ppt

5. MORPHOLOGY OF DECIDUOUS TEETHMORPHOLOGY OF DECIDUOUS TEETH
 Dr jameel kifayatullah KCD

6. Functions of primary teeth
 needed for efficient chewing of food
 provide support for lips and cheeks
maintaining a normal facial
appearance and smile
 formulation of clear speech
 critical for maintaining space for
permanent teeth to erupt

8. Important times for tooth
eruption
1. NO TEETH (EDENTULOUS)
• From birth to 6 months old (approximately):
There are no teeth visible within the mouth.
2. PRIMARY DENTITION ONLY
• 6 months to 2 years old (approximately): All
primary
teeth are erupting into the child’s mouth
over this period.
• 2 to 6 years old (approximately): All 20 primary
teeth are present; no permanent teeth are yet visible
in the mouth.

9. Important times for eruption
 3. MIXED DENTITION
• 6 years old (approximately): Permanent teeth
start to appear, beginning with the first molars
(also called 6-year molars) just distal to the primary
second molars. followed closely
by the loss of the primary mandibular central
incisors, which are quickly replaced by the
permanent mandibular central incisors.
 • 6 to 9 years old: All eight permanent incisors
replace primary incisors that are exfoliated (shed).

10. Important times for eruption
 9 to 12 years old: All four permanent
canines and eight premolars replace
primary canines and molars.
• 12 years old: Second molars (also
called 12-year molars) emerge distal to
the permanent first molars.

11. Important times for eruption
4. ADULT DENTITION ONLY
• After 12 years (second) Molars erupt,
28 permanent teeth are present, and all
primary teeth have been exfoliated and
replaced.
• 17 to 21 years old: Third molars (if
present)
emerge.

13. Deciduous versus permanent dentition
Smaller in size
Shorter crown height relative to total crown
root length
Greater crown width mesiodistally relative to
inciso(occluso) gingival height
 Relatively longer roots than their
crowns compared to permanent teeth

14. Deciduous versus permanent dentition
CERVICAL RIDGES on labial and
lingual surface of anterior teeth
 Buccal cervical ridges on deciduous molars
 Constricted cervix(squeezed in)
 Occlusal aspect: constricted occlusal table

15. Deciduous versus permanent dentition
 Longer and thinner roots when
compared to permanent teeth
 Flaring or spreading in deciduous
molar roots.

16. Pulp chamber deciduous v/s
permanent teeth
 Larger pulp chamber compared to
permanent teeth

17. Deciduous Dentition
 The layers of enamel and dentin of primary
teeth are thinner than on secondary teeth,
so the pulp cavities are proportionally
larger and therefore closer to the surface
 Primary teeth are less mineralized so
become very worn
 Primate spaces: Interproximal spaces
between primary teeth i.e b/w max lateral
incisor and canine and b/w mandibular
canine and first molar--- proper
alignment of permanent

18. Dental formula

20. Deciduous teeth

22. 1. Prominent cervical ridges on facial surfaces
run mesiodistally
2. The prominent lingual cingula seem to bulge and
occupy about one third of the cervicoincisal
length
3. No depressions, mamelons, or perikymata on
the labial surface of the crowns of the primary
incisors
TRAITS OF ALL PRIMARY
ANTERIOR
TOOTH CROWN

23. ROOT TRAITS OF ANTERIOR TEETH
 The roots of primary anterior teeth are
long in proportion to crown length and are
relatively narrow mesiodistally
 The roots of primary anterior teeth bend
labially in their apical one third to one half
by as much as 10 degree.

24. Deciduous incisors
 Eruption
Mandibular before maxillary incisors
Central before lateral incisors
 No mamelons, labial grooves or lobes

26. Maxillary Central incisor
 UNS------------------E, F
 FDI--------------------- 51, 61
 PALMER-------------- A A
 Eruption time------- 7.5months(FULLER)
 Order----------------- 1
 Shedding----------- 6-7 years

27. Maxillary Central incisor
 Increased mesiodistal width of
crown (unique trait)
 Rounded mesioincisal and
distoincisal angle than
permanent successor.
 No mamelons on incisal
surface+ flat incisal surface
 No labial grooves, depressions
or lobes
 Pronounced bulge on labial
surface.

