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H 12: Quy tr×nh ñ tæng qu¸t
τgn
cïng lß
t0
X
Y
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τ
t0
n
H 13 Quy tr×nh th-êng ho¸ tæng qu¸t
KK
t0
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)
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®é
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τ
t0
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47. 6 . 7 8$ 7
0 $ f > *"< I 8 ?@ " N’
X *R ! " < F
*R #v < R I ` E8 ?` O j < # " R
<
0 7 *$ $ • " ) 8 ?` O I ` K ! W
*b
!#
B F E: • ?< " 3 W "+ " X " : *G
*R a γF " ' *R *X R @ " b G F I *X
" R C *O γ → l 0l . a 1 04E 51
•••• b % ]: : / • # " #] ,^ & WQ W
, " -.α ` + " *R W , " γ W *b X 8 O " ?< "
O 7
•••• B P * U ]: 5U @ : / ma)3 , , " *R `
l# ÷ l8 3O W G a)3 , 8 " H y R ?C " γ 8 " 3O
W G G " γ #? 0γ#1
•••• B C > 9 7 C q : X b W "
, " γ EI 8 IZ *?C l . a 0l 1 X *R ! " " `
# " O -.α W]a `
0 5U @ % '( ]: n - ,? " ?< " ! " ` " )
*+ , " F 8 " R m X γ → l F K ! *?C l ‚ γ#
0 $ ]: f > *"< 0l 1 ?@ " X *R ! "F *R W
< I ` K ! W *b 3 H < : I 8 $
R K ! • "+ X l ‚ γ# ‚ K ! 8 w
0 7 *$ ]:
‚ D *R ! " % " y
‚ D *R 0’1
? " E # " I) V 8 " 3 *K 0’’1
I
L $+ g 0 # A % f % Z ' n S
Z p & A 0Q M ' γ 1' : & M
*' + + & ↑ → $+ ↑ T $+ ' Q
1g &E ' -
II
Z M B C+ ! '0 f O 5 !9 # B' !
% B $ σ B C+ * . D B &# # (
) σ *' " T 2 ( σ u σ -
t ?< " 8 " R X H *R ` H
I , ! " I #? # ` *+ " @ X 3O W G " ' γ → l
K ! X O X O , H " 8 0 l — γ1 G ?C " " 3H

48. 6 . 7 8$ 7
% , " γ " IP H O 3 " ` F G IP 3O W G
3 a)3 , " ! " I #? K ! I , " `
M 3 I 8 , " I) V
IZ X σ# † σ# ‚ σ# K ! 2G
" ,]σ# * ! *R I Y
σ# • σ# S) V 8 "
W] " H F ! p
σW — σ# — σ# S) V IZ W]
" H
σW • σ# S) V IZ ! p
/ < K ! I $
R K ! XF ! $
R < b
l ‚ γ#? ‚ w
/ D% ` : X b W j < U … I 8
*?C l X *R ! " 8 " H & ) c " *R ! " 8:
6!j :
B F E: • ?< "
3 W "+ " X " :
*Q #?` *R ` ‡ F " '
*R *X R @ " b
G *O γ# ‚ l 3O W G
K ! 8 7 Wd " < I
*X " R q 9 " ?@ "
" R , " 8 " 8 04E
=1
0 5U @ % '( &
,E , Y P *R
" @ " " '
3O W G γ# ‚ l → K ! 8 7 Wd " < I ` l ‚ γ#
l . a , l,F , a , ,F N W , N,
0 $ : = ,: $ R < K !
0 7 *$ ]: ,:
‚ 2 *?C < * ! " ` * 8 7 # I)
V < 8
‚ ( ) ! " I #? I 8 *G ! b G *O , ? j "
I 3 o # 3 ,E < I 8
H 14 Quy tr×nh t«i tæng qu¸t
Nhanh
Vng ≥ Vth
t0
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τ
t0
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H 15 Quy tr×nh ram tæng qu¸t
Mt + γd → Tæ chøc kh¸c (*)
Y
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t0
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Tæ chøc (*) Z
(Y) τ
Ac1

