The Web Comes Alive with Data! Schema.org and Structured Data on the Web: Past, Present, Potential
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The document summarizes the development of structured data and schema.org on the web. Early attempts included microformats and ontology models like FOAF, SKOS, and GoodRelations. Schema.org was later introduced in 2010 to provide common vocabularies for search engines and lower the bar for webmasters. It has led to widespread adoption with over 15% of sites using it. This structured data has enabled additional features in search engines like knowledge graphs at Google and rich pins at Pinterest. It has also allowed applications in areas like recommendations, actions, and reservations.
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The Web Comes Alive with Data! Schema.org and Structured Data on the Web: Past, Present, Potential
- 1. The Web Comes Alive with Data! Schema.org and Structured Data on the Web: Past, Present, Potential @jaymyers Google DevFest Twin Cities February 8, 2014
- 2. • Early adopter • Semantic Web, Linked & Open data enthusiast • Speaker
- 3. Web of Today • • • • 25 million web sites Trillions of web pages 5 billion web pages change every day 1000x more web pages on the “deep web”
- 6. “1980-10-21” “Actress”* birthDate jobTitle jobTitle Kim Kardashian “Director”* “HollywoodLife” provider provider “TooFab” * questionable, but we’ll go with it
- 7. Goals • Create a web for both humans and machines • Entice webmasters to make metadata available through structured HTML • Gain access to the meaning of web sites
- 8. Early Attempts • Meta Content Framework • RDF • OWL
- 9. Semantic Web “A new form of Web content that is meaningful to computers will unleash a revolution of new possibilities” - TBL
- 10. Microformats (‘03) Addresses, geo, blog posts, media (images/ video), news, products, recipes, reviews and more!
- 11. Microformats example <div class="item hproduct"> <ol> <li class="lister vcard"><a class="url fn" href="http://storename.com">Magers and Quinn</a></li> <li class="category"><a href="http://storename.com/categories/books">Books</a></li> </ol> <img src="http://images.storename.com/products/ramsay-fast-food.jpg" class="photo" alt="gordon ramsay fast food book" /> <p><span class="condition">New:</span> <span class="price">$27.99</span></p> <p>Pub price: $35.00</p> <p>Hardcover</p> <p class="availability">Out of stock</p> <h1 class="fn">Gordon Ramsay's Fast Food Recipes from the F Word</h1> <p>By Ramsay, Gordon</p> <dl class="identifier"> <dt>ISBN:</dt> <dd>1554700647</dd> </dl> <dl class="identifier"> <dt>Publisher:</dt> <dd>Amer Youth Hostels</dd> </dl> <h4>Publishers Comments</h4> <p class="description">A celebrity host of Hell's Kitchen features more than one hundred accessible recipes that are organized in accordance with everyday needs and special occasions, in a volume that places an emphasis on fast preparation and features complementary tips on stocking a pantry.</p> </div>
- 12. Ontology Models:FOAF <mailto:jmyers1551@gmail.com> <mailto:cledwyn@gmail.com> foaf:mbox “Jaydog” foaf:knows foaf:nick foaf:homepage <http://jaymmyers.tumblr.com> foaf:mbox Jay Myers a foaf:Person foaf:nick Lloyd Cledwyn a foaf:Person “Professor Lloyd” foaf:homepage <http://stthomas.edu>
- 13. Ontology Models:SKOS category:Boston_Celtics category:Minnesota_ Timberwolves category:National_Basketball_Association_ franchise_relocations category:Atlanta_Hawks skos:broader skos:broader skos:broader skos:broader skos:broader skos:prefLabel National Basketball Association teams a skos:Concept category:Defunct_National_ Basketball_Association_teams “National Basketball Association teams”
- 14. Ontology Models:GoodRelations “Make a delicious breakfast treat…” “Euro Cuisine” gr:description gr:hasManufacturer gr:includesObject a gr:Offering gr:hasMPN Euro Cuisine – gr:category 8" Heart-Shape Waffle Maker a gr:ProductOrService “WM520” “Waffle_Makers”
- 15. RDFa <html xmlns=“http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:rdfs=“Http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#” xmlns:dc=“http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/” xmlns:xsd=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# xmlns:foaf=“http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/” xmlns:gr=http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1# xmlns:geo=http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos# xmlns:v=http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns# xmlns:r=http://rdf.data-vocabulary.org/#> <div class="vcard" typeof="gr:LocationOfSalesOrServiceProvisioning" about="#store_201"> <h1 id="site_title" property="geo:lat_long" content="29.521643, -98.493599"> <a href="http://stores.bestbuy.com/201">Best Buy - San Antonio</a> </h1> </div> <div rel="v:adr"> <p class="geo" typeof="v:Address v:Work”> <strong><span property="v:street-address">125 Nw Loop 410 Ste 201</span></strong><br /> <strong> <span property="v:locality">San Antonio, </span> <span property="v:region">TX</span> <span property="v:postal-code">78216</span> </strong> <br /> Phone: <span property="v:tel"><span typeof="v:Tel v:Home">888-229-3770</span></span><br /> Email: <a href="mailto:Keith.Allen2@bestbuy.com" rel="v:email">Keith.Allen2@bestbuy.com</a></p> <span rel="v:geo">GEO: <span property="v:latitude">29.521643</span>, <span property="v:longitude">98.493599</span></span></p> </div>
- 16. Why?
