Agriculture, health and nutrition: conceptualizing the linkages
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John Hoddinott 2020 Conference on "Leveraging Agriculture for Improving Nutrition and Health" February 11, 2011
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Agriculture, health and nutrition: conceptualizing the linkages
- 1. AGRICULTURE, HEALTH AND NUTRITION Conceptualizing the Linkages John Hoddinott February 11, 2011
- 2. Settings PHYSICAL Climate, geography, infrastructure, diseases ECONOMIC Policies affecting the level, returns, and variability of returns on assets SOCIAL Trust, social cohesion, gender roles, norms of behavior GOVERNANCE How rules and policies are LEGAL set and implemented Rules and regulations affecting economic exchange and health 2
- 3. “Household” Resources ASSETS • Land • Equipment • Livestock TIME • Financial • Social HUMAN CAPITAL • Health HUMAN CAPITAL • Nutrition • Knowledge • Schooling 3
- 4. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING Agricultural Other Production Income NUTRITION HEALTH 4
- 5. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING HEALTH Health goods Agricultural Markets Food Production •Quantity Value Chain •Quality, diversity Other Income Other goods Saving 5
- 6. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING HEALTH Health goods Agricultural Markets Food Production •Quantity Value Chain •Quality Other Income Other goods Saving 6
- 7. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING HEALTH Health goods Agricultural Markets Food Production •Quantity Value Chain •Quality Other Income NUTRITION Other goods Saving 7
- 8. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING HEALTH Health goods Agricultural Markets Food Production •Quantity Value Chain •Quality Other Income NUTRITION Other goods Saving 8
- 9. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING HEALTH Health goods Agricultural Markets Food Production •Quantity Value Chain •Quality Other Income NUTRITION Other goods Saving 9
- 10. Agriculture, Health, and Nutrition ASSETS TIME KNOWLEDGE & SCHOOLING HEALTH Health goods Agricultural Markets Food Production •Quantity Value Chain •Quality Other Income NUTRITION Other goods Saving 10
- 11. Pathways through which changes in agriculture affect health and nutrition CHANGING 1. Households’ ability to 4. The amount and intensity of purchase goods that directly time allocated across affect health and nutrition agriculture, health and 2. The types of goods available nutrition to households through the 5. Assets that affect introduction of new crops or health and nutrition status through changes introduced 6. Intra-household during processing allocation rules 3. Exposure to pesticides, agriculture associated diseases and work-related accidents 11
- 12. Summary Agriculture matters to health and nutrition Health and nutrition matter to agriculture Links from agriculture to health and nutrition are often – but not always – beneficial The challenge for all stakeholders is to find ways to maximize these benefits while minimizing the risks 12