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use strict;
use strict;


  $perl = 'frozen';
  $ref = 'perl';
  print $$ref, quot;nquot;;

$ perl strict_refs.pl
frozen
use strict;


                  use strict quot;refsquot;;
                  $perl = 'frozen';
                  $ref = 'perl';
                  print $$ref, quot;nquot;;


$ perl strict_refs.pl
Can't use string (quot;perlquot;) as a SCALAR ref while quot;strict refsquot; in use
at strict_refs.pl line 4.
use strict;


                      use strict quot;varsquot;;
                      $perl = 'frozen';
                      $ref = 'perl';
                      print $$ref, quot;nquot;;

$ perl strict_vars.pl
Global symbol quot;$perlquot; requires explicit package name at strict_vars.pl line 2.
Global symbol quot;$refquot; requires explicit package name at strict_vars.pl line 3.
Global symbol quot;$refquot; requires explicit package name at strict_vars.pl line 4.
Execution of strict_vars.pl aborted due to compilation errors.
use strict;


use strict quot;varsquot;;
our $perl = 'frozen';
my $ref   = 'perl';
print $$ref, quot;nquot;;

$ perl strict_vars.pl
frozen
use strict;


use strict quot;subsquot;;
$person = Josh;
$directory{mcadams} = [ first => $person ];
print $directory{mcadams}->[1], quot;nquot;;


$ perl strict_subs.pl
Bareword quot;Joshquot; not allowed while quot;strict subsquot; in use at
strict_subs.pl line 2.
Execution of strict_subs.pl aborted due to compilation errors.
use strict;


use strict quot;subsquot;;
$person = ‘Josh’;
$directory{mcadams} = [ first => $person ];
print $directory{mcadams}->[1], quot;nquot;;



          $ perl strict_subs.pl
          Josh
use strict;




- Typically ‘use strict;’ is all that you’ll need

- You can ‘no strict “refs”;’ in your code

- Use the strict pragma in all of your Perl code
use warnings;
use warnings;




perl -w script.pl

#/usr/bin/perl -w
use warnings;




use warnings;

no warnings;
use base;
use base;




push @ISA, ‘SomeModule’;
use base;




use base qw(SomeModule);
use constant;
use constant;



use warnings;
use strict;
use constant DO_NOT_DISTURB => 1;

print quot;leave me alonenquot; if DO_NOT_DISTURB;


> perl constant.pl
leave me alone
use Exporter;
use Exporter;




use MyPackage;

MyPackage::my_subroutine();
use Exporter;

package MyPackage;

use warnings;
use strict;
use Exporter qw(import);

our @EXPORT_OK = qw(my_subroutine);

sub my_subroutine {
    print quot;hellonquot;;
}

1;
use Exporter;




use warnings;
use strict;
use MyPackage qw(my_subroutine);

my_subroutine();
use Data::Dumper;
use Data::Dumper;


use warnings;
use strict;
use Data::Dumper;

print Dumper @ARGV;

> perl datadumper.pl hello frozen perl
$VAR1 = [
           'hello',
           'frozen',
           'perl'
        ];
use Class::Accessor;
use Class::Accessor;




sub name {
  my ($self, $value) = @_;
  $self->{name} = $value if $value;
  return $self->{name};
}
use Class::Accessor;




package MyClass;
use base qw(Class::Accessor);
__PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(qw(name));
use Carp;
use Carp;

 1   package PackageOne;
 2
 3   sub y { z(); }
 4   sub z { die('oops'); }
 5
 6   package PackageTwo;
                                  $ perl die.pl
 7
                                  oops at die.pl line 4.
 8   sub a { b(); }
 9   sub b { PackageOne::y(); }
10
11   package main;
12
13   PackageTwo::a();
use Carp;

 1   package PackageOne;
 2
 3   use Carp;
 4
 5   sub y { z(); }
 6   sub z { croak('oops'); }
 7
                                  $ perl croak.pl
 8   package PackageTwo;          oops at croak.pl line 11
 9
10   sub a { b(); }
11   sub b { PackageOne::y(); }
12
13   package main;
14
15   PackageTwo::a();
use Carp;

