SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 28
Father of Post-Science Hugh Ching 2014
Solution of Value: http://www.infinitespreadsheet.com/verify.htm
Completely Automation: http://www.humanlanguageprogramming.com

Post-Science Institute: http://www.postscience.com


Post-science is knowledge beyond science and
the mainstream knowledge of the future.



Science: Non-violable laws of nature in science.
The number of man-made laws in science = 0
Social science:
Non-violable laws of nature in social science.



The number of man-made law in social science = 0 ?


Life (computer) science:
Design criterion of permanence.



Age of Post-Science (2000 AD – 4000 AD)

2


There are two major crises facing society.

 (1) Global financial crisis

 (2) Complexity crisis.


Not solvable by science.




Financial crisis solvable by solution of value.
Complexity crisis, by complete automation.



Post-science will show reality in its entirety with
its social science and the true destiny of mankind
with its life science.
3








Gravitation is a non-violable law of nature
in science.
The solution of value is a non-violable law
of nature in social science.
Nature is a dictator.
Its laws are absolute.
These laws are non-violable, regardless
whether they are understood or not.
In the Age of knowledge, non-violable laws
of nature will replace all man-made laws.
4
The solution of value is a
non-violable law of nature.




The problem of value is posed by Kenneth
Arrow, Gerard Debreu, and John von Neumann in
the book Theory of Value by Debreu.
Value is the sum total of all the benefits and losses
extending to infinity in time. It is based on the

Infinite Spreadsheet




The solution of value establishes equilibrium
among the price and all the factors affecting the
price in a space extending to infinity.
It provides full disclosure and full accountability.

6


The Savings and Loan Crisis was caused by the
rapid decrease of the growth rate, which
caused the price to drop.



The Subprime Woe was caused by the rapid
rise in interest rate, which caused the price to
drop.



Both crises were caused by the incorrect price
determined by the market comparison
method, which kept the price unchanged
when the economic condition had changed.

7
 The correct solution to financial

crises is the correct solution of price.


The post-science solution of value is a
mathematically rigorous relationship
between the price and the rate of return.



Being mathematically rigorous, the
solution of value is a non-violable law of
nature in social science.
8
 The problem is not

productivity, but distribution.



The financial crisis was caused by the
overproduction of real estates.

 Distribution must be guided the price.
 Sufficient supply of the necessities of

life for all human beings on earth.

9






Suffering and pain from not knowing the nonviolable laws of nature.
The financial crisis from not observing the
non-violable law of nature governing the
price.
The crisis teaches non-violable laws of nature.
Happiness are the rewards and will remain
after most suffering have been avoided by
observing non-violable laws of nature.
10


The Equations of Evil is

Evil = Ambition – Ability




Evil is generated in the heat of competition.
Morality has prevented the self-annihilation of
mankind by balancing excessive evil with good.
The Age of Knowledge will replace competition
for wealth with cooperation in advancing
knowledge and change the Equation of Evil into

Knowledge = Good + Ability
11


The solution of value is the solution of Peace
because it is the rational method of arbitration.



Before the availability of the rational method of
arbitration, competition is the engine of progress.



With the solution of value, rational arbitration will
replace destructive competition.



In the Age of Knowledge, competition for personal
wealth will be replaced by cooperation among all
people, leading to Brotherhood among all people.
12


All man-made objects have temporary lives.



The design criterion of permanence is
satisfied by complete automation.



The ultimate solution to unlimited
complexity is complete automation.



Temporary entities sooner or later will
become valueless.
13


Complete automation through

Self-Manufactured General Purpose Robot
Controlled by the completely automated software
With the ability of touch using jumpulse.
Jumpulse is a sudden change of force.


Ultimately, the Robot will become the
human, and the Software will become DNA.

