2. American Colonies 8- New England The 17th century social and economic pressures generated the Chesapeake colonies. They also created the colonies to the North known as New England. The settlers were known as Puritans, they meant to purify the Protestant faith. The lands to the North required hard labor to make farms. However they thanked the lord for the hard work and explained that if you want to be corrupt in mind and body head south and seek rich soil. The state of New England was almost completely opposite of England. In England labor was cheap and land was scarce and expensive while in New England labor was hard to find and land was plentiful. England had little employment opportunities and too many people to employ, New England had many employment opportunities and not enough colonist to take them. They often had to rely on their own family.
3. New England – 8: English Puritans Church and State were united in early Modern England. They were so woven together that a aristocrat commented that it was like Hippocrates’ twins that cannot but laugh and cry together. Puritans originally persists in scholarship to find people who shared a conviction that the Protestant Reformation remained incomplete in England. Puritans were out to preach words, read scriptures, perfect their morality, and proposing radical schemes for improving society and disciplining the unruly and indolent. They felted afflicted by the many English people who possessed neither their virtues nor their zeal. In the 17th century the Puritan’s rigor began to alarm kings who wanted unquestionable loyalty. Faced with growing powers of the king and bishop they considered emigrating to New England.
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5. In 1630 a much larger Puritan emigration, known as the “The Great Migration” began with the leadership of John Winthrop.
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7. American Colonies 9- Puritans and Indians The Puritans perceived pre-colonial landscape as a hideous and desolate wilderness full of wild beast and wild men. They saw the Indians as pagan people who surrendered to their worst instincts to live in the wild instead of working hard to conquer nature. Fearing that the wilderness would seduce them the Puritans avoid contact with the native ways and the native land. To reassure themselves that they remained civilized Christians and resist Indian life was to convert the land through hard work and to convert the Indians.
8. Puritans and Indians 9 - Natives Southern New England Indians possessed cultural, linguistic, affinities, but lacked political unity. The leading tribes were the Mohegan and Pequot of Connecticut, the Narragansett of Rhode Island, the Patuxet and Wampanoag of the Plymouth colony, the Nipmuck, Massachusetts, and Pennacook of the Massachusetts Bay colony. The natives’ were highly productive horticulture that supplied most of the diets, yet the English still insist that the Indians were nothing more than hunters. A lot of their diets included maize, squashes, pumpkins, and beans. They used fires to control the forest to their needs. As a byproduct it also created more fertile land and diminished mice, fleas, and other parasites that could be a nuisance. Compared with colonist, Indians demanded less from nature, invested less labor in, and extracting less energy and matter from their environment.
9. Puritans and Indians 9 – Pequot War The first major conflict between the New English and Indians erupted in 1636. The colonial leaders wanted to expanded their boarders and expected the Pequot to pay a heavy tribute. Rebuffed the colonist pressured other tribes to ally with them as they fought the Pequot. The other tribes agreed because of their rivalry and they chose the side most likely to win. The colonist allies guided them to one of the Pequot villages that contained mostly women, children, and elderly. They set the village ablaze and killed everyone, only 5 people managed to survive. The native allies were shocked because they had expected to capture and adopt, they claimed that New England's warfare slaughtered to many people. Unable to unite, the Indians became a shrinking minority in a land dominated by rapidly growing colonial populations.
10. Puritan and Indians 9 – Victory and Defeat Rather than treat their captives as prisoners of war, the Puritan victors defined the Indians as traitors, executing the chiefs and selling others off to slavery. Puritans insisted that the colonist needed to shed blood to alienate themselves from the Indian ways. Indians refugee escaped northward to hide among New France and northern tribes. The refugees carried bitter hatred for New England and in a series of wars lead the French to raid and repeatedly devastate frontier settlements of New England. The Indians that stayed in New England became small minority and were considered the lowest rung of society.
