not to have the best place
women as the “weaker everywhere. Nobody ever
sex” helps me into carriages or
over mud puddles, or
gives me any best place…
Look at me! I have
ploughed and planted
and… no man could
[outwork] me. And ain’t I
a woman?”

7.  Shortly after America  Took adv. Of
Rev. publications for educational
W.R’s appeared opportunities
 Did not become a  Learned how to
national movement for organize more
yrs. effectively by working
 Social changes like in reform groups
abolition movement  Some men assisted in
led to the rise of women’s rights
women’s movement

8.  Not having the right to
vote
 Married women in many
states had little or no
control over their own
property
 Claims that: Women “did
not have the physical or
mental strength to
survive w/out men’s
protection”
 Most people believed
men should control her
property

9.  Some women said they
were not unequal to
men, just different and
did not need new
rights.
 Some critics believed
women should not try
to work for social
changes in public but in
their own homes.

12.  1840- attended World’s
Anti-Slavery Convention
in London while on
honeymoon
 Had to watch separately
from husband
 All women were hidden
from men’s view by a
curtain
 William Lloyd Garrison in
protest, sat with them

13.  This treatment  Planned to “form a
angered Stanton and society to advance the
Lucretia Mott. rights of women”
 “[they] resolved to  8 years passed
hold a conversation as announced: The
soon as we returned Seneca Falls
home” Convention
 Stanton+Mott –  1st public meeting
“resolved to hold a about women’s rights
convention as soon as to be held in the U.S.
we returned home”

15.  Convention organizers
wrote based on
language of Dec. of
Ind.
 Detailed beliefs about
social injustice towards
women
 100 people signed
 240 attended
Convention inc.
Frederick Douglas

16. In search of Women’s Rights

17.  Lucy Stone  Susan B. Anthony
 Powerful speaker  Turned movement political
 Anti-Slavery Society  Single Woman, Supported Self
 Argued for = pay
 Allowed to go into law
 Property Rights
 1860- NYC gave women
ownership of wages/property
 Soon trickled to N.E. and
Midwest

20. Women‟s Suffrage
Movement was the
struggle to gain same
voting rights as men.
Voting was limited to
white adult males who
owned property. Many
people thought that
property owners had the
strongest interest in good
government; therefore,
they were the best
qualified to make
decisions.

21. A Tea Launches a Revolution
•Tea among five
women friends, on
July 13, 1848,
marked The
Women’s Suffrage
Movement as its
beginning.
•Among these five
women was young
housewife and
mother, Elizabeth
Cady Stanton.

22. •During a conversation that
day, Stanton poured her
discontent with Americas
democracy. She believed the
new republic would benefit
by having women play a role
throughout society.
•They were the first small
group of women to plan and
carry out a program.
•This led to…

23. First women's rights convention in the United States is held July 19th 1848, in
New York. Participants signed a “Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions”
which outlined the main issues and goals for the emerging women‟s movement.
Meetings were held regularly after.

24. •The Women‟s Rights Movement
was only one day old and the
backlash had already begun.
•Newspaper editors were so
scandalized by the Declaration of
Sentiments and the ninth
resolution „Women demanding
vote!‟
•They attacked women with all
they could muster, although,
misconception,
misrepresentation and ridicule
were expected.

25. 1851-Former slave Sojourner Truth delivers her “Ain’t I a Woman”
speech at a women’s rights convention in Ohio.

26. •Prominent American Civil
Rights leader, played a huge
role to introduce Women‟s
Suffrage into the United
States.
•Along with Sojourner and
other leaders, she traveled
the U.S and Europe and gave
from 75-100 speeches every
year on Women‟s rights for 45
years.
February 15, 1820 – March 13,
1906

27. •In 1872, Susan B. Anthony was
arrested and brought to trial for
attempting to vote for U.S Grant in the
presidential election.
•At the same time Truth appeared at a
polling booth, in Michigan, demanding
a ballot which she was turned away.

28. •At first, the idea that women
should have a right to vote was
seen as so ridiculous that no
one even attempted to oppose
it.
•Soon they would have to take
the suffragettes more seriously
as they began to gain support.

29. Who the hell do they think they are?
1. Women would be
corrupted by politics.
2. If women became
involved in politics, they
would stop marrying, having
children, and the human
race would die out.
3. Women were emotional
creatures, and incapable of
making a sound political
decision.

30. •1912-Theodore Roosevelt „s
Progressive party became the first
national political party to adopt the
first woman suffrage plank.
•1916-Jeanette Rankin
becomes the first American
Woman elected to represent her
state in the U.S. House of
Representatives.