Self-Creation
14










Most valuable commodity on earth.
Represents the accumulated wisdom of the
universe from the infinite past stored in the
format of completely automated software.
Has a much higher probability of
originating from the infinite outer space
than from the finite earth.
DNA exists permanently.
Life is used to express the value of DNA.
Valuable DNA will be selected for cloning.
All unselected DNA will be further mixed.
15








DNA has been created to last permanently.
Continuous life spans only last just a few hours
between unconsciousness or sleep.
Nature is interested in the permanent DNA, not
the temporary human life.
The value of DNA can be known only after a
whole life has been lived.
The goal of life is to demonstrate that the
DNA, which the life expresses, has positive value
to itself and to the world.
16
Engineering: Massachusetts Institute of Technology



BS Electrical Engineering (MIT)
MS Nuclear Engineering (MIT)

Physics: ScD Nuclear Engineering, Plasma Physics, MIT

Twice table tennis champion of MIT

Mathematics:
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences


Post-Doctoral Research: Establishing a correct theoretical
foundation (Generalized Fluid Description) for Plasma Physics

Logic: Department of Philosophy, Paul Feyerabend
University of California, Berkeley


After Post-Doctor, working as Research Associate for eight years




Solving the problems of Touch (1968), Value (1972), and Software (1986)
Predicting the Savings and Loan Crisis (1984) and the Subprime Woe (2006)
17






World ‘s leading financial authority US Fed
Chairman Bernanke’s 2010 speech at the
American Economic Association annual
meeting on page 21:
“…interest rate increases in 2003 or 2004
sufficient to constrain the bubble could have
seriously weakened the economy at just the
time when the recovery from the previous
recession was becoming established.”
Contradicts the data (Next page).

18
19
The solution of value is a law of nature.
The Financial Institutions
Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of
1989 (FIRREA) is a man-made law.
 FIRREA licenses the real estate appraisal and
endorses the market comparison method of
appraisal, which is the main cause of crises.
 The Subprime Woe of 2008 was over an order
of magnitude worse than the Savings and
Loan Crisis, for which FIRREA was passed.



20






The criterion of acceptance of science is
empirical verification.
Social and life sciences deal with reality, which
is infinite, and are not subject to empirical
verification because infinity never arrives.
The criterion of acceptance of social science is
mathematical rigor.
The criterion of acceptance of life science is
logic.
21
22
23
24
25


A Jumpulse Applied with Precise
Timing Can Keep the Ball in Prolonged
Contact with the Racket.

26
27
Infinite Spreadsheet: http://123is.com
http://humanlanguageprogramming.com
Hugh Ching is the son of Pei Ping Ching, who was a famous
descendent of the seven hundred years old Chinese family
Zheng’s Seventeen Houses (expecting decline, now a tourist attraction).





Hugh Ching owns the patents and copyrights:
Hugh Ching “Quantitative Supply and Demand Model Based
on Infinite Spreadsheet” (Pat. No. 6,078,901).
Hugh Ching “Completely Automated and Self-generating
Software System” (Pat. No. 5,485,601).
Copyrights of Universal Permanent Number (UPN is the set
of distinct integers from – to + infinity). Certificate of
Registration: Registration Number TXu 1-789-183 Effective
date of registration: December 30, 2011 Title of work:
Copyrights of Universal Permanent Number.
28

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Semelhante a Post science next 2000 years

Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035
Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035
Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035
David Wood
 
Total 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docx
Total 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docxTotal 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docx
Total 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docx
edwardmarivel
 
Challenges of 21st century managers and humanity
Challenges of 21st century managers and humanityChallenges of 21st century managers and humanity
Challenges of 21st century managers and humanity
Rishabh Maity
 

Semelhante a Post science next 2000 years (20)

The Technological Singularity and Entrepreneurship
The Technological Singularity and EntrepreneurshipThe Technological Singularity and Entrepreneurship
The Technological Singularity and Entrepreneurship
 
Practice Writing Hypotheses Wor. Online assignment writing service.
Practice Writing Hypotheses Wor. Online assignment writing service.Practice Writing Hypotheses Wor. Online assignment writing service.
Practice Writing Hypotheses Wor. Online assignment writing service.
 
Technology Overlords Or A Symbiosis ?
Technology Overlords Or A Symbiosis ?Technology Overlords Or A Symbiosis ?
Technology Overlords Or A Symbiosis ?
 
