The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental.

1. TOP CITED ARTICLES IN 2019
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGING INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (IJMIT)
http://airccse.org/journal/ijmit/ijmit.html
ISSN: 0975-5586 (ONLINE); 0975-5926 (PRINT)

2. A NEW CONCEPT OF R&D IN NEO OPEN INNOVATION -
TRANSFORMATION OF R&D TRIGGERED BY AMAZON
Yuji Tou1
, Chihiro Watanabe 2, 3
, Kuniko Moriya 2, 4
, Victor Vurpillat5
, Pekka Neittaanmäki2
,
1
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
2
University of Jyväskylä, Finland,
3
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria,
4
Research and Statistics Department, Bank of Japan, Japan and
5
Global Connexus Inc., USA
ABSTRACT
Amazon was the world’s top R&D firm in 2017. Its R&D investment was double that of 2015, quintuple
that of 2012, and tenfold that of 2011. It deploys a unique R&D model as conducting “routine or periodic
alternations” and “significant improvement” simultaneously. Since traditionally the former is classified as
non-R&D, Amazon’s rapid and notable increase has raised the question of a new R&D definition in the
digital economy. By means of an empirical analysis of the Amazon’s R&D model, this paper attempted to
provide a convincing answer to this question. Amazon has invested considerable resources in extremely
innovative business areas, which has developed its assimilation capacity. In parallel with such forefront
innovation, Amazon is endeavoring to absorb soft innovation resources from external markets and
assimilate them into its business model. This then transforms “routine or periodic alternations” into
“significant improvement”, leading to the company becoming the world’s top R&D firm. Such an
endeavor has triggered a new concept of R&D in neo open innovation and revealed the significance of a
transformation of the R&D concept in the digital economy.
KEYWORDS
R&D, neo open innovation, Amazon, transformation, technology and content
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijmit/V11N1/11119ijmit02.pdf
Abstract URL: http://aircconline.com/abstract/ijmit/v11n1/11119ijmit02.html
Volume URL: http://airccse.org/journal/ijmit/vol11.html

3. REFERENCES
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Economy: Increasing Dependence on Uncaptured GDP. Technological Forecasting and Social Change
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5. AUTHORS
Yuji Tou graduated from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, and is currently specially appointed
associate professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Chihiro Watanabe graduated from the University of Tokyo, Japan, and is currently Professor Emeritus
at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, a research professor at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, and a
research scholar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).
Kuniko Moriya graduated from Aoyama Gakuin University, Japan, and is currently is currently Director
of the Bank of Japan.
Victor V. Vurpillat graduated from Calfornia State Polytechnic University, USA, and is currently
Chairman of the Board and Director of Research, Global Connexus Inc., USA
Pekka Neittaanmäki graduated from the University of Jyväskylä with a degree in Mathematics. He is
currently Professor of the Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.

6. A SOLUTION TO THE DILEMMA BETWEEN R&D EXPANSION AND
THE PRODUCTIVITY DECLINE: LESSONS FROM THE R&D MODELS
IN AMAZON AND FINLAND
Yuji Tou1
, Chihiro Watanabe 2,3
, Kuniko Moriya4,2
, Pekka Neittaanmäki2
,
1
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan,
2
University of Jyväskylä, Finland,
3
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria and
4
Research and Statistics Department, Bank of Japan, Japan
ABSTRACT
As a consequence of the two-faced nature of information and communication technology (ICT), a
majority of ICT leaders have been confronting the critical problem of a dilemma between R&D expansion
and productivity decline in the digital economy. However, Amazon has been able to accomplish a
skyrocketing increase in R&D and market capitalization. Finland has also accomplished balanced
advancement not only of welfare but also economic resurgence. This paper attempted to elucidate the
miracle of two ICT leaders. By means of a comparative empirical analysis of respective development
trajectories, the sources of their success were analyzed thereby the comparative advantage and
disadvantage of each respective trajectories supportive to find a practical solution to the critical problem
of a dilemma were identified. The sources of both successes can be attributed to harnessing the vigor of
soft innovation resources from the marketplace. However, contrary to Amazon’s complementary use,
Finland has depended on substitutionary use. While this approach contributes to easy resurgence, it casts
a shadow to the innovative growth in the future. An insightful suggestion regarding balanced sustainable
growth by cross learning was thus provided.
KEYWORDS
Digital economy, soft innovation resources, Amazon, Finland, dilemma between R&D and productivity
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijmit/V11N2/11219ijmit02.pdf
Abstract URL: http://aircconline.com/abstract/ijmit/v11n2/11219ijmit02.html
http://airccse.org/journal/ijmit/vol11.html

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