Microbial food web manipulation in pond water for healthy shrimp
•
1 gostou•1,128 visualizações
Manipulating nutrient and environment to support healthy food chain
Recomendados
Mais conteúdo relacionado
Mais procurados
Mais procurados (20)
Semelhante a Microbial food web manipulation in pond water for healthy shrimp
Semelhante a Microbial food web manipulation in pond water for healthy shrimp (20)
Mais de Ibnu Sahidhir
Mais de Ibnu Sahidhir (20)
Último
Último (20)
Microbial food web manipulation in pond water for healthy shrimp
- 1. Ibnu Sahidhir Senior Aquaculture Engineer Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center Ujung Batee, Aceh 1 Microbial food web Maintaining Healthy Shrimp Pondforforforfor A Novel Approach Microbial Manipulating Food Web
- 2. Main Questions 1. What is the significances of microbes in the pond ? 2. What is the microbial food web ? 3. How to manipulate bacterial food web for supporting shrimp health ? 4. How to manipulate phytoplankton food web for supporting shrimp health ? 5. What is the right pond condition for better microbial food web to flourish ?
- 3. CONSIDERING THE ENERGY Bacteria and phytoplankton as basic of microbial food chain Photosynthesis Protozoa Decomposition Metazoa pH pH
- 4. I The Significances of Microbes in the Pond
- 5. Microbial ServicesMicrobial ServicesMicrobial ServicesMicrobial Services in Ponds Detoxifying wastes • Absorbing and converting NH3, H2S, CO2, malodor Preventing diseases • Maintain biodiversity Providing nutrition • Vitamins, immunostimulant etc
- 6. 0 50 100 150 Fertilizer Soil quality Broodstock feed Antibiotics and disinfectant Weather and health management Seed Larval feed Growout feed Alternative feed Probiotic and bioremediation My Personal Website Survey of Aquaculture Problem 10/28/2019 6 (www.sahidhir.com 2014) Rank 1st : Probiotic Number of People
- 7. Probiotics 15,200 entry Prebiotics 4,430 entry Synbiotics 1,600 entry Postbiotics 33 entry microbes microbial food microbes and its food Microbial metabolites product
- 8. II The Microbial Food Web
- 9. Microbial Community Succession from Organic Matter Nannoflagellates Organicpollution
- 10. Light intensity of tropical sun light 4000 kkal/m2/day
- 11. Microbial Community Succession from Inorganic Matter Phytoplankton Free ciliates Attached ciliates Copepod Rotifer Inorganicpollution
- 13. (Wang et al., 2014)
- 14. METHODS Finding stuck in food chain Preparing healthy basic of the pyramides Helping the grazer Controlling the environment
- 15. Day 1st: Heterotrophic bacteria decompose organic matter
- 16. Day 7th Microalgae grows after inorganic mineral accumulated
- 17. Filamentous bacteria as a skeleton of floc
- 18. Young Floc
- 19. Pennales Diatom in Floc
- 20. Attached Ciliata in Old Floc
- 21. Ciliates-Rotifer-Gastrotrich as Floc Grazer
- 22. Bakteri 0,1-1 um Protozoa 0,5-20 um Rotifer 100-300 um Organisme bersel banyak yang paling sederhana
- 23. Gastrotrichs
- 24. Crustacean and Nematodes (300-1500 um)
- 25. Microbial Food Web in ERAS Organic matter Solid dissolved Bacteria Organic Anorganic Phytoplankton Micro Meso Protozoa Nanno Micro Macro Free swimming Crawling Attached Contractile Non-contractile swimming floc attached Rotifers Nematods Copepods Insects (mosq larvae, chironomus) Ciliata (70%) Melosira, Navicula Bio-agitation and coprophagy Predation CO2 in CO2 Out Biomass decreases Biomass increases
- 26. Biomass Pool CO2 in CO2 Out Biomass decreases Biomass increases Simplifying the Concept
- 27. Indoor Outdoor Floc Volume in Outdoor is Higher than Indoor
- 29. Nitrite-N Total Ammonia-N Nitrate-N 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0 8 12 15 19 26 28 Days Nitrate-N (mg/l) TAN dan Nitrite-N (mg/l) A Complete Ammonia Oxidation Pattern (COMMAMOX by Nitrospira sp) When microbial food web is running well, No Worries about Nutrient Cycles
- 30. Effect of ciliated protozoa on the activated sludge quality Effluent analysis Without ciliates With ciliates Bacteria (millions/ml) 106-160 1-9 BOD (mg/l) 53-70 7-24 Organic nitrogen (mg/l) 14-21 7-10 Suspended solids (mg/l) 86-118 26-34
- 31. MANIPULATING THE MICROBIAL FOOD WEB Finding stuck in food chain Preparing healthy basic of the pyramides Helping the grazer Controlling the environment
- 32. III Manipulating Bacterial Food Web
- 33. Microbial food chain become stuck because of filamentous microbes
- 34. 23 Clade of Vibrio Deadly AHPND Vibrio transfer the plasmid to Orientalis clade (V. punensis) (Clade: Sawabe et al, 2013) (AHPND: Restrepo, 2018)
- 35. (Dworkin et al, 2006: The prokaryotes VI)Physiological Profile of Vibrios