Quantum computing key words for orientation (2017)
Quantum computing   key words for orientation (2017)Quantum computing   key words for orientation (2017)
Quantum computing key words for orientation (2017)
 
The tragedy of the commons
The tragedy of the commonsThe tragedy of the commons
The tragedy of the commons
 
2065 a viable world
2065 a viable world2065 a viable world
2065 a viable world
 
Weather Writing Paper. Online assignment writing service.
Weather Writing Paper. Online assignment writing service.Weather Writing Paper. Online assignment writing service.
Weather Writing Paper. Online assignment writing service.
 
Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035
Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035
Roadmapping the UK's future, 2019-2025-2035
 
Global united Brochure
Global united BrochureGlobal united Brochure
Global united Brochure
 
Total 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docx
Total 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docxTotal 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docx
Total 20 points.1. (8 points) Rights and marketsWe hold t.docx
 
Big Data--Variant Data Concept
Big Data--Variant Data ConceptBig Data--Variant Data Concept
Big Data--Variant Data Concept
 
Challenges of 21st century managers and humanity
Challenges of 21st century managers and humanityChallenges of 21st century managers and humanity
Challenges of 21st century managers and humanity
 
Shaping Tomorrow - Future of humans
Shaping Tomorrow - Future of humansShaping Tomorrow - Future of humans
Shaping Tomorrow - Future of humans
 
Essayer Adobe Illustrator
Essayer Adobe IllustratorEssayer Adobe Illustrator
Essayer Adobe Illustrator
 
Ways To Write The Date - Pgbari.X.Fc2.Com
Ways To Write The Date - Pgbari.X.Fc2.ComWays To Write The Date - Pgbari.X.Fc2.Com
Ways To Write The Date - Pgbari.X.Fc2.Com
 
W I I.pdf
W I I.pdfW I I.pdf
W I I.pdf
 
Global Future Changes and Millennium Project
Global Future Changes and Millennium ProjectGlobal Future Changes and Millennium Project
Global Future Changes and Millennium Project
 
Kim Solez Technology and Future of Medicine Course LABMP 590 - Update with Yo...
Kim Solez Technology and Future of Medicine Course LABMP 590 - Update with Yo...Kim Solez Technology and Future of Medicine Course LABMP 590 - Update with Yo...
Kim Solez Technology and Future of Medicine Course LABMP 590 - Update with Yo...
 
How ai can save or destroy the environment
How ai can save or destroy the environmentHow ai can save or destroy the environment
How ai can save or destroy the environment
 
Sustainability
SustainabilitySustainability
Sustainability
 

Mais de Hugh Ching Jumpulse

Mais de Hugh Ching Jumpulse (6)

emNSF11-16-5Summary
emNSF11-16-5SummaryemNSF11-16-5Summary
emNSF11-16-5Summary
 
Post-Science Business
Post-Science BusinessPost-Science Business
Post-Science Business
 
后科学工业 Post science industry
后科学工业 Post science industry后科学工业 Post science industry
后科学工业 Post science industry
 
Big Data Innovations Post-Science
Big Data Innovations Post-ScienceBig Data Innovations Post-Science
Big Data Innovations Post-Science
 
Steiner-Lehmus Direct Proof
Steiner-Lehmus Direct Proof Steiner-Lehmus Direct Proof
Steiner-Lehmus Direct Proof
 
Hugh Ching Resume Chinese/English
Hugh Ching Resume Chinese/EnglishHugh Ching Resume Chinese/English
Hugh Ching Resume Chinese/English
 

Último

Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
fonyou31
 
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactBeyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
PECB
 
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
QucHHunhnh
 

Último (20)

social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajansocial pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
 
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
Ecosystem Interactions Class Discussion Presentation in Blue Green Lined Styl...
 
Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot GraphZ Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
 
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdfWeb & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
 
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across SectorsAPM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
 
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
 
Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"
Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"
Mattingly "AI & Prompt Design: Structured Data, Assistants, & RAG"
 
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactBeyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
 
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdfHoldier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
 
fourth grading exam for kindergarten in writing
fourth grading exam for kindergarten in writingfourth grading exam for kindergarten in writing
fourth grading exam for kindergarten in writing
 
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptxINDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
 
Arihant handbook biology for class 11 .pdf
Arihant handbook biology for class 11 .pdfArihant handbook biology for class 11 .pdf
Arihant handbook biology for class 11 .pdf
 
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
Q4-W6-Restating Informational Text Grade 3
 
Sports & Fitness Value Added Course FY..
Sports & Fitness Value Added Course FY..Sports & Fitness Value Added Course FY..
Sports & Fitness Value Added Course FY..
 
