1. TT Productivity in U.S. FY1991-2007 $480 B Research 216,426 Disclosures 58,599 Options/Licenses 6,279 (11%) were Start Ups 30,351 Still Active 13,000+ Generating Income 52% active 24% income 3,388 Still Operating Assessment 14% 45% (26% in ’91) (59% in ’07) $2.2M per disclosure ~100,000 New Patent Applications ~50% 54% active AUTM Licensing Surveys FY1991-2007