28. Maxillary Central incisor
 Prominent
cingulum.
 Prominent
marginal ridges
 Deeper lingual
fossa.
 No lingual pit

29. Maxillary Central incisor
 MESIAL ASPECT:
wider labiolingually
 Cervical line exhibits
less curvature
incisally.
 DISTAL ASPECT:
 Cervical line curvature
less on distal surface
as compared to mesial
surface.

30. Maxillary Central incisor
Incisal Aspect
 Straight incisal
edge
 Divides the crown
into equal labial
and lingual
portions.
 Greater
mesiodistal width.

31. Maxillary Central incisor
 Single root
 Tapers evenly to
the apex
 Root longer
relative to crown
length.

32. Maxillary Lateral Incisor
 UNS--------------------D ,G
 FDI--------------------- 52, 62
 PALMER--------- B B
 Eruption time------- 9
months(FULLER)
 Order----------------- 2
 Shedding------------ 7 -8 yrs

33. Maxillary Lateral incisor
 Much smaller than central
(trapezoidal labially,
triangular proximal aspect)
 Crown is wider
incisocervically than
mesiodistally.
 Distoincisal angle more
rounded than mesioincisal
angle
 Marginal ridges on lingual
surface more prominent
 Lingual fossa is deep

34. Maxillary lateral incisor
Incisal aspect
 Much narrower
Mesiodistal dimension
 more rhomboidal &
more convex.

35. Maxillary Lateral Incisor
ROOT
 Lateral incisor root
relatively longer
 Apex not so
rounded.

36. Lok virsa museum islamabad
DR UMAR KHITAB

37. Mandibular teeth

38. Mandibular central incisor
 UNS-------------------- P, O
 FDI--------------------- 81, 71
 Eruption time------- 6
months(FULLER)
 Order----------------- 1
 Shedding------------ 6-7 yrs

40. Mandibular central incisor
 Chisel shape incisor morphology
 Sharp mesioincisal and distoincisal
angles to the cervial line(90
DEGREES)
 Incisal margin straight,no
mamelons.
 Smooth labial surface lacking
developmental depressions.
 Flatter than labial surface of
permanent incisors.
 Labially symmetrical crown
 Bulge on labial surface at CEJ.

41. Mandibular central incisor
 Well developed
lingual cingulum
 Less defined
marginal ridges
than those of
maxillary
deciduous central
incisor.
 Shallow lingual
fossa

42. Mandibular central incisor
Proximal aspect;
 Triangular in shape/ wedge shaped
when seen from mesial or distal
aspect.
 Incisal edge located over root centre.
 Cervical line contour evenly curved
towards incisal.
 Greater labiolingual width than that
of permanent incisors.
 Distal aspect shows less depth of
curvature towards incisal.

43. Mandibular central incisor
 Straight incisal edge
 Divides the labial and
lingual portions of the
crown into nearly
equal halves.
 In deciduous maxillary
central incisor the
crown is wider MD.
 M & D portions of
crown symmetrical

44. Mandibular central incisor
 Single ,long
,slender
 Convex labial and
lingual surfaces.
 Flattened mesial
and distal
surfaces.

45. Mandibular Lateral Incisor
 UNS--------------------Q , N
 FDI--------------------- 82, 72
 Eruption time------- 7 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 2
 Shedding------------ 7-8 years

46. Mandibular lateral incisor
 Similar in form to
deciduous central
incisor.
 Distoincisal angle is
rounded, mesioincisal
angle is sharp.
 Labial/lingual aspect:
Incisal outline slopes
slightly towards the
distal

47. Mandibular Lateral Incisor
 Lingual Aspect
 Cingulum and
marginal ridges
little larger.
 Lingual fossa little
deeper.

48. Mandibular Lateral Incisor
 Incisal aspect:
crown not
symmetrical.
 Cingulum bulges
towards distal.

49. Mandibular lateral incisor
 Single root
 Longer root than
central incisor
 Distal curvature
apically.
 Distal longitudinal
groove.