 1   package PackageOne;
 2
 3   use Carp qw(confess);
 4                                $ perl confess.pl
 5   sub y { z(); }               oops at confess.pl line   6
 6   sub z { confess('oops'); }    PackageOne::z() called   at
 7                                  confess.pl line 5
                                   PackageOne::y() called   at
 8   package PackageTwo;            confess.pl line 11
 9                                 PackageTwo::b() called   at
10   sub a { b(); }                 confess.pl line 10
11   sub b { PackageOne::y(); }    PackageTwo::a() called   at
12                                  confess.pl line 15
13   package main;
14
15   PackageTwo::a();
use Carp;

             caller’s
standard                 full stacktrace
           perspective



 warn         carp           cluck




  die         croak         confess
use Carp::Assert;
use Carp::Assert;

use Carp::Assert;

assert( 1 > 0 );

affirm {
    my $name = 'Josh';
    my @attendees = qw( Josh Heather Addy );
    grep { $_ eq $name } @attendees;
}


> perl assert.pl
use Carp::Assert;

use Carp::Assert;

assert( 1 > 2);

affirm {
    my $name = 'Josh';
    my @attendees = qw( Josh Heather Addy );
    grep { $_ eq $name } @attendees;
}

> perl assert.pl
Assertion failed!
 at /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/Carp/Assert.pm line 281
        Carp::Assert::assert('') called at assert.pl line 5
use Carp::Assert;

use Carp::Assert;

assert( 1 > 0);

affirm {
    my $name = 'Joshua';
    my @attendees = qw( Josh Heather Addy );
    grep { $_ eq $name } @attendees;
}
> perl assert.pl
Assertion ({
    use warnings;
    use strict 'refs';
    my $name = 'Joshua';
    my(@attendees) = ('Josh', 'Heather', 'Addy');
    grep {$_ eq $name;} @attendees;
}) failed!
 at /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/Carp/Assert.pm line 340
        Carp::Assert::affirm('CODE(0x1800ee0)') called at assert.pl line 11
use File::Spec;
use File::Spec;

use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Spec;

my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir($0);
print '[', join('][', @dirs), quot;]nquot;;
my $dir = File::Spec->join(@dirs);
print $dir, quot;nquot;;
> perl /Users/joshua/examples/filespec.pl
[][Users][joshua][examples][filespec.pl]
/Users/joshua/examples/filespec.pl
use File::stat;
use File::stat;




my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,
$gid,$rdev,$size,$atime,$mtime,
$ctime,$blksize,$blocks) = stat
($filename);
use File::stat;


use warnings;
use strict;
use File::stat;

my $s = stat($0);

print $s->size, quot;nquot;;
> perl filestat.pl
84
use File::Slurp;
use File::Slurp;



{
    local(*INPUT, $/);
    open (INPUT, $file)
     || die quot;can't open $file: $!quot;;
    $var = <INPUT>;
}
use File::Slurp;




my $text = read_file( $file );
my @lines = read_file( $file );
use File::Slurp;




write_file( $filename, @data );
use File::Copy;
use File::Copy;



use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Copy;

my $command = quot;cp $0 $0.bkupquot;;
`$command`;
use File::Copy;



use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Copy;

copy $0, $0 . '.bkup' or die $!;
use File::Temp;
use File::Temp;

use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Temp;

my $fh = File::Temp->new( UNLINK => 1 );

print $fh->filename, quot;nquot;;


> perl tempfile.pl
/tmp/yZin81tl6z
use File::Temp;

use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Temp;

my $fh = File::Temp->newdir( CLEANUP => 1 );

print $fh->dirname, quot;nquot;;


> perl tempdir.pl
/tmp/HggvehyAyw
use File::Find;
use File::Find;


use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Find;

find( sub { print quot;$File::Find::namenquot; },
       '/Users/joshua/' );



