1. Governing
Hybrid
Open
Source
Community
Stephanie
Freeman,
PhD
Post
doc
Researcher,
INUSE
(h:p://inuse.fi)
Department
of
Management
and
InternaDonal
Business
Aalto
University
stephanie.freeman@aalto.fi

2. Freeman,
S.
2011.
Construc6ng
a
Community:
Myths
and
Reali6es
of
the
Open
Development
Model
• How
is
the
structure
and
membership
constella;on
of
the
community,
specifically
the
rela;on
between
developers
and
users
linguis;cally
constructed
in
hybrid
open
development?
• What
characterizes
Internet-­‐mediated
Mailing
list
discussion,
personal
interviews,
“virtual”
communi;es
and
how
can
web
page
wri;ngs,
email
exchanges,
field
they
be
defined?
How
do
they
differ
notes
and
other
historical
documents
from
hierarchical
forms
of
knowledge
produc;on
on
one
hand
and
from
Four
case
studies
inside
one:
tradi;onal
volunteer
communi;es
on
the
other?
OpenOffice.org
Groupware
project
OpenOffice.org
Lingucomponent
project
Four
Finnish
public
sector
user
organiza;ons
The
OpenOffice.org
website

3. Theore;cal
sensi;zing
concepts
• Collabora6ve
community
(Adler,
2006;
2007;
2007;
see
also
Adler
&
Hecksher,
2008;
Adler,
Kwon
&
Hecksher,
2008):
• Communi6es
of
prac6ce
(Lave
&
Wenger,
1991;
Holland
&
Lave,
2009;
Wenger,
1998)
• Community
as
objet-­‐oriented
ac6vity
(Engeström,
1987)
• Imagined
community
(Anderson,
1983;
cf.
Cohen,
1985;
Delanty,
2010;
Maffesoli,
1996)

4. Intermediary
concepts
used
for
developing
a
discursive-­‐rhetorical
approach
1. Cultural
and
discursive
psychology
(e.g.
Billig
Condor,
Edwards,
Gane,
Middleton
&
Radley
1988;
Harré,
1998;
Mulhauser
&
Harré,
1990;
Shofer,
1993),
2.
cri;cal
discourse
analysis
(e.g.
Fairclough,
1992;
see
also
van
Dijk,
1993)
3.
social
psychology,
specifically
the
work
by
Henri
Tajfel
(1981;
1982)
on
social
categories
(cf.
Sacks,
1992),
and
4. poli;cal
science,
specifically
the
work
by
Quen;n
Skinner
(2006)
on
changing
poli;cal
rhetoric.

5. ConcIusions
I
From
hacker
ethic
and
bazaar
governance
to
more
professionally
and
strategically
regulated
community
• Empirical
chapter
1.
Open
code
and
open
dialogue
cons;tu;ve
to
the
success
of
volunteer-­‐
firm-­‐collabora;on
-­‐>
also
“openness”
has
boundaries
• Empirical
chapter
2.
Volunteers’
changing
paferns
of
mo;va;ons
:
“independent
entrepreneurs”
with
mobile
membership
in
search
of
collabora;ve
community
–
dis;nc;on
between
work
and
hobby
blurred
and
changing
-­‐>
the
concept
of
“volunteer”
ques;onable
• Empirical
chapter
3.
User
freedom
or
user
control?
IT
staff
as
the
“obligatory
passage
point”
in
the
dissemina;on
of
open
source
to
end-­‐user
organiza;ons
-­‐>
also
open
source
can
be
used
for
control
purposes
• Empirical
chapter
4.
“Community”
-­‐
a
powerful
word
and
strategic
tool
for
orien;ng
towards
mul;ple
real
and
imagined
audiences
-­‐>
open
source
communi;es
are
managed
through
the
prac;ce
of
authoring

6. ConcIusions
II
New
developer
&
user
categories
in
OSS
-­‐
new
innova;on
intermediaries
From
user-­‐developers
and
the
core-­‐periphery
dis;nc;on
to
:
1)
idea-­‐genera;ng
users
2)
independent
plug-­‐in
and
extension
tool
providers
3)
typical
(end)
users
4)
ideological
researcher-­‐users
5)
media;ng
IT
staff
6)
media;ng
management
• open
development
not
collabora;ve
from
the
start!
• return
to
the
developer-­‐user
paradox…?
• Lead-­‐users?

7. Methodological
and
theore;cal
contribu;on
•
Discursive-­‐ac;on
community
as
a
specific
type
of
online
engagement
• Community
authorship
as
a
way
of
highligh;ng
power
rela;ons
in
communi;es
• Runaway
community
characteris;c
of
online
open
source
development