2. This report aims to:
• Provide comprehensive and objective
summary information about
contraception.
• Compare the advantages and
disadvantages of each method.
• Familiarize how the human body works in
terms of reproduction.

3. What is Contraception?
• the deliberate use of artificial methods or
other techniques to prevent pregnancy
as a consequence of sexual intercourse.
4 Methods of Contraception
Behavioural Method
Hormonal Method
Barrier Method
Permanent Method

4. Abstinence
• Avoidance of sexual intercourse.
Coitus Interruptus
• Removal of the penis from the vagina before
ejaculation.
Billing Method
• Predicts changes in the cervical mucus during
ovulation.

5. Ovulation Awareness
• Detection kits are used to measure Luteinizing
Hormone (LH) in the urine.
Basal Body Temperature
• Awareness of woman’s body temperature.
Symptothermal Method
• This method combines the billing and BBT
method.

6. Rhythm/ Calendar Method
• Avoidance of intercourse during days a
woman is most likely to conceive

8. Advantages
• No drugs or devices needed
• Inexpensive
• No side effects
• Encourage communication between couples
Disadvantages
• Hard to achieve
• Does not protect against Sexually transmitted
disease (STD)
• Unreliable for women having irregular menstrual
cycle

9. • Requires meticulous record keeping
• Unreliable during period of illness,
infection or stress
• Restricts sexual spontaneity
• Might be unsatisfying

10. Oral Contraceptives (Pills)
• Hormonal contraceptive that consists of
synthetic estrogen and progesterone.
Advantages
• May reduce reproductive diseases to
women.
• Regulate the menstrual cycle
Disadvantages
• Must be taken daily
• Don’t protect couple from STD

11. Intrauterine Device (IUD)
• Little, T-shaped plastic placed in the uterus to
mess with the way sperm can move.
3 Types of IUD
MIRENA- plastic IUD that releases small amount
of progestin.
PARAGARD- 100% hormone free but is made of
plastic and a small amount of safe copper.
SKYLA-the smallest one, suitable for women
who haven't had a child yet.

13. Advantages
• Long acting reversible contraception
• Very effective
• Does not interfere with sexual intercourse
Disadvantages
• Most women feel camping during some
periods.
• Painful when removed or put in.

14. The Shot
• Injection of hormones that prevent pregnancy.
Advantages
• Does not require daily or monthly attention.
• Reduce ovarian and uterine cancer.
Disadvantages
• Does not protect against STI
• Loss of bone density
• Weight gain

15. Birth Control Implant
• Flexible plastic implant that is inserted under
the skin of the upper arm.
Advantage
• Immediately effective
Disadvantages
• Does not protect against STD
• Placement and removal requires a doctor

16. Condom
• Pouch that is inserted in the penis/ vagina
before intercourse
Advantages
• Does not require planning
• Somehow protects against STD
Disadvantages
• Reduce sensitivity
• Allergies

17. Diaphragm
• Shallow dome-shaped cup with a flexible
rim inserted in the vagina
Sponge
• Made of plastic foam containing spermicide
Cervical Cap
• Silicon cup shaped like sailor’s hat inserted
into the vagina and over the cervix

19. Advantages
• Does not affect periods
• Removable
• Can be used for multiple acts
Disadvantages
• Does not protect from STD
• Low effectiveness
• Requires pelvic exam and fitting

20. • Also known as permanent sterilization which
involves specific surgical (non surgical)
procedures.
– Tubal Ligation
– Vasectomy

21. Tubal Ligation
• Procedure which cuts or blocks a woman’s
fallopian tubes
Vasectomy
• Tube carrying the sperm is blocked or cut

23. Advantages
• Requires no attention
• Cost effective
Disadvantages
• Requires surgery
• Not reversible
• Does not protect against STD
• Possible regret

24. Permanent
Method
Hormonal
Method
Barrier
Method
Behavioural
Method

25. Thank You!!!