           > perl filefind.pl
           /Users/joshua/...
use File::Next;
use File::Next;

use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Next;

my $files = File::Next::files( '/Users/joshua/' );

while ( defined ( my $file = $files->() ) ) {
    print quot;$filenquot;;
}



             > perl filenext.pl
             /Users/joshua/...
use File::Basename;
use File::Basename;
use warnings;
use strict;
use File::Basename;

my $file = basename $0;
my $path = dirname $0;
my ($file2, $path2) = fileparse $0;

print join(quot;nquot;, $file, $path,
              $file2, $path2), quot;nquot;;

  > perl /Users/joshua/examples/basename.pl
  basename.pl
  /Users/joshua/examples
  basename.pl
  /Users/joshua/examples/
use File::HomeDir;
use File::HomeDir;


 use warnings;
 use strict;
 use File::HomeDir;

 print File::HomeDir->my_home(), quot;nquot;;
 print File::HomeDir->my_data(), quot;nquot;;


> perl filehomedir.pl
/Users/joshua
/Users/joshua/Library/Application Support
use IO::File;
use IO::File;




use warnings;
use strict;

my $fh;
open( $fh, '<', $0 ) or die $!;
print while(<$fh>);
close $fh;
use IO::File;




use warnings;
use strict;
use IO::File;

my $fh = IO::File->new( $0, 'r' );
print while(<$fh>);
$fh->close;
use FindBin;
use FindBin;



package MyModule;

use warnings;
use strict;

sub hello {
    print quot;hellonquot;;
}

1;
use FindBin;


use   warnings;
use   strict;
use   lib 'mylib';
use   MyModule;

MyModule::hello();


> perl findbin.pl
hello
use FindBin;



> perl ~/bin/findbin.pl
Can't locate MyModule.pm in @INC (@INC contains: mylib /
opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/darwin-2level /opt/local/lib/
perl5/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/
darwin-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /opt/
local/lib/perl5/site_perl /opt/local/lib/perl5/
vendor_perl/5.8.8/darwin-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/
vendor_perl/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/vendor_perl .) at
Utility Modules That You Should Know About/findbin.pl line
4.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Utility Modules That
You Should Know About/findbin.pl line 4.
use FindBin;



use   warnings;
use   strict;
use   FindBin;
use   lib quot;$FindBin::Bin/../mylibquot;;
use   MyModule;

MyModule::hello();
use Getopt::Long;
use Getopt::Long;
          use Getopt::Long;

          GetOptions(
              'greeting=s',
              'person=s',
              'prefix:s' ) or die('error');

          print join( q[ ],
              $opt_greeting,
              ($opt_prefix || q[]),
              $opt_person), quot;nquot;;


> perl getopt1.pl --greeting=hello --person=josh --prefix=
hello josh
use Getopt::Long;

use warnings;
use strict;
use Getopt::Long;

my ($greeting, $person, $prefix);
GetOptions(
    'greeting=s' => $greeting,
    'person=s'   => $person,
    'prefix:s'   => $prefix,
) or die('error');

print join( q[ ],
    $greeting,
    ($prefix || q[]),
    $person), quot;nquot;;
use Getopt::Long;

use warnings;
use strict;
use Getopt::Long;

my %options;
GetOptions( %options,
    'greeting=s',
    'person=s',
    'prefix:s',
) or die('error');

print join( q[ ],
  @options{
    qw(greeting prefix person)
    } ),
  quot;nquot;;
use Pod::Usage;
use Pod::Usage;



use Getopt::Long;
use Pod::Usage;

GetOptions('help', 'man') or pod2usage(2);
pod2usage(1) if $opt_help;
pod2usage(-verbose => 2) if $opt_man;

__END__
use Pod::Usage;
=head1 NAME

sample - Using GetOpt::Long and Pod::Usage

=head1 SYNOPSIS

sample [options]

   Options:
   -help             brief help message
   -man              full documentation

=head1 OPTIONS

=over 8

=item B<-help>

Print a brief help message and exits.

=item B<-man>

Prints the manual page and exits.

=back

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Sample is exactly that, a sample.

=cut
use Pod::Usage;



> perl pod_usage.pl -h
Usage:
    pod_usage [options]

        Options:
        -help             brief help message
        -man              full documentation

Options:
    -help   Print a brief help message and exits.

