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PROTECT AF Trial: Randomized Prospective Trial of Percutaneous LAA Closure vs Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in AF ACC & i2 Summit 2009 David Holmes, MD Vivek Reddy, MD Zoltan Turi, MD Shephal Doshi, MD Horst Sievert, MD Christopher M. Mullin, MS Peter Sick, MD Relevant Financial Relationship(s) Mayo receives research support from Atritech  and may receive royalties
PROTECT AF Trial ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Prospective, Multicenter Randomized Trial  of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion vs Long-term Warfarin Therapy in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Facts about Atrial Fibrillation (AF) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Prevention Medical Rx 3000838-10 Cooper:  Arch Int Med 166, 2006 Lip:  Thromb Res 118, 2006 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Challenges in Treating AF ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Watchman LAA Closure Technology The WATCHMAN LAA Closure Technology is designed to prevent embolization of thrombi that may form in the LAA.  The WATCHMAN ®  Left Atrial Appendage Closure Technology is intended as an alternative to warfarin therapy for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
WATCHMAN LAA Closure Device in situ 3000838-18
PROTECT AF Clinical Trial Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Patient Study Timeline Device subject takes warfarin Preimplant interval Day 0 Control subject takes warfarin Device subject gets implant Device subject has ceased warfarin Ongoing to 5 years Randomize Day 0 Day 45 postimplant Day 2-14 Ongoing to 5 years Device Control 3000838-60
Warfarin Discontinuation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],87% of implanted subjects were able to cease warfarin at 45 days and the rate further increased at later time points  Visit Watchman N/Total (%) 45 day 349/401 (87.0) 6 month 347/375 (92.5) 12 month 261/280 (93.2) 24 month 95/101 (94.1)
PROTECT AF Trial Endpoints ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PROTECT AF Statistical Overview 3000838-45
Key Participation Criteria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Patient Demographics Baseline Demographics Characteristic WATCHMAN N= 463 Control N= 244 P-value Age (years) 71.7 ± 8.8 463 (46.0, 95.0) 72.7 ± 9.2 244 (41.0, 95.0) 0.1800 Height (inches) 68.2 ± 4.2 462 (54.0, 82.0) 68.4 ± 4.2 244 (59.0, 78.0) 0.6067 Weight (lbs) 195.3 ± 44.4 463 (85.0, 376.0) 194.6 ± 43.1 244 (105.0, 312.0) 0.8339 Gender  Female Male 137/463 (29.6) 326/463 (70.4) 73/244 (29.9) 171/244 (70.1) 0.9276
Patient Demographics Baseline Risk Factors WATCHMAN N= 463 Control N= 244 P-value CHADS2  Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 158/463 (34.1) 157/463 (33.9) 88/463 (19.0) 37/463 (8.0) 19/463 (4.1) 4/463 (0.9)  66/244 (27.0) 88/244 (36.1) 51/244 (20.9) 24/244 (9.8) 10/244 (4.1) 5/244 (2.0) 0.3662 AF Pattern Paroxysmal Persistent Permanent Unknown 200/463 (43.2) 97/463 (21.0) 160/463 (34.6) 6/463 (1.3)  99/244 (40.6) 50/244 (20.5) 93/244 (38.1) 2/244 (0.8)  0.7623 LVEF % 57.3 ± 9.7 460 (30.0, 82.0) 56.7 ± 10.1 239 (30.0, 86.0) 0.4246
Intent-to-Treat Primary Safety Results Events Total Rate Events Total Rate Rel. Risk Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) 900 pt-yr 48 554.2 8.7 13 312.0 4.2 2.08 (6.4, 11.3) (2.2, 6.7) (1.18, 4.13) 3001664-1 Event-free  probability Days Device Control 244 143 51 11 463 261 87 19 WATCHMAN Control Randomization allocation (2 device : 1 control)