49. 6 . 7 8$ 7
?@ " E < I 8 , W " @ h " X *R ! "
< F *R #v < *+ " @ " ) k 8 [ ! " I WH , " I , I
8 F U
, " → *R ! " " ) *R #v *R # c "
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O , " R ,?@ " *X
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" s ?< " " R G . I) V I 8 *G
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1 *O γ#
3O W G G l l$ * c " < *k W *R ! "
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9 # " ) I% " Q J : K *] 8 ?` I)
V M 3 k #A X ? * O ,H ? " ?< " 3 I[ #$ "F
m #$ " R I% : E X H & *G & ,E " " F m
H ?C " & ) 8 G
J! - 5U @ f > @ ,( n - ,? 5 2 893
3 0 : 1 IZ 3 *K WH , " X
# X 3O W G K ! < W) , " & ,E I Y
:!N - ,? Y 04E B1
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! " ` " ) *+ , " -./ 2 ? " *R ` P G $ R
% *R " M ` < *R ` 9 3G F *?C 89
‡ Y
‡ F ‡ F ‡ — ‡ F ‡ F ‡
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O " `
900
800
700
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γ
Acm
γ
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S
P P XeII
P
α
XeII
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4 B S< *+ 3O W G K ! :
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50. 6 . 7 8$ 7
@!N - ,? O
@ " " ' 8 " X 3O W G K ! m d
$ * Y
/ D+ " * *R " ' W k 7 ‹ : *. * "
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*+ " * WH , " : *R *X
!N - ,? C
/ , " & ,E " R *R ` P G $ R
M " j < *R ` 9 3G D?C 89 ‡,Y
‡, F ‡, F ‡, • ‡ F ‡ F ‡
/ " X " *G A " X K ! γ E % *R " R 8
*?C K ! 8 2X " I) V 3O W G X X
X K ! < W) Y
α ‚N. 0! " ` ?< " F ?@ " E
# " R 3O W G K ! ?< " ! "
` " ) *+ , " 1
2 " X γ
lτ 0! " ` ?< " # " R
C 1
- , " X K ! 3 c ! % *R " R M "
#b , " I) V : 8 X O *?C 5 K !
< W) 06F NF F l1 X < 3 *K . & 3 *R ! "
c "F *R #v *R # # " ) F X O X ^ ? I Y
M " , Y K ! *?C 6. 6
M " Y K ! *?C N W N
M " < Y K ! , a
M "5 , Y K ! l . a l
(+ α ‚ N.
8 ?` j #b
/ DO 8 ) I K ! *?C I 8 " R 8 *?C
a "?@ #A " " ) *+ *?@ " " ' 0#A " : X
b a *] 1 *O " H !
M #$Y D% ` : W X … † UFˆ… X " ) *+ *?@ " " '
I Y 04E L1

51. 6 . 7 8$ 7
0U
1
( ;Y
D?@ " " 0 1 *?@ " ` W^ *b ‡, e 3O W G γ → α ‚ N.
D?@ " " 0 1 *?@ " ` 8G ; ‡, e 3O W G γ → α ‚ N.
MA " K ! γ ,H ‡ Y γ + , " 9 3G 0 ?< " ! " ` " ) *+
-./-. 1 MA " K ! γ & " R #?` ‡ Y γ + , " P G 8
" R : 08 " X ,H " ) *+ -./-. 1 " A " K ! γ & " R e
6 ≈ UU/ U 4
0 U/ = 4u 1
∆ • =UU
N ≈ =/ = 4u
≈ 5U 4u
∆ • UUU
∆ ≈ =UU ÷BUUU
l ≥ BU 4u
∆ † ‡ ÷‡,
l# ≈ 5UU
D?@ " ` W^ *b 3O W G γ → l
l8 ≈ /=UU
D?@ " ` 8G ; 3O W G γ → l
2G *?@ " % *R " R ^ *?@ " " 0 1 * O *X * O
` ‡, W^ *b X γ→ α ‚ N. ^ *?@ " " 0 1 * O ‡, e8G ;
3O W G γ→ α ‚ N.
2G *?@ " % *R " R ^ *?@ " ` l# E* O ^ *X
* O W^ *b X 3O W G γ→ l ^ l8 E* O *X
* O 8G ; 3O W G γ→ l S) V 3O W G 3
l ‚γ# S% ?C " γ# y $ R * O l8 2G l8 " < ƒU
E
%γ# " `
t0
n
γ
vth
γ qu¸ nguéi
4 L ( ) *+ *?@ " " ' : W X … †UFˆ
… †UFˆ…
γ → α + Xe
Mt + γd
Thêi gian
τ
A1
γ → Mt
M®
Mk
P
X
T
(α + Xet )
kÝch th-íc Xet ↓
1 2