    -man    Prints the manual page and exits.
use Pod::Usage;
> perl pod_usage.pl -m
POD_USAGE(1)           User Contributed Perl Documentation         POD_USAGE(1)



NAME
          pod_usage - Using GetOpt::Long and Pod::Usage

SYNOPSIS
       pod_usage [options]

                 Options:
                 -help           brief help message
                 -man            full documentation

OPTIONS
          -help      Print a brief help message and exits.

          -man       Prints the manual page and exits.

DESCRIPTION
       pod_usage just an example.



perl v5.8.8                            2008-02-16                  POD_USAGE(1)
thank you
yapc.org/America

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Utility Modules That You Should Know About

  • 3. use strict; $perl = 'frozen'; $ref = 'perl'; print $$ref, quot;nquot;; $ perl strict_refs.pl frozen
  • 4. use strict; use strict quot;refsquot;; $perl = 'frozen'; $ref = 'perl'; print $$ref, quot;nquot;; $ perl strict_refs.pl Can't use string (quot;perlquot;) as a SCALAR ref while quot;strict refsquot; in use at strict_refs.pl line 4.
  • 5. use strict; use strict quot;varsquot;; $perl = 'frozen'; $ref = 'perl'; print $$ref, quot;nquot;; $ perl strict_vars.pl Global symbol quot;$perlquot; requires explicit package name at strict_vars.pl line 2. Global symbol quot;$refquot; requires explicit package name at strict_vars.pl line 3. Global symbol quot;$refquot; requires explicit package name at strict_vars.pl line 4. Execution of strict_vars.pl aborted due to compilation errors.
  • 6. use strict; use strict quot;varsquot;; our $perl = 'frozen'; my $ref = 'perl'; print $$ref, quot;nquot;; $ perl strict_vars.pl frozen
  • 7. use strict; use strict quot;subsquot;; $person = Josh; $directory{mcadams} = [ first => $person ]; print $directory{mcadams}->[1], quot;nquot;; $ perl strict_subs.pl Bareword quot;Joshquot; not allowed while quot;strict subsquot; in use at strict_subs.pl line 2. Execution of strict_subs.pl aborted due to compilation errors.
  • 8. use strict; use strict quot;subsquot;; $person = ‘Josh’; $directory{mcadams} = [ first => $person ]; print $directory{mcadams}->[1], quot;nquot;; $ perl strict_subs.pl Josh
  • 9. use strict; - Typically ‘use strict;’ is all that you’ll need - You can ‘no strict “refs”;’ in your code - Use the strict pragma in all of your Perl code
  • 11. use warnings; perl -w script.pl #/usr/bin/perl -w
  • 14. use base; push @ISA, ‘SomeModule’;
  • 15. use base; use base qw(SomeModule);
  • 17. use constant; use warnings; use strict; use constant DO_NOT_DISTURB => 1; print quot;leave me alonenquot; if DO_NOT_DISTURB; > perl constant.pl leave me alone
  • 20. use Exporter; package MyPackage; use warnings; use strict; use Exporter qw(import); our @EXPORT_OK = qw(my_subroutine); sub my_subroutine { print quot;hellonquot;; } 1;
  • 21. use Exporter; use warnings; use strict; use MyPackage qw(my_subroutine); my_subroutine();
  • 23. use Data::Dumper; use warnings; use strict; use Data::Dumper; print Dumper @ARGV; > perl datadumper.pl hello frozen perl $VAR1 = [ 'hello', 'frozen', 'perl' ];
  • 25. use Class::Accessor; sub name { my ($self, $value) = @_; $self->{name} = $value if $value; return $self->{name}; }
  • 26. use Class::Accessor; package MyClass; use base qw(Class::Accessor); __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(qw(name));
  • 28. use Carp; 1 package PackageOne; 2 3 sub y { z(); } 4 sub z { die('oops'); } 5 6 package PackageTwo; $ perl die.pl 7 oops at die.pl line 4. 8 sub a { b(); } 9 sub b { PackageOne::y(); } 10 11 package main; 12 13 PackageTwo::a();
