1) Over the last decade, the pattern of MDMA ingestion by humans has often involved repeated..
The predominant acute adverse event following MDMA ingestion is hyperthermia and this can lead to other associated clinical problems. In animal studies, Green reported,.. And Baumann similarly showed
No sig dif in the basal LMA before treatment. 3mg/kg MDMA did not sig alter LMA compared to control. 6mg/kg MDMA produced sig hyperactivity following each 3 injections compared with saline and 3mg/kg MDMA. Peak activity at 40min after 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd injections, remained elevated after the 3 rd injection
3mg/kg MDMA sig decreased Tc after each injections compared to saline. Temp returned back to normal 1h after the final injection. 6mg/kg MDMA sig decreased Tc after the 1 st injection. Tc progressively increased after the 2 nd injection and sustained hyperthermia following the 3 rd injection.
Basal 5-HT 0.73 fmol/ul, 0.84 fmol/ul, 0.48 fmol/ul. 6mg/kg MDMA produced a sig increase in 5-HT 40 and 60 min after the 1 st injection (485% and 555%). 3mg/kg MDMA produced a more transient increase in 5-HT with the peak being 134% at 40min after the 1 st injection. The 2 nd injection of 6mg/kg MDMA produced a maximal increase (389%). 3mg/kg MDMA produced a slightly larger increase in 5-HT (284%) 60min after the 2 nd injection. 3 rd injection, 3mg/kg and 6mg/kg MDMA produced an increase about 292% and 315% above baseline. The higher dose of MDMA produced a greater release of 5-HT than the lower dose after the 1 st injection while the magnitude of 5-HT release was similar after the 2 nd and 3 rd administration of both doses. An attenuation of 5-HT release at higher dose of MDMA might be due to inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase activity and depletion of 5-HT from synaptic vesicles. MDMA-induced 5-HT release has been associated with increase in LMA, but the current study found no apparent relastionship of 5-HT and LMA, since the 3 rd dose produced a marked increase in LMA but no simultaneous increase in 5-HT.
In the familiarisation trial, rats spent a comparable time exploring each of the two objects. In the choice trial, rats treated with saline or 3mg/kg MDMA spent significantly more time exploring the novel object than the familiar object. Rats treated with 6mg/kg MDMA failed to discriminate the novel from the familiar object, spending an equal time exploring both objects. Analysis of the discrimination ratio showed 6mg/kg MDMA rats has sig low ratio. Although 6mg/kg MDMA group spent an equivalent total time exploring both objects in the first trial, they spent sig less total time during the choice trial. In addition to being unable to differentiate the novel and familiar objects during the choice trial, they also spent less time attending both objects specifically during the 2 nd trial, suggesting that a change in motivation and attention span might contribute to the impairment in recognition memory.
1) Repeated injection of either doses of MDMA had no sig effect on the post-mortem 5-HT concentration in the hippocampus, striatum or frontal cortex.
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