Intent-to-Treat Primary Efficacy Results 3001664-2 Event-free  probability Days Events Total Rate Events Total Rate Rel. Risk Non- Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) inferiority Superiority 900 pt-yr 20 582.3 3.4 16 318.0 5.0 0.68 0.998 0.837 (2.1, 5.2) (2.8, 7.6) (0.37, 1.41) Device Control Posterior Probabilities Randomization allocation (2 device : 1 control) ITT Cohort:   Non-inferiority criteria met 244 147 52 12 463 270 92 22 WATCHMAN Control
PROTECT AF Trial What are the Analysis Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Potential Safety Endpoints Device ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intent-to-Treat Primary Safety Results 3000838-61 Events Total Rate Events Total Rate RR Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) 600 pt-yr 45 386.4 11.6 9 220.4 4.1 2.85 (8.5, 15.3) (1.9, 7.2) (1.48, 6.43) 900 pt-yr 48 554.2 8.7 13 312.0 4.2 2.08 (6.4, 11.3) (2.2, 6.7) (1.18, 4.13) Device Control ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pericardial Effusions by Experience ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No. % No. % Early patients (1-3) 13/154 8.4 10/154 6.5 Late patients (  4) 27/388 7.0 17/388 4.4 Total 40/542 7.2 27/542 5.0 Site implant group Any Serious 3000838-70 ,[object Object],No. % No. % 1/88 1.1 1/88 1.1 Any Serious
Safety Events  Stroke ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3000838-65
Intent-to-Treat All Stroke ITT cohort: Non-inferiority criteria met Event-free probability Days 244 147 52 12 463 270 92 22 WATCHMAN Control 3000838-101 900 patient-year analysis Events Total Rate Events Total Rate RR Non- Superiority Cohort eve pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) inferiority 600 14 409.3 3.4 8 223.6 3.6 0.96 0.927 0.488 pt-yr (1.9, 5.5) (1.5, 6.3) (0.43, 2.57) 900 15 582.9 2.6 11 318.1 3.5 0.74 0.998 0.731 pt-yr (1.5, 4.1) (1.7, 5.7) (0.36, 1.76) Device Control Posterior probabilities Randomization allocation (2 device:1 control)
Intent-to-Treat Hemorrhagic Stroke ITT cohort: Superiority criteria met Event-free probability Days 244 147 53 12 463 275 95 23 WATCHMAN Control 3000838-103 900 patient-year analysis Events Total Rate Events Total Rate RR Non- Superiority Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) inferiority 600 1 416.7 0.2 4 224.7 1.8 0.13 0.998 0.986 pt-yr (0.0, 0.9) (0.5, 3.9) (0.00, 0.80) 900 1 593.6 0.2 6 319.4 1.9 0.09 >0.999 0.998 pt-yr (0.0, 0.6) (0.7, 3.7) (0.00, 0.45) Device Control Posterior probabilities Randomization allocation (2 device:1 control)
Risk/Benefit Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3000838-120
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3000838-123
Conclusion ,[object Object],3000838-124

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Protect Af Holmes2

  • 1. PROTECT AF Trial: Randomized Prospective Trial of Percutaneous LAA Closure vs Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in AF ACC & i2 Summit 2009 David Holmes, MD Vivek Reddy, MD Zoltan Turi, MD Shephal Doshi, MD Horst Sievert, MD Christopher M. Mullin, MS Peter Sick, MD Relevant Financial Relationship(s) Mayo receives research support from Atritech and may receive royalties
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Watchman LAA Closure Technology The WATCHMAN LAA Closure Technology is designed to prevent embolization of thrombi that may form in the LAA. The WATCHMAN ® Left Atrial Appendage Closure Technology is intended as an alternative to warfarin therapy for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