  • 29. use Carp; 1 package PackageOne; 2 3 use Carp; 4 5 sub y { z(); } 6 sub z { croak('oops'); } 7 $ perl croak.pl 8 package PackageTwo; oops at croak.pl line 11 9 10 sub a { b(); } 11 sub b { PackageOne::y(); } 12 13 package main; 14 15 PackageTwo::a();
  • 30. use Carp; 1 package PackageOne; 2 3 use Carp qw(confess); 4 $ perl confess.pl 5 sub y { z(); } oops at confess.pl line 6 6 sub z { confess('oops'); } PackageOne::z() called at 7 confess.pl line 5 PackageOne::y() called at 8 package PackageTwo; confess.pl line 11 9 PackageTwo::b() called at 10 sub a { b(); } confess.pl line 10 11 sub b { PackageOne::y(); } PackageTwo::a() called at 12 confess.pl line 15 13 package main; 14 15 PackageTwo::a();
  • 31. use Carp; caller’s standard full stacktrace perspective warn carp cluck die croak confess
  • 33. use Carp::Assert; use Carp::Assert; assert( 1 > 0 ); affirm { my $name = 'Josh'; my @attendees = qw( Josh Heather Addy ); grep { $_ eq $name } @attendees; } > perl assert.pl
  • 34. use Carp::Assert; use Carp::Assert; assert( 1 > 2); affirm { my $name = 'Josh'; my @attendees = qw( Josh Heather Addy ); grep { $_ eq $name } @attendees; } > perl assert.pl Assertion failed! at /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/Carp/Assert.pm line 281 Carp::Assert::assert('') called at assert.pl line 5
  • 35. use Carp::Assert; use Carp::Assert; assert( 1 > 0); affirm { my $name = 'Joshua'; my @attendees = qw( Josh Heather Addy ); grep { $_ eq $name } @attendees; } > perl assert.pl Assertion ({ use warnings; use strict 'refs'; my $name = 'Joshua'; my(@attendees) = ('Josh', 'Heather', 'Addy'); grep {$_ eq $name;} @attendees; }) failed! at /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/Carp/Assert.pm line 340 Carp::Assert::affirm('CODE(0x1800ee0)') called at assert.pl line 11
  • 37. use File::Spec; use warnings; use strict; use File::Spec; my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir($0); print '[', join('][', @dirs), quot;]nquot;; my $dir = File::Spec->join(@dirs); print $dir, quot;nquot;; > perl /Users/joshua/examples/filespec.pl [][Users][joshua][examples][filespec.pl] /Users/joshua/examples/filespec.pl
  • 40. use File::stat; use warnings; use strict; use File::stat; my $s = stat($0); print $s->size, quot;nquot;; > perl filestat.pl 84
  • 42. use File::Slurp; { local(*INPUT, $/); open (INPUT, $file) || die quot;can't open $file: $!quot;; $var = <INPUT>; }
  • 43. use File::Slurp; my $text = read_file( $file ); my @lines = read_file( $file );
  • 46. use File::Copy; use warnings; use strict; use File::Copy; my $command = quot;cp $0 $0.bkupquot;; `$command`;
  • 47. use File::Copy; use warnings; use strict; use File::Copy; copy $0, $0 . '.bkup' or die $!;
  • 49. use File::Temp; use warnings; use strict; use File::Temp; my $fh = File::Temp->new( UNLINK => 1 ); print $fh->filename, quot;nquot;; > perl tempfile.pl /tmp/yZin81tl6z
  • 50. use File::Temp; use warnings; use strict; use File::Temp; my $fh = File::Temp->newdir( CLEANUP => 1 ); print $fh->dirname, quot;nquot;; > perl tempdir.pl /tmp/HggvehyAyw
  • 52. use File::Find; use warnings; use strict; use File::Find; find( sub { print quot;$File::Find::namenquot; }, '/Users/joshua/' ); > perl filefind.pl /Users/joshua/...
  • 54. use File::Next; use warnings; use strict; use File::Next; my $files = File::Next::files( '/Users/joshua/' ); while ( defined ( my $file = $files->() ) ) { print quot;$filenquot;; } > perl filenext.pl /Users/joshua/...
  • 56. use File::Basename; use warnings; use strict; use File::Basename; my $file = basename $0; my $path = dirname $0; my ($file2, $path2) = fileparse $0; print join(quot;nquot;, $file, $path, $file2, $path2), quot;nquot;; > perl /Users/joshua/examples/basename.pl basename.pl /Users/joshua/examples basename.pl /Users/joshua/examples/