31. 19th Amendment
August 26th, 1920,
19th Amendment is
ratified, it’s victory
is accomplished!!
Guarantees all
American Women
the right to vote.

32. To be
continued
…

34.  NOW @ one end of movement‟s spectrum
 Friedan supported traditional family values &
marriage
 Used conventional methods of political pressure &
court cases to gain objectives of equal pay and
career opportunity
 Women‟s Liberation Movement (WLM) @ other
end
 Younger feminists w/ more radical objectives &
different methods
 Ran „consciousness raising‟ groups to „awaken‟
women to their „enslavement‟
 Saw every aspect of life as impacting treatment of
women. EXAMPLE: Didn‟t wear makeup as
statement against male supremacy
 Most radical members were lesbians who saw men
as surplus; „A woman without a man is like a fish
without a bicycle.‟

35.  Bra burning was big
 Bras seen as symbols of male domination
 Women wore them to appear more
attractive
 Going braless was symbol of one‟s
liberation
 Beauty ideals protested
 1968: Miss America Beauty contest
protested
 Claimed contest treated women as
objects
 Protestors crowned a sheep as Miss World
 Were protests successful?
 WLM claimed they raised profile of issue
 Media loved them
 Critics claimed protests belittled effort &
were not taken seriously

36. Gloria
Steinem
 Born to an emotionally disturbed
mother and absent father
 Attended Smith College to be a
journalist [1956]
 After college, became pregnant
via fiancé, had an abortion and
broke off engagement
 Went to India to pursue
independent study and witnessed
female oppression and human
suffering

37.  Then moved to NYC working
for Independent Research
Service under the CIA
 Gained national recognition
for Esquire article “I was a
Playboy Bunny” exposing
sexist treatment in NYC’s
Playboy Club
 1971- founded Ms. Magazine
 Face of the 1970s Women’s
Liberation Movement and
Humanist

38. http://youtu.be/nZfIO6mfNbI

39. July 10th, 1971
“This is no simple reform. It really is a revolution.
Sex and race because they are easy and visible
differences have been the primary ways of
organizing human beings into superior and inferior
groups and into the cheap labour in which this
system still depends. We are talking about a society
in which there will be no roles other than those
chosen or those earned. We are really talking about
humanism.”

40.  Important campaign for radical feminists
 Abortion was illegal in USA
 Feminists saw discrimination against women
 Woman should not bear child she didn‟t want
 WLM said fetus part of woman‟s body,
therefore woman could choose what happens
to her body
 Early 1960s: Griswold v. Connecticut
 Conn. outlawed abortion & birth control
devises
 Estelle Griswold‟s attorneys didn‟t argue
against abortion laws directly
 They argued laws were illegal restriction on
privacy of ordinary Americans
 While abortion is not protected by Constitution,
privacy is inferred
 1965: SC rules 7-2 in favor of Griswold

41.  1970-73 Jane Roe (Norma McCorvey)
 sued against abortion laws anonymously
 Troubled teen, raised in reform school, mother of
three, abused by husband
 Perfect test case for feminist attorney Sarah
Weddington to legalize abortion nationally
 Jan 22, 1973: SC ruled 7-2 in favor of Roe
 anti-abortion laws in all states struck down
 Controversy continues
 Norma McCorvey converted to Christianity & seeks
to overturn Roe v Wade
 Many constitutional scholars agree that privacy
argument attributed to 14th amendment and applied
to abortion is weak
 Current SC is divided on issue, w/ probable 5-4 or 4-5
split should abortion case come to court now

42.  STOP ERA most high profile opposition
 Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was suggested
constitutional amendment
 STOP ERA feared erosion of family values
 Phyllis Schlafly led opposition
 Argued feminists devalued woman‟s role by
equating it with men
 Opposed abortion, seeing it as denial rights to
the unborn child
 1982: ERA defeated by three votes–Why?
 „Pro-Life‟ movement growing in strength
 „Pro-Choice‟ movement caught off guard
 Poor women‟s lives getting worse, not better
 Feminist movement radicalized, isolated
 Freidan left NOW due to ‘lavender menace’
 Most Americans saw women as having their own
values, different from those of men

43.  Prepare an oral presentation entitled
„The mixed success of the Women‟s
Movement in the 1960s and 1970s‟
 Below are the methods of
campaigning used by the CRM
activists:
 Court case/legal action
 Non-violent direct action
 Empowering ordinary people
 Marches and demonstrations
 Violent protests
 Which of these were also used by
feminists? Give examples.
 Which do you think was the most
important for the Women‟s Liberation
Movement? Explain.