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Vascular plants that do not produce seeds
Spores only
Vascular tissues: tracheids and sieve cells
Post lab discussion
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/Webb/BOT201/BOT201/201‐98Theme.htm#Plantae:%20Pterophyta
Description of Vascular Tissues which Proto means first.
develop from Procambium
Everything inside the Endodermis
hi i id h d d i
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divided Amphiphloic Siphonostele
has a pith in the center Concentric vascular bundles with an
Endodermis surrounding the bundle
Leaf gap
similar to the dictyostele but the bundles collateral
lack an endodermis and are collateral or bundles (closed
bicollateral (open type) type) distributed
in more that one
ring within the
Stem
perforations no Endodermis
erect stems as well as Stolons and
Division Psilotophyta Rhizomes
Division Lycophyta – Selaginella and pp y
can be epiphytic
Lycopodium
d
have Microphylls (leaves) and Roots
Division Pterophyta– ferns
Branching is Dichotomous for both organs
Division Sphenophyta– horsetails or
Equisetum
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Trabeculae
‐ cells of the endodermis
‐ highly elongated and span an air space
Rhizomatous,
stolon
Roots are
adventitious
d
Megaphyll
predominate
organizational
pattern for fern
leaves is Pinnate.
produced complex stelar organization in
some ferns
Leafy stems have dissected steles while
f h di d l hil
Rhizomes (produce few or no leaves) have
relatively undissected steles.
No leaf gap with leaf gap starting
to form
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cortex
endodermis
xylem
phloem
Aerial Stems &
Rhizomes
Grooved, Jointed
Grooved Jointed
Microphyll, Whorled
Arrangement
Hollow canals‐
Cells Destroyed by
Elongation
Central canal
Leaves are fused and form a
sheath around the stem at each
node.
The number of tips signifies the
number of leaves.
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•Thick Walls Sclerenchyma
(Ridges)
•Cutenized
Cortical
•Rough Surface = (Vallecular) Canals
Silicon
Collenchyma
•(Nick name = Chlorenchyma
Scouring Rush)
Opposite the caused by the
ridges destruction of
Protoxylem during
Stele: eustele
S l l Elongation
l
May serve for
conduction but not
efficient
Endarch
Tracheids, in some
vessels
Sieve elements metaxylem
l
protoxylem
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