2. Objectives
You will be able to:
obtain the basic knowledge of
sensory integration and the senses
obtain awareness of different
strategies (Dos and Don’ts)
Learn how to address sensory
needs
3. What is Sensory Integration?
The ability to take in information
through our senses and effectively
utilize the information to respond to
the demands of our environment.
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4. Sensory Integration 101
• Developed by A. Jean Ayres, Ph. D
• 30-year work span on SI
– psychometric studies, clinical trials, single
case system studies
• Work Focused on Proximal Senses
– Child’s primary use of senses
5. What are the Senses?
• Tactile (Touch)
• Auditory (Hearing)
• Visual (Sight)
• Gustatory (Taste)
• Olfactory (Smell)
• Vestibular (Balance)
• Proprioception
(Position and Movement)
6. Tactile
• Provides information about size,
shape, and texture of object(s)
Strategies:
• Velcro Strips on side students desk
• Move child away from traffic area
• Squishy Balls
• Stress Balls
• Squishy Pads
• Bean Bags
• Shaving cream
7. Auditory
• Identify the quality and directions
of sound(s)
Strategies:
• Head phones
• PVC Pipes (Elbows)
• Ear plugs
• Tennis Balls on bottom of chairs
• Away from loud noise (A.C.)
• Vary tone of voice
• Minimize sounds
8. Visual
• Deciphers what we see
• Guides our movements to ensure
safety
Strategies:
• Sunglasses
• Remove from flickering lights
• Avoid numerous posters/decorations
• Foldable dividers and organize
workspace
• Bright colors
• Well-lit room
9. Gustatory & Olfactory
• Permits us to taste and smell
food and objects
Strategies:
• Rubber bracelets to chew
• Remove from scents
• Do not use strong perfumes/ colognes
• Remove glue
• Beware of scented cleaning products
(scented air freshener)
10. Proprioception
• Awareness of the body’s position
and movement
Strategies:
• Pencil Grip
• Adaptive Scissors
• Picking up a heavy object
• Weights, weighted product
• Body Wheelbarrow Walk
11. Vestibular
• Ensures the body’s equilibrium
when shifting position(s)
Strategies:
• Walking the Line
• Sit on Exercise Ball
• Sit on a “T” chair
• Trampolines
• Teeter totters
• Swings
13. Summary
• We use our senses
in our everyday lives.
• With or without a disability,
everyone has a sensory or
sensory needs.
• As teachers, we need to find
a way to meet those needs for
our
students.
14. References
• Understanding Sensory Integration
http://www.ldonline.org/article/5612/
• Problem Behavior In The Classroom:Dealing With Children And Sensory
Processing Disorders At School
http://www.sensory-processing-disorder.com/problem-behavior-in-the-
classroom.html
• Sensory Diet Applications and Environmental Modifications:A Winning
Combination
http://www.ateachabout.com/news/sensory_diet_applications_review.asp
• Five Practical Sensory Strategies for the Classroom
http://www.specialeducationadvisor.com/five-practical-sensory-strategies-for-the-
classroom/
• Teaching Children with Sensory Motor Integration Deficits
http://addadhdadvances.com/sensory-integration-disorder-tips.html
15. References
• Sensory Integration Activities: Treatment That Works Skills That Matter
http://www.sensory-processing-disorder.com/sensory-integration-activities.html
• Sensory Modulation and Sensory Integration Activities for Home and School
http://www.livestrong.com/article/14670-sensory-modulation-and-sensory-integration-
activities-for-home-and-school/#ixzz1rpggEUkX
• Teaching Students with FAS/FASD
http://www.nofas.org/educator/teaching.aspx
• Classroom Strategies for APD
http://www.therapyfoundationsforeducation.co.uk/Classroom-Strategies
• Classroom Therapy Balls for Children with ADHD Have Positive Effecthttp
://lifeskills4kids.com.au/resources/newsletter-article-archive/classroom-therapy-balls-for-children-with-adh
16. References
• Sensory Integration Tips for Teachers
http://www.spdbayarea.org/SPD_tips_for_teachers.htm
• The Sensory Smart Classroom
http://www.spdfoundation.net/newsletter/2011/02/feature-article.html
• Handling Sensory Integration Disorder at School
http://suzanne-mcintyre.suite101.com/handling-sensory-integration-disorder-
at-school-a211555
• Socially Acceptable Strategies
http://www.netplaces.com/sensory-integration-disorder/helping-children-
manage-their-sensory-needs/socially-acceptable-strategies.htm
• Positive Strategies for Children with Sensory Integration Challenges
https://secure.ccie.com/exchangeaccess/articles.php?
article_id=5017740&action=view
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Notas do Editor
So basically it’s how we respond to our surrounding environment through our senses. Our brain needs to organize this information so that we can successfully function in all parts of our daily life which is at home, at school, at work, and during social interactions. Sensory integration is an important part of our nervous system functioning.
She was an occupational therapist and an educational psychologist Part of University of Southern California team who helped developed theoretical framework, a set of standardized test (Praxis test), and clinical approach to identify children with Sensory Integration problems. Psychometric studies- how one reacts to a lifeless object Proximal Sense: Vestibular (balance), tactile, proprioceptive(position and movement) These sense are a child’s primary senses they use when they begin to learn and experience their surroundings early in their lives.
Vestibular and Proprioception are the 2 hidden senses we have Some people are Hypersensitive and Hyposensitive Hypersensitive means that they are very sensitive and susceptible. Hyposensitive means that they are lacking sensitivity. For example: Pain A child who is hypersensitive cannot stand any pain, even if it’s a little bump, they will cry their eyes out A child who is hyposensitive doesn’t feel anything…
Sandboxes Pencil grips Clay Vibrating toys/pencils Hugs Hand hugs (only by someone certified to perform it) This information helps us to understand our surroundings, manipulate objects, and use tools proficiently. When you put your hand in your pocket and select a quarter from an assortment of change, you are using the sense of touch.
Felt material on the chairs Our auditory sense tells us to turn our heads and look when we hear cars approaching. It also helps us to understand speech.
Light-up toys It is also important in reading body language and other non-verbal cues during social interactions. Vision guides our movements, and we continually monitor our actions with our eyes
The gustatory (taste) and olfactory (smell) systems are closely linked. They allow us to enjoy tastes and smells of foods and cause us to react negatively to unpleasant or dangerous sensations or if you taste or smell something pleasant like your favorite food, it causes us to react in different ways such as making you hungry. -clorox smell… if it’s too strong, I smell it but it leaves a burning sensation in my nose and mouth…
It also tells us how much force is needed for a particular task, such as picking up a heavy object, throwing a ball, or using a tool correctly. Like carrying a heavy object, you have to know how much effort to put into carrying the object in order to carrying it and placing it somewhere else.
Vestibular means the balance of the body. For example, when the brain receives a signal that the body is falling to the side, it sends signals to your brain that activate muscle groups to maintain balance
Here’s an example of a classroom at Porter Academy. Look around and notice the different sensory integrations they have available for their students.
We as teachers, need to ALWAYS have our bag of tricks to meet the needs of our students!