52. Maxillary deciduous canine

53. Maxillary canine
 UNS--------------------C (rt) , H(lt)
 FDI--------------------- 53, 63
 Eruption time------- 19 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 4
 Shedding------------ 10-12 years

54. Maxillary canine
 MD width > crown
height(Incisocervical
measurement)
 Labial or lingual views: diamond
in shape
 Rounder mesial and distal
outlines.
 M & D outlines overhang the
cervical line.
 M& D contact areas located at the
same level incisocervically.
 Mesial cusp slope longer than
distal cusp slope.
 No labial ridge or depressions
 No imbrication lines.

55. Maxillary canine
 Well developed
cingulum.
 Prominent marginal
ridges.
 ML and DL fossae are
present
 Tubercle often present
on the cingulum
extending from the
cusp tip to cingulum.

56. Maxillary canine
 Mesial aspect
Triangular in shape
 Labial margin convex
incisocervically
 Lingual margin
concave in incisal half
and convex in cervical
half
 Labiolingually tooth is
thicker
 Cervical line depth
less

57. Maxillary canine
Distal Aspect
 Similar to mesial
except that cervical
line shows less
curvature.
Incisal aspect
 Rhomboidal outline
 Exhibits more
rounding incisal than
the permanent canine.
 Cusp tip offset to
distal.
 Mesial cusp ridge
therefore longer.

58. Maxillary canine
 ROOT
 Single root
 Root approx twice
the length of
crown
 Wider
labiolingually than
mesiodistally.

59. MANDIBULAR CANINE

60. Mandibular canine
 UNS-------------------- R ,M
 FDI--------------------- 83, 73
 Eruption time------- 16 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 4
 Shedding------------ 9-12 years

61. Mandibular canine
 Smaller and slimmer overall than the
maxillary deciduous canine.
 MD width of mandibular primary
canine< MD width of maxillary pri
canine.
 Incisocervical ht> MD Width.

62. Mandibular canine
 Distoincisal slope
longer than
mesioincisal
slope(reverse of
max.dec canine)

63. Mandibular canine
 LL diameter < that
of deciduous max.
canine( much
narrower tooth
labiolingually)
 Less pronounced
cingulum, MR &
cervical ridges.
 Shallower fossae
than max canine.

64. Mandibular canine
 Single but shorter root.

71. TRAITS OF ALL PRIMARY POSTERIOR
TOOTH CROWNS
 The prominent mesial cervical ridge or
bulge on the buccal surface
 narrow occlusal table:Due to the taper
of the crown from the cervical bulges
toward the occlusal surface
 molar crowns are wide mesiodistally
relative to their height cervico-occlusally

72. Traits tooth crowns molar
 The primary molar occlusal anatomy is
shallow;
 the cusps are short (not pointed sharp,
almost flat), occlusal ridges not
pronounced, and fossae and sulci are
correspondingly not as deep as on
secondary molars.

73. Traits tooth crowns molar
 There are few grooves or depressions in the
crowns.
6. In the primary dentition, primary second molars
are decidedly larger than primary first molars. This
is different in the permanent dentition where first
molars are larger than seconds

74. ROOT TRAITS OF PRIMARY
POSTERIOR TEETH
 1. The root furcations are near the crown, with little or no
root trunk
2.thin and slender roots
 This root divergence makes room for the developing
succedaneous premolars.
 3. The roots of primary molars are similar to those
of permanent molars in relative size (before
resorption)and number.
 Primary maxillary molars have three roots: the
palatal (longest), mesiobuccal, and distobuccal
(shortest). Primary mandibular molars
 have two roots: the mesial (largest) and distal.

76. Maxillary deciduous molars

77. Maxillary 1st
molar
 UNS----------------- B(Right) , I (LEFT)
 FDI--------------------- 54, 64
 Eruption time------- 14 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 3
 Shedding------------ 9-11 years

80. Maxillary 1st
molar
 Most atypical of all primary or permanent molars
 Crown doesnot resemble any other primary or
permanent molar crown.
 Exhibit some similarities to the crowns of permanent
premolars

82. Maxillary 1st
molar
BUCCAL ASPECT
 MD diameter greater
than crown height
 Mesial and distal
outlines are convex
,constricted towards
cervix.
 Comparatively straight
occlusal outlinetwo
buccal cusps not
sharp or prominent.