- 17. Circa 2007
- 18. Additional content on SERPs Data automagically extracted from HTML
- 20. Value prop: “Give us your data in a machinereadable format and we’ll make your stuff more attractive in search results”
- 21. Results • 1000x increase in structured markup • Increases in user engagement (click throughs) for SERP objects created from structured markup • Small number of interesting applications built on top of structured data
- 22. But… • Too many choices (syntax, ontology, etc.), fragmented • A lot of bad markup – up to 40% • Not easy enough for your average “Joe Webmaster”
- 23. 2010
- 24. schema.org • Common vocabularies that search engines can understand • Lower the bar for webmasters to publish data on the web • Improve user experience through data
- 25. Introducing: Microdata <div id="pagecontent" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/media/rm974696448/nm2578007?ref_=nm_ov_ph"> <img id="name-poster" alt="Kim Kardashian Picture" title="Kim Kardashian Picture" src="http://ia.mediaimdb.com/images/M/MV5BMTc0MjkzOTAxNV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNTk1NjcyNw@@._V1_SX214_CR0, 0,214,317_.jpg" itemprop="image"/> </a> <h1 class="header"> <span class="itemprop" itemprop="name">Kim Kardashian</span></h1> <div class="infobar" id="name-job-categories"> <span class="itemprop" itemprop="jobTitle">Actress</span> <span class="itemprop" itemprop="jobTitle">Producer</span> </div> <div class="inline" itemprop="description"> TV star, entrepreneur, fashion designer, and author (New York Times bestseller - "Kardashian Konfidential"), Kim Kardashian first burst onto the scene in 2007, after the premiere of her hit E! Entertainment reality series ... </div> <time datetime="1980-10-21" itemprop="birthDate"> <a href="/search/name?birth_monthday=1021&refine=birth_monthday&ref_=nm_ov_bth_monthday" >October 21</a>, <a href="/search/name?birth_year=1980&ref_=nm_ov_bth_year" >1980</a> </time> </div>
- 27. Looks Like We’ve Got Something Here! • 15% of all sites contain schema.org markup • Many major sites • Adoption by content systems like Drupal and Wordpress • Around 1200 object types and growing • Significant reduction in error rates
- 28. Practical Applications in Search Yahoo! Related Entities
- 29. Practical Applications in Search Yandex Islands
- 30. Practical Applications in Search Google Knowledge Graph Additional content driven by schema.org derived data
- 31. Practical Applications in Search Google Knowledge Graph Additional content driven by schema.org derived data
- 32. Other Applications Pinterest Rich Pins
- 33. Other Applications Gmail “Actions in the Inbox” • Actions – rent a movie, buy something • Orders – post transaction order confirmation, shipping status • Reservations – restaurant, travel, tickets
- 34. Other Applications JSON-LD { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Person", "name": "John Doe", "jobTitle": ”Technologist", "affiliation": ”Big Boxen ‘R’ Us", "additionalName": "Johnny", "url": "http://www.example.com", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "1234 Freeze Drive", "addressLocality": ”Icebox", "addressRegion": ”Minnesota" } }
- 36. Credits Guha, Ramanathan V. “Light at the End of the Tunnel.” 12th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC), Sydney, NSW, Australia. 23 October 2013. Keynote Address.
Notas do Editor
- Who am I
- examples
- What’s in it for me?