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi  6.pdf
1029-Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa khoi 6.pdf
 
IGNOU MSCCFT and PGDCFT Exam Question Pattern: MCFT003 Counselling and Family...
IGNOU MSCCFT and PGDCFT Exam Question Pattern: MCFT003 Counselling and Family...IGNOU MSCCFT and PGDCFT Exam Question Pattern: MCFT003 Counselling and Family...
IGNOU MSCCFT and PGDCFT Exam Question Pattern: MCFT003 Counselling and Family...
 
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and ModeMeasures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
 
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
Explore beautiful and ugly buildings. Mathematics helps us create beautiful d...
 
Disha NEET Physics Guide for classes 11 and 12.pdf
Disha NEET Physics Guide for classes 11 and 12.pdfDisha NEET Physics Guide for classes 11 and 12.pdf
Disha NEET Physics Guide for classes 11 and 12.pdf
 

Post science next 2000 years

  • 1. Father of Post-Science Hugh Ching 2014 Solution of Value: http://www.infinitespreadsheet.com/verify.htm Completely Automation: http://www.humanlanguageprogramming.com Post-Science Institute: http://www.postscience.com
  • 2.  Post-science is knowledge beyond science and the mainstream knowledge of the future.  Science: Non-violable laws of nature in science. The number of man-made laws in science = 0 Social science: Non-violable laws of nature in social science.  The number of man-made law in social science = 0 ?  Life (computer) science: Design criterion of permanence.  Age of Post-Science (2000 AD – 4000 AD) 2
  • 3.  There are two major crises facing society.  (1) Global financial crisis  (2) Complexity crisis.  Not solvable by science.   Financial crisis solvable by solution of value. Complexity crisis, by complete automation.  Post-science will show reality in its entirety with its social science and the true destiny of mankind with its life science. 3
  • 4.       Gravitation is a non-violable law of nature in science. The solution of value is a non-violable law of nature in social science. Nature is a dictator. Its laws are absolute. These laws are non-violable, regardless whether they are understood or not. In the Age of knowledge, non-violable laws of nature will replace all man-made laws. 4
  • 5. The solution of value is a non-violable law of nature.
  • 6.   The problem of value is posed by Kenneth Arrow, Gerard Debreu, and John von Neumann in the book Theory of Value by Debreu. Value is the sum total of all the benefits and losses extending to infinity in time. It is based on the Infinite Spreadsheet   The solution of value establishes equilibrium among the price and all the factors affecting the price in a space extending to infinity. It provides full disclosure and full accountability. 6
  • 7.  The Savings and Loan Crisis was caused by the rapid decrease of the growth rate, which caused the price to drop.  The Subprime Woe was caused by the rapid rise in interest rate, which caused the price to drop.  Both crises were caused by the incorrect price determined by the market comparison method, which kept the price unchanged when the economic condition had changed. 7
  • 8.  The correct solution to financial crises is the correct solution of price.  The post-science solution of value is a mathematically rigorous relationship between the price and the rate of return.  Being mathematically rigorous, the solution of value is a non-violable law of nature in social science. 8
  • 9.  The problem is not productivity, but distribution.  The financial crisis was caused by the overproduction of real estates.  Distribution must be guided the price.  Sufficient supply of the necessities of life for all human beings on earth. 9
  • 10.     Suffering and pain from not knowing the nonviolable laws of nature. The financial crisis from not observing the non-violable law of nature governing the price. The crisis teaches non-violable laws of nature. Happiness are the rewards and will remain after most suffering have been avoided by observing non-violable laws of nature. 10
  • 11.  The Equations of Evil is Evil = Ambition – Ability    Evil is generated in the heat of competition. Morality has prevented the self-annihilation of mankind by balancing excessive evil with good. The Age of Knowledge will replace competition for wealth with cooperation in advancing knowledge and change the Equation of Evil into Knowledge = Good + Ability 11
