1. Practical Ways of Brain-based
Research Applies to ESL Learners
( Judy Lombardi )
California State University Northridge ( Northridge , CA , USA)

2. Brain-based Learning
Principle
By :Renate Nummela Caine and Geoffrey Caine

3. Brain-Based
This learning theory is based on
the structure and function of the
brain.
 is a concept that suggests that
as long as the brain is not
hindered
from learning, then learning will
occur.

4. Principle no. 1
The Brain is a Complex Adaptive
system
The brain can function on many levels and
many ways simultaneously.
A complex and Multifaceted task should be
approach in variety of ways .
Activity Shifting and teaching around the
wheel of the learning style.

5. Andrew Cohen’s work at the University
of Minnesota
Rehearsal strategies constitute another subset of language use
strategies, namely, strategies for rehearsing target language
structures (such as form-focused practice)
*example of rehearsal would be form-focused practice,
for example, practicing the subjunctive forms for different verb
conjugations
Cover strategies are those strategies that learners use to
create the impression that they have control over
material when they do not.
* example of a cover strategy
would be using a memorized and not fully-understood
phrase in an utterance in a classroom drill in order to keep the
action going.

6. Principle no.2
The Brain is a Social
Brain
The Brain likes and respond well
to social engagement and oral
sharing.
Cooperative learning.

7. Cooperative Learning
 Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which
small teams, each with students of different levels of ability,
use a variety of learning activities to improve their
understanding of a subject. Each member of a team is
responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for
helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of
achievement. Students work through the assignment until all
group members successfully understand and complete it.
Research has shown that cooperative learning techniques:
 promote student learning and academic achievement
 increase student retention
 enhance student satisfaction with their learning experience
 help students develop skills in oral communication
 develop students' social skills
 promote student self-esteem
 help to promote positive race relations

8. Principle no.3
The Search for Meaning Is
Innate
The brain not only wants to make sense of what it
learns, but also wants to know that learning has
purpose and value.
Adlers believe “people learn things when they need
to know them.
The brain likes Explanation.

9. Principle no.4
The Search for Meaning
Occurs Through
Patterning
When the brain encounters a new idea, it
searches for prior knowledge and experiences
similar to the new concept.
 when the brain encounter new idea it search for prior
knowledge and experience similar to the new concept.