3. Introduction
Two types of software
System software
designed to operate and control the computer hardware
Example: OS ,assembler
application software
are often called productivity programs or end-user programs
because they enable the user to complete tasks such as
creating documents, spreadsheets, databases, and
publications ,etc .
Example: word processor, database program,IRCTC.
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4. Introduction
Need of system Software:-
To achieve effective performance of the system.
To make effective execution of general user program.
To make effective utilization of human resources.
To make available new, better facilities.
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5. Introduction
Application of system software:-
It increases the productivity of computer
translate normal language into machine language.
efficient management of various resources.
manages multiprocessing, paging, segmentation, resource
allocation.
Operating system and File systems allow flexible storing and
retrieval of information
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6. Introduction
Components of system programming:-
Interpreter
Assembler
Compiler
Macros and microprocessor
Formal systems
Debugger
Linkers
Operating system.
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8. Macros
a single instruction that expands automatically into a
set of instructions to perform a particular task.
used as general text handlers and for specializing
operating system
To design OS.
Macro processor processes macro(macro call and
macro expansion)
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14. EVOLUTION OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE:-
The earliest computers were entirely programmed in a M/C
language.
Programmer hand assemble into machine code.
Use of assembler
Use of relocating loaders
Linkers
Multiple copies of the same program run at the same time.
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15. EVOLUTION OF OPERATING
SYSTEM:-
It is the software which manages hardware of the
computer and provides those resources, through an
API, to application programs.
FORTRAN
Batch Operating System:
Multiprogramming :
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16. EVOLUTION OF OPERATING
SYSTEM:-
FORTRAN
place the FORTRAN compiler (green deck) in the card
hopper
Place source code deck into the card hopper and punch
object code on red card.
Load a pink deck of cards marked “loader”
Place newly translated object deck in the card hopper
Place the card of subroutine in card hopper
the loader would transfer execution to the users
program & add data card
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17. EVOLUTION OF OPERATING
SYSTEM:-
FORTRAN disadvantages
Waste of computer time
Batch operating system
advantages
facility to batch jobs was provided
Utilization of computer time
Disadvantages
inefficient management of resources
Costly
Memory wastage
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18. EVOLUTION OF OPERATING SYSTEM:-
Multiprogramming OS with partitioned core memory
Fragmentation
reloadable partitions
Paging
Simple paging
Demand Paging
Traffic controller
Scheduler
I/O processor
I/O programming
Segment
Files
Directories
Data or Programs
Time sharing
Virtual memory
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