  • 12.  The solution of value is the solution of Peace because it is the rational method of arbitration.  Before the availability of the rational method of arbitration, competition is the engine of progress.  With the solution of value, rational arbitration will replace destructive competition.  In the Age of Knowledge, competition for personal wealth will be replaced by cooperation among all people, leading to Brotherhood among all people. 12
  • 13.  All man-made objects have temporary lives.  The design criterion of permanence is satisfied by complete automation.  The ultimate solution to unlimited complexity is complete automation.  Temporary entities sooner or later will become valueless. 13
  • 14.  Complete automation through Self-Manufactured General Purpose Robot Controlled by the completely automated software With the ability of touch using jumpulse. Jumpulse is a sudden change of force.  Ultimately, the Robot will become the human, and the Software will become DNA. Self-Creation 14
  • 15.        Most valuable commodity on earth. Represents the accumulated wisdom of the universe from the infinite past stored in the format of completely automated software. Has a much higher probability of originating from the infinite outer space than from the finite earth. DNA exists permanently. Life is used to express the value of DNA. Valuable DNA will be selected for cloning. All unselected DNA will be further mixed. 15
  • 16.      DNA has been created to last permanently. Continuous life spans only last just a few hours between unconsciousness or sleep. Nature is interested in the permanent DNA, not the temporary human life. The value of DNA can be known only after a whole life has been lived. The goal of life is to demonstrate that the DNA, which the life expresses, has positive value to itself and to the world. 16
  • 17. Engineering: Massachusetts Institute of Technology   BS Electrical Engineering (MIT) MS Nuclear Engineering (MIT) Physics: ScD Nuclear Engineering, Plasma Physics, MIT  Twice table tennis champion of MIT Mathematics: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences  Post-Doctoral Research: Establishing a correct theoretical foundation (Generalized Fluid Description) for Plasma Physics Logic: Department of Philosophy, Paul Feyerabend University of California, Berkeley  After Post-Doctor, working as Research Associate for eight years   Solving the problems of Touch (1968), Value (1972), and Software (1986) Predicting the Savings and Loan Crisis (1984) and the Subprime Woe (2006) 17
  • 18.    World ‘s leading financial authority US Fed Chairman Bernanke’s 2010 speech at the American Economic Association annual meeting on page 21: “…interest rate increases in 2003 or 2004 sufficient to constrain the bubble could have seriously weakened the economy at just the time when the recovery from the previous recession was becoming established.” Contradicts the data (Next page). 18
  • 19. 19
  • 20. The solution of value is a law of nature. The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (FIRREA) is a man-made law.  FIRREA licenses the real estate appraisal and endorses the market comparison method of appraisal, which is the main cause of crises.  The Subprime Woe of 2008 was over an order of magnitude worse than the Savings and Loan Crisis, for which FIRREA was passed.   20
  • 21.     The criterion of acceptance of science is empirical verification. Social and life sciences deal with reality, which is infinite, and are not subject to empirical verification because infinity never arrives. The criterion of acceptance of social science is mathematical rigor. The criterion of acceptance of life science is logic. 21
  • 22. 22
  • 23. 23
  • 24. 24
  • 25. 25
  • 26.  A Jumpulse Applied with Precise Timing Can Keep the Ball in Prolonged Contact with the Racket. 26
  • 27. 27
  • 28. Infinite Spreadsheet: http://123is.com http://humanlanguageprogramming.com Hugh Ching is the son of Pei Ping Ching, who was a famous descendent of the seven hundred years old Chinese family Zheng’s Seventeen Houses (expecting decline, now a tourist attraction).     Hugh Ching owns the patents and copyrights: Hugh Ching “Quantitative Supply and Demand Model Based on Infinite Spreadsheet” (Pat. No. 6,078,901). Hugh Ching “Completely Automated and Self-generating Software System” (Pat. No. 5,485,601). Copyrights of Universal Permanent Number (UPN is the set of distinct integers from – to + infinity). Certificate of Registration: Registration Number TXu 1-789-183 Effective date of registration: December 30, 2011 Title of work: Copyrights of Universal Permanent Number. 28