52. 6 . 7 8$ 7
SJ #x" *?@ " " ' E ) : 8 " H ! &
,E 3O W G K ! X . ,$ U
/τ * E .
*?@ " " ' ,H ; " m8 ] , *?@ " " "
,]l#F l8 w
/ 2 3 Š R : 8 8 " *G *R
*] X γ IZ a73 #P " R *?@ " " ' 8 0 ] , , H "1 # *X
ma *] R " ,]M " ! " ` *?@ " G 3G *?@ " " *b "
M
c ! M 3 , " & ,E " R : *X *Q " *G
*R *] X K ! γ Y
2G M " • M IZ X γ → α ‚ N. a)3 , , " 8 ) " *R `
W^ *b 8G ; & ,E 3O W G ‡, ÷ ‡™
,
2G M " ≥ M IZ X γ → l a)3 , , " 8 ) " *R ` W^
*b 8G ; & ,E 3O W G l# ÷ l8
l % X K ! l , " 8 " R : *. b X * 8 Y
M " ≥ M X γ → l
M " Y % *R " R P G : , " ,?@ " " R
M Y % *R " R ` : 0a *] ,H *?@ " " '
X1
/ M 3 ,; , 8G & , "Y M # ( U M
. $ ? γ → Z - U 1 $ *' " - N % & 5
4U *' 5 ( " : 5 ! 5 ' ? S5 4 !
N $+ *' T 2 U *' " . O1 $ *' "
$+ ' -
M 3 8 " R 8 K ! 06F NF F l1 q
R % *R " R P G ?< " ! " ` M " ,H *?@ " " '
: *X
0& &'& , N ?T4 [c d 4 C % $ 4% !" , 9
9 ,9 % $ 4%
Q! - 9 " 9 -9 & 9 n 5 ,? 5 ( Y
5 @C 2-9 67 ( @- 9 o 3
:! - 9 " 9 -9 5 @C
l % ?< " 3 I) V * " " "
0W V 1 ) c ! $ * ?< " *O
0a. b 8 $ 1 $ O I *73 R I% ?< "
*O * *?C $ * I Y

53. 6 . 7 8$ 7
r W p $ : & *O *?C *R ! " *R #v
C " " *% ` : X … ?< "
? I Y
‚ : X *R ! " 8 0… — UFˆ…1 → ?< " 0" )
*R ! "1
‚ : X *R #v & 0… • UF …1 b ^ " #g → ?< "
?@ " 0 j 1
r RA: O: - : K 6( - : ,"_ 5 T ? ,€ k
*; w : X ?C " I Y
‚ : ! " 8 X " " ^ F # → ?< " 0" ) *R
! "1
‚ DR O ` → ?< " ?@ " 0 j 1
‚ [ ! " I #?F *+ " * b ?< "
@! - 9 n 5 ,? 5 ] & "[ (-
l % *?C & 3 ,E 3 X ) E " I% ?
W G , " & 3 ,E 3 K " & T " ?< " 0 E F
$ 1 *O *?C K ! X ? 9 % *X *R
"
r - 9 n 5 ,? ] ( : S 0 E *R "1
c ! b W , " : *O *R C
‚ D% ` : X … • UFˆ… U
†‡ ‚ 0 U ÷ =U1U
‚ D% ` : X … ≥ UFˆ… U
†‡ ‚ 0 U ÷ =U1U
r - 9 n 5 ,? "[ (- 0 E *R "1
c ! … , " : *O *R ?@ " C
‚ D% ` I) V : X … • UFˆ… U
†‡ ‚ 0 U ÷ =U1U
‚ D% ` I) V : X … ≥ UFˆ… U
†‡ ‚ 0 U ÷ =U1U
• - ,"[ <9 = -
‚ 2G m b " ) ! " I #?F *R : U
†
UU UU U
‚ 2G b *+ " * b *R :
U
† UU =UU
H! - & 9 n 5 ,? 5 = 2 & ,: 3 -9
67 ( - 9 o = $ @X 89
:! - Y 5 =
c ! * 8 I) V E *?C 3H b <
I) V *O ?< " 3 0 , 1 I Y