  • 7. WATCHMAN LAA Closure Device in situ 3000838-18
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  • 9. Patient Study Timeline Device subject takes warfarin Preimplant interval Day 0 Control subject takes warfarin Device subject gets implant Device subject has ceased warfarin Ongoing to 5 years Randomize Day 0 Day 45 postimplant Day 2-14 Ongoing to 5 years Device Control 3000838-60
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  • 14. Patient Demographics Baseline Demographics Characteristic WATCHMAN N= 463 Control N= 244 P-value Age (years) 71.7 ± 8.8 463 (46.0, 95.0) 72.7 ± 9.2 244 (41.0, 95.0) 0.1800 Height (inches) 68.2 ± 4.2 462 (54.0, 82.0) 68.4 ± 4.2 244 (59.0, 78.0) 0.6067 Weight (lbs) 195.3 ± 44.4 463 (85.0, 376.0) 194.6 ± 43.1 244 (105.0, 312.0) 0.8339 Gender Female Male 137/463 (29.6) 326/463 (70.4) 73/244 (29.9) 171/244 (70.1) 0.9276
  • 15. Patient Demographics Baseline Risk Factors WATCHMAN N= 463 Control N= 244 P-value CHADS2 Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 158/463 (34.1) 157/463 (33.9) 88/463 (19.0) 37/463 (8.0) 19/463 (4.1) 4/463 (0.9) 66/244 (27.0) 88/244 (36.1) 51/244 (20.9) 24/244 (9.8) 10/244 (4.1) 5/244 (2.0) 0.3662 AF Pattern Paroxysmal Persistent Permanent Unknown 200/463 (43.2) 97/463 (21.0) 160/463 (34.6) 6/463 (1.3) 99/244 (40.6) 50/244 (20.5) 93/244 (38.1) 2/244 (0.8) 0.7623 LVEF % 57.3 ± 9.7 460 (30.0, 82.0) 56.7 ± 10.1 239 (30.0, 86.0) 0.4246
  • 16. Intent-to-Treat Primary Safety Results Events Total Rate Events Total Rate Rel. Risk Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) 900 pt-yr 48 554.2 8.7 13 312.0 4.2 2.08 (6.4, 11.3) (2.2, 6.7) (1.18, 4.13) 3001664-1 Event-free probability Days Device Control 244 143 51 11 463 261 87 19 WATCHMAN Control Randomization allocation (2 device : 1 control)
  • 17. Intent-to-Treat Primary Efficacy Results 3001664-2 Event-free probability Days Events Total Rate Events Total Rate Rel. Risk Non- Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) inferiority Superiority 900 pt-yr 20 582.3 3.4 16 318.0 5.0 0.68 0.998 0.837 (2.1, 5.2) (2.8, 7.6) (0.37, 1.41) Device Control Posterior Probabilities Randomization allocation (2 device : 1 control) ITT Cohort: Non-inferiority criteria met 244 147 52 12 463 270 92 22 WATCHMAN Control
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  • 23. Intent-to-Treat All Stroke ITT cohort: Non-inferiority criteria met Event-free probability Days 244 147 52 12 463 270 92 22 WATCHMAN Control 3000838-101 900 patient-year analysis Events Total Rate Events Total Rate RR Non- Superiority Cohort eve pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) inferiority 600 14 409.3 3.4 8 223.6 3.6 0.96 0.927 0.488 pt-yr (1.9, 5.5) (1.5, 6.3) (0.43, 2.57) 900 15 582.9 2.6 11 318.1 3.5 0.74 0.998 0.731 pt-yr (1.5, 4.1) (1.7, 5.7) (0.36, 1.76) Device Control Posterior probabilities Randomization allocation (2 device:1 control)
  • 24. Intent-to-Treat Hemorrhagic Stroke ITT cohort: Superiority criteria met Event-free probability Days 244 147 53 12 463 275 95 23 WATCHMAN Control 3000838-103 900 patient-year analysis Events Total Rate Events Total Rate RR Non- Superiority Cohort (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (no.) pt-yr (95% CI) (95% CI) inferiority 600 1 416.7 0.2 4 224.7 1.8 0.13 0.998 0.986 pt-yr (0.0, 0.9) (0.5, 3.9) (0.00, 0.80) 900 1 593.6 0.2 6 319.4 1.9 0.09 >0.999 0.998 pt-yr (0.0, 0.6) (0.7, 3.7) (0.00, 0.45) Device Control Posterior probabilities Randomization allocation (2 device:1 control)
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  • 27.