1. HOW TO CHARGE
FOR CHARGING?
CHOOSING THE RIGHT
STRATEGY FOR BILLING
AND PAYMENTS FOR EV
CHARGING

2. TO PAY OR
NOT TO PAY?
FREE CHARGING
Good for EV promotion
But the future development of EV
ecosystem needs a solid business model.

3. THE COST OF EV CHARGING
INVESTMENT
COSTS
HARDWARE
MAINTENANCE
SOFTWARE
MAINTENANCE
OPERATIONAL
COSTS
CHARGED
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY
CONSUMED BY
CHARGER
GRID
CONNECTION
TRANSACTIONS

4. KEY QUESTIONS IN COMMERCIAL MODEL
WHAT DO WE SELL?
HOW DO WE SELL IT?
HOW DO WE GET THE
MONEY?

5. WHAT ARE WE
SELLING EXACTLY?
ELECTRICITY?
DRIVING RANGE?
TIME IN CHARGER?
PERMISSION TO USE QC?

6. REQUIREMENTS
FOR COMMERCIAL
PLATFORM
PRICING FLEXIBILITY
• kWh-based pricing
• Session-based pricing
• Time-based pricing
• Subscription-based pricing
TRANSACTION CONTROL
• Authorized sessions
• kWh-based limits
• Session duration control
• Credit limits

7. THE STRUCTURE OF DYNAMIC RATE
NOW! Platform enables charging station/network service operators to set-up
dynamic kwh- or time-based rates using rate frames logic.
EXAMPLE: The more the EV driver chargers the cheaper it is to charge the vehicle.
One rate – three frames
Frame 1
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
up to 5 KWH
0.1 KWH
0.5 EUR
Frame 2
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
5-10 KWH
0.1 KWH
0.3 EUR
Frame 3
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
15- …KWH
0.1 KWH
0.2 EUR

8. MULTIPLE RATES ON DIFFERENT TIME-FRAMES
NOW! Platform enables charging station/network service operators defining time-based rates.
EXAMPLE: It is possible to combine time-based and rate-based pricing. It can be cheaper for an EV
driver to charge over night.
07:00 – 21:00
Rate frame 1
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
up to 5 KWH
0.1 KWH
0.5 EUR
21:00 – 07:00
Rate frame 2
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
5- unlimited KWH
0.1 KWH
0.2 EUR
Rate frame 1
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
up to 5 KWH
0.1 KWH
0.3 EUR
Rate frame 2
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
5- unlimited KWH
0.1 KWH
0.2 EUR

9. IMPROVE CUSTOMER LOYALTY WITH SUBSCRIPTION
PACKAGES
NOW! Platform enables adding subscription fee (monthly fee, for instance) and
combine this fee with lower tariffs.
EXAMPLE: SPECIAL RATES FOR PREMIUM USERS – FIRST 5KWH FOR FREE
SPECIAL RATE CLASS
MONTHLY FEE
10 EUR
Rate frame 1
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
up to 5 KWH
0.1 KWH
0 EUR
Rate frame 2
Unit
Duration
Granularity
Price per unit
KWH
5 KWH- unlimited
0.1 KWH
0.11 EUR

10. HOW DO WE SELL IT?

11. NOW! PLATFORM
FEATURES
SELF-SERVICE
Registration over the website or in mobile app
AUTOMATED APPROACH
Launch charging using mobile phone, RFID-card, pin-pad.
MULTIPLE BILLING OPTIONS
• Pre-paid accounts
• Pay-as-you-go
• Post-paid

12. WHEN TO CHARGE FOR CHARGING?
Based on the EV driver classes, it is possible to set-up various billing options within
NOW! Platform.
PRE-PAID
PAY-AS-YOU-GO
Collect payments from users in
advance before using the services.
Collect payments as the services are
used, after each charging session.
Advantages:
• Credit risk management
• Suitable for non-regular
customers.
•
•
User registration required over the
web or app. The user wallet has to
have funds available at all times
prior to using of services.
User registration required over the
web or app. Payment source, which
will be billed after each transaction
has to be linked to the account.
Advantage: improved cash flow
Disadvantage: high transaction
costs
POST-PAID
Services are offered to customers
throughout month, and in the end
of the month the customers are
billed to pay for the services within
the given time frame.
• Advantage: low transaction
costs.
• Disadvantage: higher credit risk.
User registration required over the
web or app. At registration user is
assigned a credit limit. Monthly
invoices can be paid by bank
transfer or credit-card.

13. HOW TO GET THE
MONEY
IN A REASONABLE
WAY?

14. COMPARING DIFFERENT PAYMENT METHODS
When offering different payment methods to customers, it is important to consider costs associated with each
method, as they can significantly increase the cost of hard and thus the service. Providing physical credit card or
cash POS hardware makes sense only with high turnover services.
CREDIT/DEBIT
CARD POS
+ CASH
CASHLESS
PAYMENTS
Adds hardware costs 5001000EUR per charger
Same costs as in credit/debit
card POS
+
CASH HANDLING COSTS
0.2% - 0.5% of sum,
minimum 15-20EUR per one
money collection routine
NO ADDITIONAL HARDWARE
COSTS
Adds maintenance costs
15-20EUR per charger per
month minimum
Transaction costs
2-3% of sum, fixed minimum
0.2-0.5EUR
+ System certification costs
NO ADDITIONAL
MAINTENANCE
WITH E-INVOICES NO
TRANSACTION FEES

15. CASHLESS PAYMENTS AND MOBILE WALLET EXPLAINED
CHOOSE THE SERVICE
MOBILE WALLET GETS
THE REAL MONEY
FROM THE PAYMENT
SOURCE
AUTHORIZE
TRANSACTION
STORE THE TRANSACTION
IN YOUR MOBILE WALLET
IN PAYMENT SYSTEM
CREDIT
CARD
BANK
ACCOUNT
PAYPAL
PAYMENT SYSTEM
DISTRIBUTES MONEY
TO SERVICE PROVIDERS

16. PAYMENT SOURCES SUPPORTED BY NOW! PLATFORM
NOW! Platform supports various payment processing e.g. real-time payments using credit cards or direct debit
payments, manual payments, etc. Since transaction costs depend on the payment source, you may choose the
right mix depending on the nature of your business and customers.
“REAL-TIME”
DEBIT CARDS:
• VISA
• MasterCard
• Maestro
CREDIT CARDS:
• VISA
• MasterCard
• American
• AMERICA EXPRESS
• Diners Club
• JCB
ONLINE PAYMENT SOURCES
• PayPal
• Skrill
• Other
ASYNCHRONOUS
SEPA DIRECT DEBIT
MANUAL
SEPA BANK TRANSFER
CASH PAYMENTS

17. CHECK LIST
To make the EV charging service sustainable it is
extremely important to choose the right payment
solution.
FLEXIBLE TARIFF ENGINE
VERSATILE BILLING MODELS
CASHLESS PAYMENTS
VARIOUS PAYMENT SOURCES

18. SEE ALSO: NOW! INNOVATIONS CASE STUDIES
www.nowinnovations.com/
case-studies
To read the case studies
scan the QR code or click
the link above

19. THANK YOU!
JARMO TUISK
Director, electric mobility solutions
Mob:
+372 52 01443
Office:
+372 6 023 046
Skype:
jarmotuisk
jarmo.tuisk@nowinnovations.com
www.nowinnovations.com