54. 6 . 7 8$ 7
/ S) V b *R ! " % " y →
?< " , 0 =U ÷ =UU
1
/ S) V b * + ?< " , , "
WE 0 UU ÷ 5=UU
1
/ S) V b < K " C ?< " ,
0=UU ÷ B=UU
1
@! - 9 n 5 ,? 5 ]: - 9 " 9 -9 &
,: l % *?C & 3 ,E 3 , h " ) E "
I% ? W G , " " * " X " 0 1F ,?@ " " R & 3
,E K " & T " ?< " 0 E 5F =1 *O I *?C K
! X < C * *?C $ * ?< "
r - 9 n 5 ,? 5 ]: 9 " 9 -9
0 #? *C c ! … , " : *O U
" % " ? ?< "
Y
‚ D% ` I) V : X … • UFˆ… U
†‡ ‚ 0 U ÷ =U1U
‚ D% ` I) V : X … ≥ UFˆ… U
†‡ ‚ 0 U ÷ =U1U
0 #? ,"[ C
l % ,?@ " " R : 8 ) #P ,H " 3H
^ Y
‚ l ,?@ " " R ) *) W) M " I) V 8 ≥ M
: G I) V *X E X γ → l
‚ l ,?@ " " R ) *) W) ! " I #? 0σ#1 I , I)
V j < " ` * + 0σ* 1 : G I) V *X *O X
, W] " H ! p 8 " R
" ?@ " , " P G X ,?@ " " R
< ?` #b F #P ,H " 3H ^ ,H "?@ ,?@ " " R
X : W C 8 ? I Y
‚ 2 X : W 0W) X M ` 1 ?@ " *?C " R , "
,?@ " " R ?` F ?` % F ?` a;
‚ 2 X : C 8 0W) X M j1 ?@ " *?C " R
, " ,?@ " " R < #b " "
r k 9 n 5 ,? ]: 9 " 9 -9 ,:
S 8 a *] ?< " 3 8G ; T " X
I) V 8 & 3 ,E J ,H G $ G
*R ?< " , I ,+ & 3 ,E X *O E K !
*?C : G I) V *XF @ X K ! 3 I) V
< 8 IZ 7 # , " * 8 & 3 *]

55. 6 . 7 8$ 7
j : %9 2QLl ÷÷÷÷ HLll
3 2 *?C K ! l, 0l, ‚ γ #?1 o " ' *R
! " % " y I 8 F *+ " @ " ) σ# 0! " I #?
I 8 1 *G ! b G *O I) V 8 " W] ? j " I 3
j : , @? 21ll ÷÷÷÷ JLll
3 2 *?C K ! , X < *
+ %
j : :( 2Lll ÷÷÷÷ MLll
3 2 *?C K ! N, X < K " C
04 F σWF δF 8 * k X σW o *) W) % 8 1
1! / M a *] *R " U
F ?@ " F , "
P G c ! G W] y " 0M 1 IK 3 3 , !
- M a *] *R ` 9 3G 0*O a *] *R
" 8 F F ?@ " 1 : W ?< " ! " ` " )
*+ , " -./ 04E ˆ1
( ; 04E ˆ1
D?@ " *R "
?< " 0
8 " 1
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?< " ?@ "
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: C 8 ?< " ! " ` " ) *+
, " -./ /2 4
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?@ " W " @ h " j < : C
8 E‡ : W ?@ " j <
‡ : C 8
: 6& 3 % J , $ 89 "
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E # " X b ; 9 *G W) : 0" ,]M 1 *O
,?@ " " R C 0 X , " IK 3 , ! 3
: 1
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, " P G G X y " " *O 8 O , *R ! " ,H 3 * *R
! " k *R W F *R #v ,H 3 * *R W 8: w G ? * 3H b
) E " 3H 7 *O I[ ' I j " # P & 3 ,E "73 ,
F 5
‡
911
n
.(/012
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9α+;<
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56. 6 . 7 8$ 7
M #$Y ; 3 Wd " : W X … † UFL… *. * , IK
3 : tLU S 8 ) * B ÷ B54u 2 ? " P G
8 O , *R ! " m* =5 ÷ =B4u F E " 3H 7 # *R ?
* < & 3 *] L„U ÷ ˆ UU
H K ! I 8 8 " * *R
! "F E 3 ) . *; " *R *Q & 3 *] w
/ S 8 *R , X I) V < 8 8 F
b ) a *] *R $ O 0*?C : H UU
1 , " IK 3
3 *O A C ` * 8 $ O T " I) V <
8 3 ,H " 3H ^ *R , " *R ! "F *R W " ) F *R
#v F *R # c " tP I% *R ! " J *R , 8 , "
IK 3 X O I 3 , *R W *R # * 2G I) V < 8
] ) x ` 3 " ` #?` *O X *R ! " F IZ X *R W ` F G
] ) *R " ` 3 " ` ,H *O X *R ! " < IZ X *R
# * w
0& &0& , 9 9 ,9 % $ 4% <@ e 1 P " 2 V %
P [E !"
2" ?< " 3 8G ; " ?@ " *?C ,E
W 3 J ,H y X R I% ?< " , 8 *? ! " #$ " , "
,?@ " C $ O 8 I) V < 8 *y j ?C " < F *R
3 ` < , " * 8 & 3 *] XF #$ A " R
I) V < 8 b < 8 " ' W k ‹ F " ' b ?p
3 # ^ X c " I ^ H ?p # J
*R , k I) V X E # " ! #g W] " H 8
ME 3 *O *) W) ?C " % I) V < 8 3 ; "
b W G #$ " ?< " , I " X
?< " 3 8G ; *k W W "+ Y
Q!# @D P 2 @D P 3
:! 67 6 ?< " W k #$ " I) V
< 8 , " * 8 b *R ! " % " y J W
k y , " ‹ o X *R #v # *O , " * 8 ) , "
*R " 8 , 3 *R " *+ " @ ] y W k # ) I ` `
W k 8
$67 (+ W ,c "F W I F ,$ ] y
W k w
@!4 5T - 9 " 9 -9 @D P • " X "
W k *G *R 0t " H m X W k *?C "
, " ‹ ? *?C "1 S *X " R , " ,?@ " C
*O *?C l
r