83. Maxillary 1st
molar
Essential difference from
permanent tooth
 Depth of curvature is much
greater towards the mesial
than distal.
 Buccal surface smooth and
lacks grooves or depressions.
 MOLAR TUBERCLE OF
ZUCKERKANDL; pronounced
bulge on mesial surface of
buccal surface.
 Flat surface occlusally

84. Maxillary 1st
molar
LINGUAL ASPECT
 Lingual surface
shorter mesiodistally
than buccal surface.
 ML cusp quite bulky
and dominates the
occlusal outline
 DL cusp is so
diminitive that DB
CUSP is also partially
visible from this
aspect.

85. Maxillary 1st
molar
LINGUAL ASPECT
 Cervical line is
evenly and slightly
curved towards
cervix.
 Convex & smooth
surface ,lacking
grooves or
depressions.

86. Maxillary 1st
molar
 MESIAL ASPECT
 Disparity b/w the
buccolingual widths at its
cervical and occlusal
margins much more than
in max.first permanent
molars.
 Wider dimension cervically
due to prominent cervical
ridge on buccal and
greater taper of buccal and
lingual outlines towards
occlusal.

87. Maxillary 1st
molar
Mesial Aspect
 Buccal outline dominated by
cervical ridge and crest of
curvature is in cervical
third.Remainder of buccal
outline straight.
 Lingual outline convex.More
cervically located crest of
curvature than in permanent
molars
 Occlusal outline MB+ ML
cusps and mesial marginal
ridge make up the occlusal
outline.
 ML cusp more generous in
height than MB cusp.

88. Maxillary 1st
molar
MESIAL ASPECT
 Cervical line
slightly curved
towards occlusal.

89. Maxillary 1st
molar
Distal Aspect
 Considerably smaller than the mesial
surface.
 Tapering of buccal surface towards the
distal
therefore much of the buccal surface visible
from distal aspect.
 DB cusp more prominent than minute DL
cusp.
 Distal marginal ridge less pronounced than
mesial marginal ridge.
 Cervical line is straight to slightly curved
occlusally.

90. Maxillary 1st
molar
OCCLUSAL ASPECT
 UNUSUAL FIVE SIDED FIGURE
 Cusps: 4 cusps 1) MB cusp
2) DB cusp
3) ML cusp
4) DL cusp

91. Maxillary 1st
molar
Mesiolingual cusp
 Largest cusp and
longest.
Mesiobuccal cusp
 MB cusp greater
than distobuccal.
Distobuccal cusp
Distolingual cusp
 Smallest cusp.

92. Maxillary 1st
molar
Transverse ridge:
prominent T-ridge
 Formed by lingual
cusp ridge of MB
cusp and buccal
cusp ridge of ML
cusp.
Oblique Ridge
Extends from ML
cusp to DB cusp.

93. Maxillary 1st
molar
Fossae: 3 fossae
1) CENTRAL FOSSA
2)MESIAL
TRIANGULAR
FOSSA
3) DISTAL
TRIANGULAR
FOSSA

94. Maxillary 1st
molar
ROOTS
 no root trunk.
 Root trunk: defined as that
portion of root situated b/w
cervical line and the point of
furcation.
 Three roots: 1) MB root
2) DB ROOT
3) Palatal
 Slender and flared roots
 Largest +longest palatal root.

98. Maxillary 2nd
molar
 UNS-------------------- A,J
 FDI--------------------- 55, 65
 Eruption time------- 24 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 5
 Shedding------------ 10-12 years

100. Maxillary 2nd
molar
 Primary maxillary
second molar larger
than primary maxillary
first molar
 Closely resembles the
permanent maxillary first
molar in form but is
smaller in all
dimensions.
 Usually has a Cusp of
Carabelli ,as its
permanent counterpart.

102. Mandibular 1st
molar
 UNS-------------------- L &S
 FDI--------------------- 84, 74
 Eruption time------- 12 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 3
 Shedding------------ 9-11 years

103. Mandibular 1st
molar
 crown unlike any tooth of
either dentition.(unique
crown shape)
 Prominent buccal cervical
ridge on mesial half of
buccal surface.
 The HOC on the buccal is at
cervical one third
 The HOC on the lingual is in
the middle one third.