  • 58. use File::HomeDir; use warnings; use strict; use File::HomeDir; print File::HomeDir->my_home(), quot;nquot;; print File::HomeDir->my_data(), quot;nquot;; > perl filehomedir.pl /Users/joshua /Users/joshua/Library/Application Support
  • 60. use IO::File; use warnings; use strict; my $fh; open( $fh, '<', $0 ) or die $!; print while(<$fh>); close $fh;
  • 61. use IO::File; use warnings; use strict; use IO::File; my $fh = IO::File->new( $0, 'r' ); print while(<$fh>); $fh->close;
  • 63. use FindBin; package MyModule; use warnings; use strict; sub hello { print quot;hellonquot;; } 1;
  • 64. use FindBin; use warnings; use strict; use lib 'mylib'; use MyModule; MyModule::hello(); > perl findbin.pl hello
  • 65. use FindBin; > perl ~/bin/findbin.pl Can't locate MyModule.pm in @INC (@INC contains: mylib / opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/darwin-2level /opt/local/lib/ perl5/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/ darwin-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /opt/ local/lib/perl5/site_perl /opt/local/lib/perl5/ vendor_perl/5.8.8/darwin-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/ vendor_perl/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/vendor_perl .) at Utility Modules That You Should Know About/findbin.pl line 4. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Utility Modules That You Should Know About/findbin.pl line 4.
  • 66. use FindBin; use warnings; use strict; use FindBin; use lib quot;$FindBin::Bin/../mylibquot;; use MyModule; MyModule::hello();
  • 68. use Getopt::Long; use Getopt::Long; GetOptions( 'greeting=s', 'person=s', 'prefix:s' ) or die('error'); print join( q[ ], $opt_greeting, ($opt_prefix || q[]), $opt_person), quot;nquot;; > perl getopt1.pl --greeting=hello --person=josh --prefix= hello josh
  • 69. use Getopt::Long; use warnings; use strict; use Getopt::Long; my ($greeting, $person, $prefix); GetOptions( 'greeting=s' => $greeting, 'person=s' => $person, 'prefix:s' => $prefix, ) or die('error'); print join( q[ ], $greeting, ($prefix || q[]), $person), quot;nquot;;
  • 70. use Getopt::Long; use warnings; use strict; use Getopt::Long; my %options; GetOptions( %options, 'greeting=s', 'person=s', 'prefix:s', ) or die('error'); print join( q[ ], @options{ qw(greeting prefix person) } ), quot;nquot;;
  • 72. use Pod::Usage; use Getopt::Long; use Pod::Usage; GetOptions('help', 'man') or pod2usage(2); pod2usage(1) if $opt_help; pod2usage(-verbose => 2) if $opt_man; __END__
  • 73. use Pod::Usage; =head1 NAME sample - Using GetOpt::Long and Pod::Usage =head1 SYNOPSIS sample [options] Options: -help brief help message -man full documentation =head1 OPTIONS =over 8 =item B<-help> Print a brief help message and exits. =item B<-man> Prints the manual page and exits. =back =head1 DESCRIPTION Sample is exactly that, a sample. =cut
  • 74. use Pod::Usage; > perl pod_usage.pl -h Usage: pod_usage [options] Options: -help brief help message -man full documentation Options: -help Print a brief help message and exits. -man Prints the manual page and exits.
  • 75. use Pod::Usage; > perl pod_usage.pl -m POD_USAGE(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation POD_USAGE(1) NAME pod_usage - Using GetOpt::Long and Pod::Usage SYNOPSIS pod_usage [options] Options: -help brief help message -man full documentation OPTIONS -help Print a brief help message and exits. -man Prints the manual page and exits. DESCRIPTION pod_usage just an example. perl v5.8.8 2008-02-16 POD_USAGE(1)