57. 6 . 7 8$ 7
/ I) V & W k y 7 " *?C *R W j
/ I) V < 8 ,H % X K % EI 8 W k
I " b ) , G .
/ l % P *O " W k F X P ? I Y
‚ 2 " Wd " G W] y b 0tP ,H ?C " ) ! "
* T *O " W k *G *R , " " 731 ( ?< "
b I%
‚ 2 " Wd " G W] j ‡a. 3 . 02 *R " [ * `
BUUU
*O " W k *G *R , " ; 1 ( ?< "
Wd " " [ j
H!# 7 @C
:! 67 #$ " I) V < 8 , " *
8 b b ! " 0#A " *O ^ " 1 b b 0*O X *R #v F #
] P * 1
$67 t$ " $ *$ , " " " R F # ^ 8 w
@!4 5T ]: - 9 " 9 -9 7 @C • " R b
b ! " *O *?C l
?@ " X G Y
/ Y 2 " b b ! " *G *R " ' R @ "
b G I *X " R , " ,?@ " *O l S *X *. *
,
/ Y 2 " X " WR I) V *G *R " ' R
@ " b G I *X " R , " ,?@ " b b ! " *O
l
3 m #$ " I) V *< G X O P , Wd "
#A " T b *Q " ? , 3 b *Q
*G *R , Wd " a. ` a9 W k X 0 b
,c " " ,< ≈ ˆU ÷ UUU
1 % " G *R X Wd "
; " WR I) V ,?@ " " R
1!# : ,"[ 2 C ,( : ,"[ 3
:! 67 #$ " I) V X E # " ! k
Wd " : X b W C 8 *O G " H !
p I) V 8 " R
@!4 5T ,?@ " " R ! *O *?C
*R 0*) W) I 8 X l 1 y ,?@ " " R !

