3. What is Poverty
Poverty is the world at its
worst when people are deprived
of basic everyday things that
we take for granted like food,
water shelter, money, and
clothes
4. What does poverty mean
•Poverty is hunger.
•Poverty is lack of shelter.
•Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a
doctor.
•Poverty is not having access to school and not
knowing how to read.
5. What does poverty mean
•Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future,
living one day at a time.
•Poverty is losing a child to illness brought about
by unclean water.
•Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation
and freedom.
6.
7.
8. Causes of poverty
Lack of education
Natural disasters
Lack of money
No opportunities provided
Over population
Poverty is also caused by DRUGS & ALCOHOL as some people
spend all their money on addictions like this.
19. Effects of
poverty• High Mortality Rates.
•Increased health risks and perpetuation of epidemics such
as HIV/AIDS and Malaria.
• Hampers children’s ability to grow & develop properly and
contributes to a cycle of poverty.
• Inhibits education and social advancement
•Increased armed conflict
20. Measures of poverty
i)Employment opportunities
ii)Establishment of Small Scale Industries
iii)Education
iv)Reduce Inflation
v)Check Population growth
vi)Proper Utilization of Resources
vii)Uplift of Agriculture
23. RELATIVE POVERTY
•Under Relative poverty the economic conditions of
different regions or countries is compared. The per capita
income and the national income are the two indicators of
relative poverty.
• According to the UNO those countries are treated poor
whose per capita income is less than US $725 per annum.
24.
25. ABSOLUTE POVERTY
•Absolute poverty refers to the measure of poverty ,
keeping in view the per capita intake of calories and
minimum level of consumption.
• Per capita income : National income Population
28. Expenditure Method
• Under this the minimum food requirements for survival is
estimated.
• The food value is converted into calories.
• The caloric value of food is then converted into the money
value i.e. in rupees.
• The total equivalent amount is considered as the poverty
line.
29.
30. INCOME METHOD
•This method is used by the government while distributing
food through PDS at the local level.
• Under this a poverty line is fixed by the government.
•All the families whose total income is less than the
poverty line fixed by the government are considered as
BPL.
31.
32. Poverty line
The poverty line, which is also sometimes called the poverty threshold,
is the smallest amount of money a person or a family needs to live on; to
buy what is needed. It is the imaginary line drawn by the experts which
has a particular amount if anybody earn income which is lower than this
amount is known as poor and other who earn more than this amount is
known as non-poor. People who are below this line are classified as poor.
This line is used to decide who can get extra help with things
like food, shelter or medical care. There is a poverty line based on the
income and another based on consumption levels.
The poverty line is not the same in all countries. It can be decided by
the economy.
33.
34.
35. Poverty gap index
• The poverty gap index is a measure of the intensity
of poverty. It is defined as the average poverty gap in the
population as a proportion of the poverty line.
• The poverty gap index is an improvement over the poverty
measure headcount ratio which simply counts all the people
below a poverty line, in a given population, and considers
them equally poor.
• Poverty gap index estimates the depth of poverty by
considering how far, on the average, the poor are from that
poverty line.
36. Comparison of poverty gap index
Country
Poverty line
($/month)
Headcount
ratio
(%)
Poverty
gap
index
(%)
Year
Bangladesh 38 43.25 11.17 2010
Bhutan 38 10.22 1.81 2007
India 38 32.7 7.5 2010
Maldives 38 1.48 0.14 2008
Nepal 38 24.8 5.6 2010
Pakistan 38 21 3.5 2008
Sri Lanka 38 7 1 2007
China 38 16.25 4.03 2005
United States 1232 17.1 6.55 2010
37.
38. Facts
•1.4 BILLION people in developing countries live on
$1.25 or less
•3 out of every 4 people live on less than $1.25 a day
•22,000 children die every day due to poverty
•8 MILLION people die from lack of food and
nutrition – about 24,000 deaths each day
39. Facts
•60% of world’s hungry are women
•Lack of proper maternal care results in 300,000
maternal deaths annually
•1 out of 6 infants are born with a low birth rate in
developing countries
•Malnutrition causes 1/3 of all child deaths resulting
in 2.6MILLION deaths per year
40. Facts
• Every 3 second a child dies of hunger related diseases
• 98% of the world’s under nourished people live in developing
countries.
• 2/3 of the worlds hungry people live in just 7 countries:
BANGLADESH, CHINA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO,
ETHIOPIA, INDIA,INDONESIA and PAKISTAN.
• 35MILLION people are living with HIV/AIDS out of which 65% are
women.
• More than 11MILLION children die from preventable health issues
such as malaria, Diarrhoea and pneumonia.
41. Mr. Ram is a farmer who his product on seasonal
basis, after sowing season and harvesting season
his soil becomes degraded under uncertain
climatic conditions because of which he remains
unemployed most of the time during the year. As
per the survey if a person earns $1 or more than
that in a day, he is considered to be above
poverty line.
CASE STUDY QUESTION
42. Now answer the following
questions:
What is poverty ?
Question 1 :
43. Answer 1 :
Poverty is the world at its worst
when people are deprived of
basic everyday things that we
take for granted like food,
water shelter, money, and
clothes
44. Question 2 :
According to you is Ram
above poverty line or
below poverty line .
Explain .
45. Answer 2 :
Ram is below poverty line . As per the information
given in the case he is unemployed most of the time
during the year. It clearly states that he is either
earning less than a dollar or no dollar.
Moreover, he can’t cultivate anything on the landas
his soil becomes ungraded under uncertain climatic
conditions.
47. Answer 3 :
•Government aid : - good manures and fertilizers, HYV seeds
•Foundation of agriculture ( soil ) can be improved.
•Government can provide him seasonal employment
opportunities.
•Government can introduce him to advance workshop which
can improve his techniques of working and can also
introduce to advance or new innovated technology.
48. Made by : Jai Hans
Class : 11 - E
Admission No. : 3077
