1. acrid (adj) sharp, irritating, or
bitter to the sense of taste
or smell
[ak-rid]
Clue: acrid = “phew” get rid of
Burning rubber gives of acrid
fumes.
Ex: acrid smell; acrid taste;
acrid remarks;

2. casualty (n) a person killed or
injured in a war or accident
[kazh-oo-uhl-tee]
Clue: casualty = loss
There were many casualties of
the 2005 tsunami, or tidal wave,
that struck South Asia.
Ex: casualty of war; casualty
from the tornado; casualty from
the disaster

3. congested (adj) 1. overcrowded;
filled too full. 2. filled with
fluid
Congestion (n) 1. condition of being
over crowded 2. the condition of
being filled with fluid
[kuhn-jest-ed]
Clue: congested = too full
We take the subway during rush
hour to avoid the congested city
streets.
Ex: congested hallways; congested
sinuses; congested traffic

4. cope (v) to manage problems or
difficulties successfully
[Kohp]
Clue: cope = deal with
Extra police were on duty to copy
with the large crowds expected
for the parade.
Ex: cope with the loss; cope with
problems; cope with the
situation; cope with the traffic

5. headlong (adj) with great speed
or force; reckless
(adv) recklessly; with time
for careful thought
[hed-lawng, -long]
Clue: headlong = jump right into
The crowd made a headlong rush
for the best seats as soon as the
doors were opened.
Ex: headlong into a dispute;
headlong into the crowd

6. hurtle (v) to move with great
force and speed
[hur-tl]
Clue: hurtle = fling or dash
The sound was deafening, as tons
of snow hurtled down the
mountain.
Ex: hurtle a discus; hurtle a
snowball; hurtle a crowd into the
hall

7. impede (v) to get in the way of ;
to interfere with the
movement of
[im-peed]
impediment (n) an obstacle;
something that gets in the way
Clue: impede = block
An overturned truck impeded the
flow of traffic.
Ex: impede the path; impede the
progress; impede learning

8. inevitable (adj) bound to happen;
unavoidable
[in-ev-i-tuh-buh]
Clue: inevitable = happen
eventually
A certain amount of wear on even
the best tires is inevitable with
normal use.
Ex: inevitable conclusion;
inevitable end to the story

9. initiate (v) 1. to put into effect; to
bring into use
2. to take in as a member
Initiation (n) 1. the act of beginning
2. the ceremony of process
that make one a member
[ih-nish-ee-yet]
Clue: initiate = get started
The school initiated a new dress code.
The Beta Club initiated 30 new
members.
Ex: initiate a new policy; initiate into
the club; initiate the action

10. irate (adj) very angry; furious
[ahy-reyt, ahy-reyt]
Clue: irate = irritate + made
Irate citizens demanded that the
chemical company stop polluting
the lake.
Ex: irate customers; irate fans;
irate parents; irate voters

11. lax (adj) 1. non strictly enforced;
undemanding; careless
2. not tight; loose
[laks]
Clue: lax = relax the ropes
The rules for the pick-up game
were so lax that no fouls were
called.
When I felt the rope go lax, I
knew that my partner had
reached the ledge.
Ex: lax dress code; lax in his duty

12. negligent (adj) failing to take
proper care of or to give
proper attention to
negligence (n) the quality, state,
or act of being negligent
[neg-li-juhnt]
Clue: negligent = ignore
You were negligent in failing to
lock the car doors.
Ex: negligent in his duty;
negligent in her appearance

13. smolder (v) 1.to burn slowly
without bursting into flames
2.To exist in a hidden state
before bursting into the open
[smohl-der]
Clue: smolder = smoke without
flame
Hot ashes smoldered after the flames
went out.
A desire for freedom smoldered in the
hearts of the people.
Ex: smolder and smoke; smoldered
with anger

14. stringent (adj) strict; severe
[strin-juhnt]
Clue: stringent = strict
The stringent rules state that
no exceptions can be made.
Ex: stringent laws; stringent
arguments; stringent budget;
stringent diet; stringent
guidelines

15. throng (n) a large number of
people gathered together; a
crowd
(v) to gather or more in large
numbers
[thrawng, throng]
Clue: throng = big crowd
A throng of supporters cheered
the president’s arrival at the
airport.
Ex: throng