58. 6 . 7 8$ 7
) X % *R " R < " ) ! " I WH , " *G ! j
*O , " H ! p I) V
/ 2 *R 3O " ' ,?@ " X " ,]Wd " l# 0"
*R W^ * 3G W G γ l1 R " H UUU
/ 2 *R 3O ) *) W) *; " G I EIZ #$ "
?< " ME 3 X $ R 3 " "?@ C
J!# 9 %9
:! 67 h " #$ " I) V X E # " !
k Wd " : X b W C 8 *O G "
H ! p I) V 8 " R
1- 0Q s " R I) V , " ,?@ " X IŒ
*R l# ‚ UUU
" ' I *R I) V Wd " *R
,?@ " " R ,+ , " 8 " 8
/ l ,?@ " " R Š C % X " )3 J *R l# ‚
UUU
/ 6 ?< " " R 7 *) W) ?C " < I ?< "
,?@ "
L!j : :( *P @
, : ?@ " K ! IZ *?C N, X < K "
C 2 ? " G *. , : r#$ " $ C 8 *k W s K
! : 3 *?C l, ME 3 *O 7 W ?< "
, ,H " ru *k W s
:! 67 #$ " #$ " $ < 8 Wd " : C 8
X K " ?C " " 3H % C 8 ≥ =… 0 : X ! " *R ! " !
' " : # ! " 3H % C 8 8 ) c " , W
F H 8 " : *O J *R F I 8 " R IZ *?C
l . a " " 3H % C 8 ?C " γ #? ` t *X 8 , *R ! "
: *?C c " H @ c " I% ?C " l, T γ# E W C
8 J *R , 3F * O E : " X1 DO *) W) ! " X "
W X " #$ " $ 8
@!4 5T *R , F K ! : ,H o
*?C l, F *+ " @ X H W C 8 2 @ K ! 3 I
8 , IZ X *R ! " < # 3 ,E*R ! "F *R W J
*R
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59. 6 . 7 8$ 7
f&F , %
Q!B F E:
• ?< " " X " : J *R *O WQ W k
: R I% " 3H %F 3 *K b ` W k
# *X 3 *K K ! . 9 %
H! 67
tA #$ " ,P G 3 " G E 3 c "
W k Y
/ c " *R ! " % " y
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/ X O X 8 ) c " c " % " a3 W k
ff&D 9 ,9 , &
Q!B F E:
• ?< " 3 Wd " " X " : X
b W … ≤ UF =… *G *R *O H W k
: " 3H % W 3 *K b W J ` W k
*G " ,]WQ H ` ÷ F …
H! 67 ]: 9 " 9 -9 % - @(
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62. 6 . 7 8$ 7
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63. 6 . 7 8$ 7
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65. 6 . 7 8$ 7
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66. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
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l F S F 6F S M 3 b , " : Y l ≤
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67. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
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68. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
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D ! 9 + 1 $ A B] p R 5 &g
0Q & T 5 ( " 5 1 T " A
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69. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
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2 ? *Q W G J ,H b : C 8 "
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70. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
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71. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
2" , " 3H % C 8 y j 0 ,T l 1
W F E G : *p " y 3 *K *R ` 0 ?@ "
*R ` < : W A " 1
+ ( " A ! + ! 0Q M A ! + ( 5 19 O
% & 9 M + + H ' D T9 H D - ? 9 %
M p & ( 5 19 & BM A 5 19 A ( -
@! " * n - ,? 5
" 3H % C 8 X ) ?J " ` *G & ,E 3 *k
W , # *X ) ?J " *G & 3 ,E 3 X K !
E , " :
t?` *73 a: ' " ) ?J " & , " Y
P
F D 1 $ M &# 0 $+ J
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& g O! " ( A $+ ' - t
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: " ` I[ #$ " I) V 3 K I[ #$ " " *?C
7 # k 8 ) c " ] P 8 "
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X E # " ! k 8 ?` `
e W
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k "
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3O W G X K ! 8 F E 3 *R , *O E
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72. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
Dk W *% ` ' " : C 8 ! " 3H % C 8 /W
` I% ?C " 0 : " X1 y & ,E 3O W G 8
, *G *R ==U/=LUU
0 ?< " *?< " ` , 1 o *?C
l, y X /W E *73 IZ I , *R ! " ! 0*R
! " I I 8 1 I *X # 3 ,E*R ! "F *R W 8 ) J
*R ==U/=LUU
0" ! " X " k W X " 1
5&'&D T $ <W %
5&'& &D T $ . P [E
X 7 : D% ` " < 8 b & 7 *G
7 . " #$ " 7 3 : ; " W G
8 ) c " I[ #$ " : R C 9 8 G I) V Wd " :
Q!# 89 5 6t 2 89 - Y 67 3
• ?@ " #A " , " " a73 #P "Y b F F 8 "F
0 X ?C " 3 8 ?@ " 6FS — UFU5…1
H!# 89 = % 2 89 '( -53
• ?@ " #A " G G 3 8G a73 #P "
& , " 0 X ?C " 3 8 6F S • UFU5…1
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• ?@ " #A " G #$ " $ , " " < 8 0 X
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? : 8 " "mF : J *R F : X I% " Q J
*k W F : % " y w ?@ " ?C " C 8 , 0— …1
` ?C " W , k ,
5&'&'&F W % 89 . g Q % " 1 Q 3 2
Q! - (' 89 - @(
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:!# 89 5 6t - @( d " ' 8€ . I% m*R W 8:
% O Wd " (f
M #$Y F 5F ˆF 5 F = F = F B Y n 3
*] < σW8 0 % O 1 (f
e W
: a73 #P " W *?C W X Y
‚ 2 X ‡ & 3 *] < 89 ? ,H

73. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
‚ 2 X & 3 *] b F 89 H ' J ,?`
89 Y
M #$Y F F 5F ˆF 5 F = F B Y
n 3 *] b 0 X W) " , $ O1 *?C 7 :
89 ?< " ! "
6 7 89 ˆY ' m : a73 #P " W X ‡ X
σW8 ≤ ˆ (f
‚ 2 X & 3 *] ) < b X F 89 8€ H
' J *d " ,?` 89
M #$Y ˆ X < ? ˆ y b X ?
ˆ
@!# 89 = % - @(
9 Wd " ' 8€ . I% m b W , " WE
M #$Y UF 5=F B=w
6 7 89 UY ' m : 8G W , " *X X
UF …
!# 89 67 7 : @(
9 Wd " ' t 8€ . I% m b W , " WE
M #$Y tLUF tˆUF t UUw
6 7 89 t UUY ' t m : #$ " $ W , " *X X
…
e W
‚ 7 89 b W ) & 3 *K b ,c F
I% b ,c y , " : 3G -. R l F S F 6F S
H! - (' 89 <9 =
. M2 LB= ~ L= Wd " % " ' I%Y
:!; W O
tA " *O 89 " 3H % C 8 02 4 1 X , " : Wd "
89 XY
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89
, , ,

74. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
lc " l l
S S S
M * M M
M >, Ž Ž
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tA " *O m b " 3H % W " 3H %
C 8 X , " 89 :
•••• # 9 - @(
/ I% J *b 89 m b W , " WE X , " :
MtY BU S
S% J *b 89 m b † BUf U UUU†UFB…
•••• # 9 5T W <9 =
E I% I ' m " 3H % C 8 *X G Y
/ X I% I ' *X m b ,c " 3H % *XY BUS 0S S X I% →
…S 1
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8 " X I% ≈ … ,
1!
/ : 3H #A " 0 : X " #$ " , H "1 X 89 , H " $ O
: 3H K c *d " ,?` 89 X ' ĥ I *X . & 3 *]
"
M #$Y ƒ• UU , → 7 89 Y ' ƒ• m : 3H K
c F I% UU m b W & 3 b ,c …
/ S 89 X 'Y
‚ 2G X ' I m : I 0 : 8 3 8 ? 8 [ 8G a3F
H 8 ,X 8 j " 8 F 8 ƒ W 3 H W k 3O
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a *] b W X , " :
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‚ : #$ " $ C 8 … — UFL…

75. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
M #$Y BUS : 8G C 8
„U l S Ž : #$ " $ C 8 ?@ "
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3G #A " : 8 V lŠ ?` X 7 89 , H "
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WK I " 8 G ! 3 R I% ?`
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H V 89 #A " " ?` li ,H < IJ ' " 89
, 3 % "Y š 2S
b 9 > 67
:! ( C W = 89
/ : W Y 5UF 5=F tˆU
/ : C 8 Y 5U ,l S F „U ,ŽS
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@!; "_ 6u
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. & 3 *] I% J I ' m b " 3H % *X
5&0& , $ 89 P [E <
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Q! 67 & 5T A 67
/ " #$ "Y • 3G #A " , " a73 #P " 0*?C "
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8 ?@ " j 3
/ ˜H b I[ #$ " : a73 #P "Y
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‚ b *R #v % *O & " " # % F # E I) V
δ† ˆ÷ U… 0*% ` j δ† =÷ U…1

76. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
‚ b X % E b ` ) & " "
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H!B P * U & 9 (-
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8 X : 3 ) *) W) *k * O b I Y
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UF … *% ` : C 8
/ b " 3H % C 8 , " : C 8 X K " ?C " j
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‚ ?C " 3 8 : a73 #P " 8 " Y 6F S — UFU5…
Š R " 3H % H " ?@ " 8 " & 3 8G
;
‚ c ! *k * O b 3 *O W G 89
: a73 #P "
1! $67 - (' 89 "[ 6Z & > 67
:!# 89 5 6t - @(
/ 2 X ‡Y K W G , " " 8 G 8i J # "
W V # X " *O 8G G 8 " ) &
W G # " X "F 3 2G & m *?C : )3
: k "
?@ " 8G a73 #P " *< " ) 0 F 5F ˆ1F , H "
= ?@ " *?C : d *O % WH " ˆIF ˆ J
# " ,y ,< = J # " : d
/ 2 X 8G F X E 8G ] P
? b F *X " F G & # " R
@!# 89 5 6t <9 = 2 89 <9 = %9 Y *C @D :( ; Rka 3
t X " 3H % C 8 IZ c " " ` )3 " ` W F
c y o *) W) F " E c " 8 " * " 8O #
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a.
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F 8G 8 J " ,E 8 " " 0 A " 8 Wc "
" F W O 1F " " ) 08G 1

77. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
J!1!H!# 89 = %
Q! 67 & 5T A 67
0 67 : 3G *O G G 3 H y
" : G 3F X : #A "
0 vT A 67 89 *U '( - -5
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UFL … 1
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. 9 % 0a. $ 5 f 1 DO *) W) 7 " 3H b <
G 3F *k W *R W F " ` )3F K "
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2 4 1 " , y X R I% ?C " j " 3H % C 8 d 8 ^
$ ?C * O " 3H % C 8 "73 ,
$67 : X l #g ` *R "F % 3 b
X *O O j *
1! (' 89 = %
G 3 # * 8 ; " , 8 H
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0a. $ 5 f 1
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78. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
*R " ] I W k M #$Y W ,c "F F % a F *x I F
,$ w
0 vT A 67 89 *U '( - -5
‚ k b *R ! " % " y *O ] I W k
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?C " "Q3F p *R "R 8 , " * 8 ] ) , " *R "
0 B P * U 5 & (- 5 l % X 3H b I[ #$ "
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0 vT A 67 89 *U '( & *P * U 5 ]:

79. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
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5U ,2 F 5= ,2 F 5U ,2 l G 3 , 3 *R " 8
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* + M #$ ? y a F F #73 X *+ " +

80. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
0 vT A 67 89 *U '( c ! * 8 I[ #$ " : G
G b * + I[ #$ " 3H b 8 " *?C W G # " I
8 H : ) c ! ) , " x P *
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0
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% C 8 *G : S *X a: *G < K !
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$67 - (' 89 "[ 6Z & > 67
: W Y BUF B=_ : C 8 B=l F BUl #A " *O G
y a ?@ "
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S a)
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/ 89 : Y
: W Y ˆF 5=F B=
: C 8 Y ˆ ,l F 5U ,F B=l
˜H b : *O G G 3 , " * 8
I Y
‚ DR ! " *R % " y W k y ‹ X *R #v #
‚ b < K " C
‚ b * +
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Q!# 89 67 7 "[
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?@ " # *X ; " ?@ " X " *k * O b
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: b W ? G 3 : 8G "
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*?C ? " ) 8€ . " #$ " T " t?` *73 ; " b
W G 8 G ! I *O P 89 : #$ " $ 3
:! 67 & 5T A 67

81. 5 ( &E D ! 9 W
= >3
0 67 • #A " 3G *O G #$ " $ ?@ "
#A " , " " < 8 DX #$ " $ # ^ X c " I
F #$ " $ W G # " " R F #$ " $ *
0 vT $ - (' 67 7 "[
l % #$ " $ *?C *) W) K 8 I[ #$ " 0*R
a #$ " $F 8 ?` * 1 E3H b I[ #$ " " )
* *?C Y
‚ DR ! " ≥ =B 4u *O #$ " $ *?C
‚ % " y % *O *) W) K a 8 "
" , " & ,E
I[ #$ " #$ " $ 8 b X 3H b 8
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J *R 8 c ! ! " X " * *?C *O & 3G *] %
*R ^ % * # " R b *R # * *) W) *O ] * 8
? " *R ! " 8 " *?C < =B 4u
@!B P * U - (' 89 67 7 "[
•••• B P * U 9 (-
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5 f 1 E b W C ≥ UFL…
D% ` : #$ " $ ?@ " C 8 *O c " 8 ) c "
#$ " $ K X " G E " 3H % C 8
, " : ' " " 3H % C 8 Y l F S F ,F Ž ` ?C "
?@ " 8 " & … 0 W H *G L…1 , " : " #$ " c " *R
y *?C /W C 8 *O 7 " *R ! "F % "
y X O c " ! " X " # ^ 2" , y X R
I% " 3H % C 8 X #$ " 8 ^ $ ?C * O " 3H % C
8 "73 ,
$ 67 : ?@ " #A "Y tLUw t U‡F 0 UU ,S F
„U ,l S F UU ,Žl F U ,F 5U ,l
/ ?C " 3 8 : Y 6F S ≤ UFU5 Š " 3H %
/ tP *k * O 3 *O W G 89 : ?@ " #A "
/ l % #$ " $ *?C 7 # W^ W R ) 3 8G
;
•••• B P * U 5
DO * ! " *?C 3H b < " #$ " $ 3F *k
* O 3 Y u
! - (' 89 67 7 "[ 6Z & 67
•••• # 89 6:( S Y p % %9