Staircase is an amazing discovery by human. This is one of the major building elements to be learnt by the students of Architecture and interior designing in the very initial stage of their academic life. We, before starting the topic in classroom with a blackboard, try to give an overall idea about the design of staircase, it's technical terms, elements and uses. Hence, my this presentation might be useful for other colleges and students too.

1. Importance and study
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2. It is impossible for an Architect to escape from staircase in his lifetime.
Medium of travel which connects two consecutive
horizontal surfaces.
2. A complete arrangement of steps, stringers, newel
posts, hand rails, balusters, etc.
3. Easy and quick access to different floors with
comfort and safety.
1.
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3. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Understanding design aspects.
Knowledge of materials.
Types of staircase and their respective uses.
Terminologies and dimensions.
Detailing; structural details and fixing
details.
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4. Type of Use
Type of Building
Where to locate a staircase?
Type of Staircase
Strength and load
Standards (IS Code)
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5. 1. Straight stairs
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6. 2. Dog-legged stairs
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7. 3. Open-newel stairs
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8. 4. Quarter turn newel stairs
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5. Half turn newel stairs
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9. 6. Geometric stairs
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10. 7. Spiral stairs
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8. Bifurcated stairs
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11. 9. Circular stairs
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12. Wooden stair
Stone stair
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Metal stair
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13. R.C.C stair
Brick stair
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Movable stair
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14. TREAD: it is the upper horizontal portion of a step upon
which the foot is placed while ascending or descending.
RISER: it is the vertical portion of a step providing a
support to the tread.
FLIGHT: this is defined as an unbroken series of steps
between landings.
LANDING: it is the level platform at the top or bottom
of a flight between the floors. A landing facilitates
change of direction and provides an opportunity for
taking rest during the use of the stair.
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15. RISE: it is the vertical distance between two successive
tread faces.
GOING: it is the horizontal distance between two
successive riser faces.
STRINGS AND STRINGERS: these are the slopping
members which support the steps in a stair. They run
along the slope of the stair.
NEWEL POST: newel post is a vertical member which is
placed at the ends of flights to connect the ends of
strings and hand rail.
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16. BALUSTER: it is vertical member of wood or metal,
supporting the hand rail.
HAND RAIL: it is the surrounded or moulded member
of wood or metal following generally the contour of the
nosing line, and fixed on the top of balusters.
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17. OR GOING
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18. Dog-legged stair in timber
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Different types of handrails
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19. Methods of fixing balusters in stone steps
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Detail of R.C.C stair
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20. Detail of wooden stair
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Structural details of precast R.C.C spiral
stair
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21. Typical section of stair
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22. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Location.
Width of a stair (minimum 90 cm in residential use).
Length of flight (maximum 12 steps ).
Pitch of stair (should not exceed 40 degree and should not be
flatter than 25 degree).
Head room (should not less than 2.14m).
Materials.
Balustrade to ensure safety.
Landing (should not be less than the width of stair).
Avoid winders and extra materials. Use optimum use of
materials.
Step proportion.
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23. 1. Tread + (2 X Riser) = 60
2. Tread X Riser = 450 (maximum)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Tread= 30 cm
Riser = 15 cm
Width = 90 cm (Residential building), 180 cm in public building
Height of newel post = 90 cm
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24. Thank You
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