Top Rated Bangalore Call Girls Richmond Circle ⟟ 8250192130 ⟟ Call Me For Gen...
Red cross and Red Crescent
1. RED CROSS & RED CRESCENT
ACTIVITIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL
SECURITY
PRESENTED BY
IBRAHIM ZUBAIRU ABUBAKAR
2. OUTLINES
HISTORY OF RED CROSS & RED CRESCENT
BATTLE OF SOLFERINO 24, JUNE 1859
MEMORY OF SOLFERINO 1862
COMMITTEE OF FIVE (5) 1862
GENEVA CONVENTIONS 1864
HISTORY OF EMBLEMS
RED CROSS MOVEMENT
ICRC
IFRC
NSRC, AND THEIR MISSIONS
IHL& ICRC IN INTERNATIONAL SECURITY.
3. RED CROSS & RED CRESCENT
International organization whose mission is to protect
The lives and dignity of victims of war
To provide them with assistance.
The name Red Cross generally refers to the humanitarian
movement which composed of
International Committee of the Red Cross and Red
Crescent
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent
Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies E.G
American Red Cross
British Red Cross
6. MEMORY OF SOLFERINO
HENRY DUNANT was shocked by the terrible outcomes of the battle considering the
number of
Wounded soldiers
Sufferings
And the number of those that passing away ,
Due to lack of medical attention and basic care
Back to his country Geneva, he decided to write a book A MEMORY OF SOLFERINO
published 1862. The book describes his
Experiences in the battle
Its costs
Chaotic circumstances
Explicitly advocated the formation
National voluntary relief organizations
International treaties to guarantee the neutrality protection
He sent copies of the book to leading political and military figures throughout
Europe.
7. MEMORY OF SOLFERINO
The Memory of Solferino
inspired the creation of
International Committee of
the Red Cross (ICRC) in
1863.
Four 4 Geneva Conventions
& three 3 others additional
protocols
Adoption of emblem
(Signs of protection)
8. THE FIVE (5) FOUNDERS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMITTEE OF RED CROSS
.
9. GENEVA CONVENTIONS 1949
The Geneva Conventions comprise four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establishes the standards of
international law for the humane treatment of war.
1ST 1949 Geneva
Convention
dealing with
wounded and
sick in armed
forces in the field.
2ND 1906
Geneva
Convention
dealing with
wounded sick and
shipwrecked
members of
armed forces at
sea.
Additional protocol (l) 1977 protection
of victims of international armed
conflict
Additional protocol (ll) 1977 non
international armed conflict
Additional protocol (lll) 2005 adoption
of red crystal
3RD 1929 Geneva
Convention
dealing with
treatment of
prisoners of war.
4TH Geneva
Convention
dealing with the
protection of
civilian persons in
time of war.
11. HISTORY OF RED CROSS EMBLEMS
Prior to the 19th century, the symbols used to
Identify armed forces
Medical services vary according to their countries
The symbols were not generally well known
Not entitled to any form of legal protection and respect
It was in 1863, when a five-member committee, proposed the
need to
adopt a symbol to be
Simple
Identifiable from a distance
Known to everyone
Identical for friend and foe.
The emblem had to be the same for everyone and universally
recognizable
This brought the adoption of the red cross on a white background as the
uniform distinctive emblem.
12. HISTORY OF EMBLEMS
The flag of Switzerland, from which the
original Red Cross is said to have been
derived
The Red Cross emblem was officially
approved in Geneva in 1863
The Red Crescent emblem was first used
by ICRC volunteers during the armed
conflict between the Ottoman Empire
and Russia (1877–1878). The symbol was
officially adopted in 1929
13. CONT.
The Third Protocol Emblem is the Red
Crystal was adopted by an amendment of
the Geneva Conventions known as Protocol
III 2005.
The Red Lion and Sun Society of Iran
was established in 1922 and admitted to
the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement
in 1923.
Red Star of David, the national first-aid
society of Israel, but it is not recognized by
the Geneva Conventions as a protected
symbol
15. RED CROSS MOVEMENT
The
movement consists of several distinct
organizations that are legally independent from
each other, but are united within the movement
through common basic
Principles
Objectives
Symbols as follows:---
16. ORGANIZATIONS UNDER THE MOVEMENT
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1863
International Federation of Red Cross and Red
Crescent Societies (IFRC) - 1919
National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
17. ICRC MISSIONS
Protect human life and health
Ensure respect for all human beings
Prevent and alleviate human suffering
Protected dignity of victims of international and internal
armed conflicts.
19. ICRC & INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
The ICRC works on a neutral and impartial basis to protect and assist people
affected by conflict
Monitor compliance of warring parties with the Geneva Conventions
Organize nursing and care for those who are wounded on the battlefield
Visiting prisoners of war
Visiting security detainees Searching for missing persons (tracing service)
Transmitting messages between separated family members
Reuniting dispersed families
Providing safe water, food and medical assistance to those in need
Disseminating International Humanitarian Law (IHL)
Promote the respect of (IHL)
Monitors compliance by governments and all weapon bearers.
22. IFCR
Coordinates the activities between national Red Cross and
Red Crescent societies throughout the world
Supports the foundation of new national societies in
countries where no official society exists.
On the international stage
The IFRC organizes and leads relief assistance missions after
emergencies such as
Natural disasters
Man-made disasters
Epidemics
Mass refugee flights, and other emergencies.
And support local health care projects
26. NSRC
Humanitarian aid in armed conflicts
Humanitarian aid in emergency crises such as
natural disasters.
Blood donation services
Acting as a civilian Emergency Medical Service
(EMS) providers.
28. IHL & ICRC
International humanitarian law is part of international law, which is the body of rules
governing relations between States; it includes several treaties or conventions that
outlaw specific weapons
These conventions were created largely because these weapons cause deaths and
injuries
Unexploded land mines have caused up to 7,000 deaths every year
Unexploded bombs, particularly from cluster bombs that scatter many small bomb lets
have killed many
An estimated 98% of the victims were civilian; farmers and children who find these
explosives
IHL mediates to limit the effects of armed conflict
It protects persons who are not or are no longer participating in the hostilities
Restricts the means and methods of warfare
International humanitarian law applies to armed conflicts.
29. ICRC & IHL
Persons outside of combat and those not taking part in hostilities, shall be protected and
treated humanely
It is forbidden to kill or injure an enemy who surrenders
The wounded and the sick shall be cared for and protected by the party to the conflict which
has them in its power.
The emblem of the "Red Cross," or of the "Red Crescent," shall be required to be respected
as the sign of protection.
Captured combatants and civilians must be protected against acts of violence and reprisals.
They shall have the right to correspond with their families and to receive relief
No-one shall be subjected to torture, corporal punishment, or cruel or degrading treatment
Parties to a conflict shall at all times distinguish between the civilian population and
combatants.
Attacks shall be directed solely against military objectives
Well-known examples of such rules include the prohibition on attacking doctors or
ambulances displaying a red cross
It is also prohibited to fire at a person or vehicle bearing a white flag
Serious violations of international humanitarian laws have called
war crimes
36. CONCLUSION
ICRC as the promoter and guardian of international
humanitarian laws must encourage the respect of laws
It does so by spreading the knowledge of humanitarian
rules
Reminding parties in the conflicts of their obligations
And ensure that humanitarian rules are respected.