- 36. Natural microbial community Cell Metabolites Stimulate protozoa Stimulate floc forming bacteria Reduce total bacteria Reduce pathogenic bacteria probiotic postbiotic Organic acid and ethanol Heterotrophic nannoflagellates • induce polyhydroxyalkanoates • Polyphosphate accumulating bacteria Postbiotic Strategy of Heterofermentative Microbes
- 37. Classical RABAL (Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria) of Heterofermentative Natural Strain
- 38. SelfSelfSelfSelf----purification of waterpurification of waterpurification of waterpurification of water 4 days water maturation Lavilla-Pitogo CR, Albright LJ, Paner MG (1998)
- 39. Effect of ciliated protozoa on the activated sludge quality Effluent analysis Without ciliates With ciliates Bacteria (millions/ml) 106-160 1-9 BOD (mg/l) 53-70 7-24 Organic nitrogen (mg/l) 14-21 7-10 Suspended solids (mg/l) 86-118 26-34
- 40. Homofermentative (hexose) Heterofermentative (hexose & pentose) Lactobacillus acidophilus, L casei, L. plantarum, L. kefiranofaciens, L. kefirgranum Lactobacillus fermentum, L. brevis, L. kimchii, L. Sakei, L. Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus plantarum Leuconostoc kimchii, L. Lactis, L. mesenteroides Paralactobacillus selangorensis Carnobacterium divergens Pediococcus acidilactici Oenococcus oeni Vagococcus fluvialis Weisella kimchii, W. koreensis Lactic Acid Bacteria (Jay, 2005; Dworkin et al, 2006: The prokaryotes IV)
- 42. Polyphosphate Accumulating Microbes after PHA Formation (Yuan, 2012)
- 43. (Janssen, 2012)
- 44. Microbial Floc: a Rain Forest in the Dessert of Shrimp Faming • Site of biodiversity • Nitrifiers shelter • P accumulators shelter • Benthic diatom shelter • Maintain safe decomposition
- 45. IV Manipulating Microalgal Food Web
- 46. Silicate in seawater 8 ppm Si (20% silicate) 1,6 ppm N (5x Si) 8 ppm Feed protein 36% N protein 16% N secretion 70% Total N waste 4% Feed 198 ppm Shrimp size (150 ind/m3) 1,3 gram Shrimp size (300 ind/m3) 0,7 gram Predicting when Si used up Postbiotics prevents microalgal collapse by slowing population growth
- 47. Big size of microalgae makes microbial food chain become stuck
- 48. • Silicon is limiting nutrient • Diatom tolerance to defficiency is 20%, thin frustule • After 10 days 40% of organic Si is mineralized • Size of Diatom influence mineralization of organic Si
- 50. Asexual Sexual Sexual mode on when resources is depleted Binary fission Oogonium Spermatogonium Engagement ZigoteFertilization Cyclotella menegheniana
- 51. Protozoa grazing bacteria in scum
- 52. • Exopolymeric substances (green) (carbohydrates) • Abundant when nutrient (NP) limited EPS of Spirulina
- 53. Lack of protozoa in anaerobic sediment
- 54. Filamentous Bacteria in Upper Layer Anaerobic Sediment
- 56. Sulfate 2700 ppm Sulfide potential (33% of sulfate) 900 ppm Sulfide toxicity 0,2 ppm Killing area 4500 m3 Sulfate = 2,7 ppt Macro Anion Disaster in Anaerobic Environment
- 57. Before and After Periphyton Feeder Comes Tilapia grazing prevent mirobial food chain become stuck
- 58. V Providing Excellent Environment for Microbial Food Web to Flourish
- 59. A Simplified Process in Traditional Pond: Nothing can be Controlled
- 60. Thinking Like Bioreactor • Control DO (>4 ppm) and pH (7,8-8,6) • Harvest the microbes regularly by siphoning
- 61. Ca/Mg/K = 1/3,5/1 = 2 ppt Macro Cation
- 62. Current Water Management: Horisontal vs Vertical
- 63. Current and aeration make different storyCurrent and aeration make different storyCurrent and aeration make different storyCurrent and aeration make different story No water exchange for 2 months TAN 0,08 ppm Nitrite 0,004 ppm Nitrate 11,9 ppm Phosphate 0,13 ppm TVC 230 cfu/ml
- 64. 82% 86% 92% 96% 80% 82% 84% 86% 88% 90% 92% 94% 96% 98% 100% 0 50 100 150 Dose of Postbiotics (ppm) Survival Rate in Nursery 10/28/2019 Indonesian Aquaculture 2018, Jakarta, 28-30 November 2018 64
- 65. 0,084 0,095 0,098 0,138 0,070 0,080 0,090 0,100 0,110 0,120 0,130 0,140 0,150 0 50 100 150 Weight in Nursery (gram) Dose of Postbiotics (ppm) 10/28/2019 Indonesian Aquaculture 2018, Jakarta, 28-30 November 2018 65
- 66. 2,5 2,1 1,9 1,3 1,10 1,30 1,50 1,70 1,90 2,10 2,30 2,50 0 50 100 150 FCR in Nursery Dose of Postbiotics (ppm) 10/28/2019 Indonesian Aquaculture 2018, Jakarta, 28-30 November 2018 66
- 67. 10/28/2019 Indonesian Aquaculture 2018, Jakarta, 28-30 November 2018 67 Partial Harvest 0.5-1 kg/m3 in Trial Tanks 1,1 5,1 4,4 7,0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 800 600
- 68. Area 800 m2 Cycles 3 siklus/tahun Tanks 10 @50 m3 DOC 78 days Density 240 ind/m2 Biomassa 4 kg/m3 ADG 0,23 gram/day SR >90% FCR 1,1-1,2 Size 50-70 ind/kg Shrimp Profile Production in Tanks
- 69. REMINDING THE LINE Finding stuck in food chain Preparing healthy basic of the pyramides Helping the grazer Controlling the environment
- 70. SHRIMPING Let’s