Expanding London's ULEZ 27.09.22.pdf

1. 1
MAYOR OF LONDON
Expanding London’s Ultra Low
Emission Zone
Taryn Ferguson
Principal Policy & ProgrammeOfficer
Greater LondonAuthority
Sept2022

2. 2
MAYOR OF LONDON
Tackling London’s toxic air is a Mayoral priority and we have
integrated policies to do this
“London will have the best air quality of any major world city by 2050, going
beyond the legal requirements to protect human health and minimise inequalities.”

3. 3
MAYOR OF LONDON
Importantly, the ULEZ sits in the context of our wider AQ
programme
Breathe London network
Mayor’s air quality alerts
Cleaner bus fleet Zero emission capable
taxis
Investment in walking
and cycling
Electric vehicle charging
infrastructure

4. 4
MAYOR OF LONDON
There have been progressive policies for low emission
zones in London
LEZ
• Low EmissionZone for large/heavy vehicles
• Introduced February 2008
• Euro 3/III forPM only
Toxicity
Charge
• First emissions charge for all vehicles
• Introduced October2017
• Euro 4/IV for all pollutants for most vehicles
ULEZ
• Tighter standards and operates 24 hours a day
• Introduced April2019
• Euro 4 for petrol, Euro 6/VI for diesel
LEZ
• Tighter standards for large/heavy vehicles
• Introduced March 2021
• Euro VI (except some vans and minibuses)
ULEZ
• Expanded zone: 18 times larger
• Live from 25 October2021
• No change to the standards

5. 5
MAYOR OF LONDON
This means in London there are now two emissions
charging zones – the ULEZ and the LEZ
Emission Standards:
• Euro 4 for petrol cars and vans
• Euro 6 for diesel cars, vans and minibuses (≤ 3.5t)
• Euro 3 for motorcycles
Hours of operation: 24hr/day, 7 days/week
Area: inner London (380km2)
Charge: £12.50/day
Fine:£160 (reduced to £80 if paid within 14 days)
Exemptions: London-licensed taxis; very limited
private vehicle exemptions and grace periods
Emission Standards:
• Euro VI for buses over 5T and HGVs/vans over 3.5T
• Euro 3 for PM for vans between 1.2T-3.5T and
minibuses under 5T
Hours of operation: 24hr/day, 7 days/week
Area: London-wide (1572km2)
Charge:
• £100/day if vehicles meet Euro IV or V (PM)
• £300/day if vehicles do not meet Euro IV
Fine:between £500-£2,000 depending on vehicle
Exemptions: limited exemptions for specialist vehicles
ULEZ LEZ

6. 6
MAYOR OF LONDON
The ULEZ and its expansion were designed to achieve the
greatest air quality benefits in the shortest time possible
Area
• Where is the problem the worst?
• Cost of implementation
• Easy to understand boundary
Charging level
• Balance air quality benefits with cost to drivers
• Incentivise behaviour change rather than raise
revenue
Exemptions
• Maximise air quality benefits without unduly
burdening vulnerable groups (e.g. people with
disabilities)
• Some vehicles much harder to replace/retrofit
(e.g. specialist vehicles)
London Atmospheric Emission Inventory 2016 (2019)

7. 7
MAYOR OF LONDON
The expanded scheme posed additional challenges due to
its scale
•Around 750 new cameras and 1,300 signs needed to be installed as well as
upgrading around 200 existing cameras.
•New computer systems needed to be built and staff recruited to run the scheme.
•How to develop and run scrappage schemes.
Practical challenges:
•Around 3.8 million households within the expanded zone.
•New boundary needs to be communicated.
•Securing public acceptance.
Communications challenges:
•The expanded zone is too big.
•The expanded zone is too small.
•“Unfair” impacts on specific groups.
•Impacts of the pandemic.
Political challenges:

8. 8
MAYOR OF LONDON
A strong case for action, stakeholder engagement and
mitigating policies have been key to success
Extensive multi-
channel marketing
campaign
Research and
opinion polling to
inform messaging
Supportive &
influential partner
organisations
Electric vehicle
infrastructure
investment
Strong case for
action
Scrappage
schemes
Proactive
stakeholder
engagement plan
Transport
alternatives (public
transport & active
travel)

9. 9
MAYOR OF LONDON
To help Londoners prepare, the Mayor provided £61m in
funding for certain groups to scrap their vehicles
Target vehicles Eligibility Grant Value Vehicles
Scrapped
Cars and motorcycles Londoners receiving
certain means tested or
disability benefits
£1,000 for motorcycles
£2,000 for cars
9,700
Vans and minibuses Sole traders and small
businesses with up to 50
employees and charities.
£7,000 to scrap and replace
with an ICE van
OR
£9,500 to scrap and replace
with an electric van
5,200
Heavy vehicles (HGVs,
large vans, specialist
vehicles over 3.5 tonnes,
buses or coaches over 5
tonnes)
Sole traders and small
businesses with up to 50
employees and charities.
£15,000 120
(+ 11 retrofitted)

10. 10
MAYOR OF LONDON
A bigger share of vehicles in London are now cleaner, with a clear
boost in October 2021
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
All ULEZ vehicles Cars (incl. PHV,
excl. taxi)
Vans (≤3.5 tonnes) Motorcycles
ULEZ compliance rates over time
Feb-17 Oct-21 May-22

11. 11
MAYOR OF LONDON
There has also been an overall reduction in vehicles,
particularly diesel cars, in the zone
67,000
fewer non-compliant
vehicles seen in the
zone on an average day
(-54%)
21,000
fewer unique vehicles
seen in the zone on an
average day
(-2.2%)
44,000
fewer diesel cars seen in
the zone on an average
day (-20.4%)

12. 12
MAYOR OF LONDON
The ULEZ does not operate in isolation and compliance for
heavy vehicles operating in the LEZ has also grown
• 96% of heavy vehicles operating in
London meet the strict LEZ standards, up
from 48% in Feb 2017
• Heavy vehicles that pass through the LEZ
drive through 95% of the major towns and
cities in England and Wales, bringing air
quality and health benefits to 18 million
people
• Expected to reduce NOx emissions from
heavy vehicles by up to 60%

13. 13
MAYOR OF LONDON
This means people in the expanded ULEZ and on the
boundary are breathing cleaner air
ULEZ
impact:
central
ULEZ
impact:
inner
ULEZ
impact
ULEZ
impact
*Group 1 is Brent Ikea and Hanger Lane. Group 2 is all other boundary sites

14. 14
MAYOR OF LONDON
But we know there is more to do
All
of London exceeds
the updated WHO
recommended
guidelines for NO2
and PM2.5
• London-wide ULEZ consultation
closed 29 July
• TfL currently analysing all
responses and preparing a
report to the Mayor
• Mayoral decision on ULEZ
proposals expected by the end
of the year
• Report will also include analysis
of road user charging themes

15. Contact details:
taryn.ferguson@london.gov.uk
@LDN_environment