104. Mandibular first molar
 Crown wider
mesiodistally than
buccolingually

105. Mandibular primary first
molar
 Buccal aspect:
mesial outline
straight
occlusogingivally
 Distal outline more
convex & overhangs
the cervical line
 Two buccal cusps in
occlusal outline MB
AND DB CUSP.MB
CUSP LARGER.

106. BUCCAL ASPECT
 CUSP OUTLINES
MORE
PROMINENT THAN
PRIMARY MAX
FIRST MOLAR
 DEPRESSION
SEPARATING TWO
BUCCAL CUSPS

107. BUCCAL ASPECT
 CERVICAL LINE
DEEPER OFFSET
TOWARS MESIAL
 PROMINENT
CERVICAL RIDGE
ON MESIAL
PORTION

108. LINGUAL ASPECT
 LINGUAL
SURFACE
SHORTER
OCCLUSOCERVIC
ALLY THAN
BUCCAL
 SMOOTHER AND
CONVEX
 LACKS ANY
DEPRESSION AND
RIDGES

109. LINGUAL ASPECT
 STRAIGHTER
CERVICAL LINE
 TWO LINGUAL
CUSPS ON
OCCLUSAL
OUTLINE
 ML CUSP LARGER
AND SHARPER
 PORTIONS OF
TWO BUCCAL
CUSPS SEEN

110. MESIAL ASPECT
 CERVICAL RIDGE
representing crest of curvature in
cervical third of buccal outline
 BOTH MB &ML cusps visible
 CONTACT AREA: at the
junction of occlusal & middle
third
 CERVICAL LINE: Located
farther cervically on buccal
and extends to more occlusal
at lingual

111. Distal aspect
 All the four cusps
seen
 MB Cusp the
longest

112. Mandibular 1st
molar
 CUSPS: 4 cusps:1)MB
2) ML
3) DB
4) DL
 The two mesial cusps
are considerably larger
than distal cusps.

113. OCCLUSAL ASPECT
 occlusal outline is
somewhat oval or
rectangular
 wider mesiodistally
than faciolingually
 occlusal table is
wider mesiodistally
than faciolingually

114. OCCLUSAL ASPECT
 4 CUSPS
 MB LARGEST
FOLLOWED BY
ML,DB,DL (smallest)
 The two mesial
cusps larger than
distal cusps

115. Mandibular 1st
molar
 A transverse ridge
passes b/w the
mesiobuccal and
mesiolingual
cusps.

116. OCCLUSAL TABLE
 Fossae : 3
 Central ,mesial and
distal triangular
fossae
 Two pits: central and
mesial pit
 Distal pit absent
 Central pit :deepest
pit and is the central
grooves distal
termination

117. Occlusal table
 GROOVES
 Central:connects mesial
and central pits
 Buccal: originates in
central pit extend
buccaly to fade out on
occlusal surface b/w two
buccal cusps
 Lingual:separated the
two lingual cusps and
fade out on occlusal
surface

118. Mandibular 1st
molar
Roots
 2 roots i.e mesial and
distal .
 Mesial wider than
distal root.
 FLAT apex of root
mesial root
 Shorter distal root
having rounded apex

119. HOW TO TELL RIGHT FROM
LEFT PRIMARY TEETH
 Crown longer on
mesial than distal
(facial)
 Occlusal table has
small mesial
triangular fossa;
large distal fossa
 Mesial cervical
crown bulge
 Distal marginal ridge
more cervical than
mesial

120. HOW TO TELL RIGHT
FROM LEFT PRIMARY
TEETH Mesial root (if intact)
longer and wider
(faciolingually

122. Mandibular 2nd
molar
 UNS-------------------- K&T
 FDI--------------------- 85, 75
 Eruption time------- 20 MONTHS
 Order----------------- 5
 Shedding------------ 10-12 years

123. Mandibular 2nd
molar
 Larger than the primary
mandibular first molar.
 closely resembles the
permanent mandibular first
molar, disregarding size and
general differences.
 5 cusps similar to permanent
mand first molar.

124. Mandibular 2nd
molar
 Major differences are: The 3
buccal cusps (MB,DB&
distal) are nearly equal in
size.
 Occlusal table relatively
narrower buccolingually
and less pentagonal than
that of the first permanent
molar.
 The mesial root is longer
and wider than the distal
root whereas they are of
equal length in permanent
first molar.

127. ANY QUESTIONS???